50,125 research outputs found
Towards the Model-Driven Engineering of Secure yet Safe Embedded Systems
We introduce SysML-Sec, a SysML-based Model-Driven Engineering environment
aimed at fostering the collaboration between system designers and security
experts at all methodological stages of the development of an embedded system.
A central issue in the design of an embedded system is the definition of the
hardware/software partitioning of the architecture of the system, which should
take place as early as possible. SysML-Sec aims to extend the relevance of this
analysis through the integration of security requirements and threats. In
particular, we propose an agile methodology whose aim is to assess early on the
impact of the security requirements and of the security mechanisms designed to
satisfy them over the safety of the system. Security concerns are captured in a
component-centric manner through existing SysML diagrams with only minimal
extensions. After the requirements captured are derived into security and
cryptographic mechanisms, security properties can be formally verified over
this design. To perform the latter, model transformation techniques are
implemented in the SysML-Sec toolchain in order to derive a ProVerif
specification from the SysML models. An automotive firmware flashing procedure
serves as a guiding example throughout our presentation.Comment: In Proceedings GraMSec 2014, arXiv:1404.163
A survey on cyber security for smart grid communications
A smart grid is a new form of electricity network with high fidelity power-flow control, self-healing, and energy reliability and energy security using digital communications and control technology. To upgrade an existing power grid into a smart grid, it requires significant dependence on intelligent and secure communication infrastructures. It requires security frameworks for distributed communications, pervasive computing and sensing technologies in smart grid. However, as many of the communication technologies currently recommended to use by a smart grid is vulnerable in cyber security, it could lead to unreliable system operations, causing unnecessary expenditure, even consequential disaster to both utilities and consumers. In this paper, we summarize the cyber security requirements and the possible vulnerabilities in smart grid communications and survey the current solutions on cyber security for smart grid communications. © 2012 IEEE
Applying Lessons from Cyber Attacks on Ukrainian Infrastructures to Secure Gateways onto the Industrial Internet of Things
Previous generations of safety-related industrial control systems were âair gappedâ. In other words, process control
components including Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) and smart sensor/actuators were disconnected and
isolated from local or wide area networks. This provided a degree of protection; attackers needed physical access to
compromise control systems components. Over time this âair gapâ has gradually been eroded. Switches and
gateways have subsequently interfaced industrial protocols, including Profibus and Modbus, so that data can be
drawn from safety-related Operational Technology into enterprise information systems using TCP/IP. Senior
management uses these links to monitor production processes and inform strategic planning. The Industrial Internet
of Things represents another step in this evolution â enabling the coordination of physically distributed resources
from a centralized location. The growing range and sophistication of these interconnections create additional
security concerns for the operation and management of safety-critical systems. This paper uses lessons learned
from recent attacks on Ukrainian critical infrastructures to guide a forensic analysis of an IIoT switch. The intention
is to identify and mitigate vulnerabilities that would enable similar attacks to be replicated across Europe and North
America
Internet of robotic things : converging sensing/actuating, hypoconnectivity, artificial intelligence and IoT Platforms
The Internet of Things (IoT) concept is evolving rapidly and influencing newdevelopments in various application domains, such as the Internet of MobileThings (IoMT), Autonomous Internet of Things (A-IoT), Autonomous Systemof Things (ASoT), Internet of Autonomous Things (IoAT), Internetof Things Clouds (IoT-C) and the Internet of Robotic Things (IoRT) etc.that are progressing/advancing by using IoT technology. The IoT influencerepresents new development and deployment challenges in different areassuch as seamless platform integration, context based cognitive network integration,new mobile sensor/actuator network paradigms, things identification(addressing, naming in IoT) and dynamic things discoverability and manyothers. The IoRT represents new convergence challenges and their need to be addressed, in one side the programmability and the communication ofmultiple heterogeneous mobile/autonomous/robotic things for cooperating,their coordination, configuration, exchange of information, security, safetyand protection. Developments in IoT heterogeneous parallel processing/communication and dynamic systems based on parallelism and concurrencyrequire new ideas for integrating the intelligent âdevicesâ, collaborativerobots (COBOTS), into IoT applications. Dynamic maintainability, selfhealing,self-repair of resources, changing resource state, (re-) configurationand context based IoT systems for service implementation and integrationwith IoT network service composition are of paramount importance whennew âcognitive devicesâ are becoming active participants in IoT applications.This chapter aims to be an overview of the IoRT concept, technologies,architectures and applications and to provide a comprehensive coverage offuture challenges, developments and applications
On the Convergence of Blockchain and Internet of Things (IoT) Technologies
The Internet of Things (IoT) technology will soon become an integral part of
our daily lives to facilitate the control and monitoring of processes and
objects and revolutionize the ways that human interacts with the physical
world. For all features of IoT to become fully functional in practice, there
are several obstacles on the way to be surmounted and critical challenges to be
addressed. These include, but are not limited to cybersecurity, data privacy,
energy consumption, and scalability. The Blockchain decentralized nature and
its multi-faceted procedures offer a useful mechanism to tackle several of
these IoT challenges. However, applying the Blockchain protocols to IoT without
considering their tremendous computational loads, delays, and bandwidth
overhead can let to a new set of problems. This review evaluates some of the
main challenges we face in the integration of Blockchain and IoT technologies
and provides insights and high-level solutions that can potentially handle the
shortcomings and constraints of both IoT and Blockchain technologies.Comment: Includes 11 Pages, 3 Figures, To publish in Journal of Strategic
Innovation and Sustainability for issue JSIS 14(1
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How secure is ERTMS?
This paper reports on the results of a security analysis of the European Railway Traffic Management System (ERTMS) specifications. ERTMS is designed to be fail-safe and the general philosophy of âif in doubt, stop the trainâ makes it difficult to engineer a train accident. However, it is possible to exploit the fail-safe behaviour of ERTMS and create a situation that causes a train to halt. Thus, denial of service attacks are possible, and could be launched at a time and place of the attackerâs choosing, perhaps designed to cause maximum disruption or passenger discomfort. Causing an accident is more difficult but not impossible
Middleware Technologies for Cloud of Things - a survey
The next wave of communication and applications rely on the new services
provided by Internet of Things which is becoming an important aspect in human
and machines future. The IoT services are a key solution for providing smart
environments in homes, buildings and cities. In the era of a massive number of
connected things and objects with a high grow rate, several challenges have
been raised such as management, aggregation and storage for big produced data.
In order to tackle some of these issues, cloud computing emerged to IoT as
Cloud of Things (CoT) which provides virtually unlimited cloud services to
enhance the large scale IoT platforms. There are several factors to be
considered in design and implementation of a CoT platform. One of the most
important and challenging problems is the heterogeneity of different objects.
This problem can be addressed by deploying suitable "Middleware". Middleware
sits between things and applications that make a reliable platform for
communication among things with different interfaces, operating systems, and
architectures. The main aim of this paper is to study the middleware
technologies for CoT. Toward this end, we first present the main features and
characteristics of middlewares. Next we study different architecture styles and
service domains. Then we presents several middlewares that are suitable for CoT
based platforms and lastly a list of current challenges and issues in design of
CoT based middlewares is discussed.Comment: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352864817301268,
Digital Communications and Networks, Elsevier (2017
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