Applications in Electronics Pervading Industry, Environment and Society

This book features the manuscripts accepted for the Special Issue “Applications in Electronics Pervading Industry, Environment and Society—Sensing Systems and Pervasive Intelligence” of the MDPI journal Sensors. Most of the papers come from a selection of the best papers of the 2019 edition of the “Applications in Electronics Pervading Industry, Environment and Society” (APPLEPIES) Conference, which was held in November 2019. All these papers have been significantly enhanced with novel experimental results. The papers give an overview of the trends in research and development activities concerning the pervasive application of electronics in industry, the environment, and society. The focus of these papers is on cyber physical systems (CPS), with research proposals for new sensor acquisition and ADC (analog to digital converter) methods, high-speed communication systems, cybersecurity, big data management, and data processing including emerging machine learning techniques. Physical implementation aspects are discussed as well as the trade-off found between functional performance and hardware/system costs

Security-centric analysis and performance investigation of IEEE 802.16 WiMAX

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Design of High Performance Phase Locked Loop for UHF Band in 180 nm CMOS Technology

Abstract: The aim of this study was to design low phase noise 2.4 GHz ring oscillator with low power dissipation and small die area. This study presents the design of high performance PLL for UHF band. This PLL has been realized in 180 nm by Virtuoso Analog Design Environment of Cadence tool. After simulating various stages of the ring oscillators, a three-stage ring oscillator has been selected for the implementation of the PLL. A zero dead zone Phase Frequency Detector (PFD) and Charge Pump (CP) with loop filter have been designed and used in the PLL. The PLL has designed with lowest phase noise of-122.2 dBc/Hz @ 10 MHz offset frequency and figure of merit-134 dBc/Hz. The layout of complete PLL has been designed by Virtuoso LayoutXL tool of Cadence. The total area required to implement the PLL without package is (0.093 × 0.09783 mm) 0.0091 mm 2

Preliminary study and design of the avionics system for an eVTOL aircraft.

The project consists of the study, creation, implementation, and development of the avionics system of an electric Vertical Take-Off and Landing (eVTOL) airplane for an ongoing project from the company ONAEROSPACE. The plane is intended to be for 7 passengers and 1 pilot, with a maximum range of 1000+ km. The fuselage will be formed of carbon fiber composite to reduce weight and it will use electric motors powered by batteries. The avionics system will provide the aircraft with communication and navigation systems, an autonomous Take-Off (T/O) and landing system, as well as the development of cockpit management systems. This document is divided into two parts. The first part begins with the study of all the necessary tools for communication and navigation systems. That means all compulsory antennas and sensors to obtain information about the surroundings (weather, obstacles, other planes¿). The intern communication network to send data from these sensors and antennas to main flight management systems is also studied in this first part. The second part of the project is dedicated to cabin cockpit systems and the study for the future development of autonomous systems. The cabin will have a full-glass cockpit, with touchable screens and an intelligent voice assistant. It will be very ergonomic and simple, with a lot of space in the cabin. In order to have an idea of the cost of the implementation of all the systems for the aircraft, a weight and cost estimation analysis are done at the end of each section. The last part of the project consists of the study of the design of a virtual intelligent voice assistant and the implementation of autonomous systems. Nowadays, the virtual intelligent voice assistant is an artificial intelligence system that works as a pilot monitoring system which assists the pilot in order to decrease the pilot¿s workload. The future idea is that the pilot could tell commands to the voice assistant and do nothing with the hands, just control that everything works correctly. Regarding the autonomous system, the conclusion is that with the existent technology is not possible today. Nevertheless, in the future, when fully autonomous aircraft are possible, the idea is that although being fully autonomous, the pilot can take the control of the aircraft at any moment.OutgoingObjectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::9 - Indústria, Innovació i InfraestructuraObjectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::11 - Ciutats i Comunitats Sostenible

Reliability modelling of redundant safety systems without automatic diagnostics incorporating common cause failures and process demand

Sriramula’s work within the Lloyd’s Register Foundation Centre for Safety and Reliability Engineering at the University of Aberdeen is supported by Lloyd’s Register Foundation. The Foundation helps to protect life and property by supporting engineering-related education, public engagement and the application of re-search.Peer reviewedPostprin

Space Shuttle/TDRSS communication and tracking systems analysis

In order to evaluate the technical and operational problem areas and provide a recommendation, the enhancements to the Tracking and Data Delay Satellite System (TDRSS) and Shuttle must be evaluated through simulation and analysis. These enhancement techniques must first be characterized, then modeled mathematically, and finally updated into LinCsim (analytical simulation package). The LinCsim package can then be used as an evaluation tool. Three areas of potential enhancements were identified: shuttle payload accommodations, TDRSS SSA and KSA services, and shuttle tracking system and navigation sensors. Recommendations for each area were discussed

Advanced sensors technology survey

This project assesses the state-of-the-art in advanced or 'smart' sensors technology for NASA Life Sciences research applications with an emphasis on those sensors with potential applications on the space station freedom (SSF). The objectives are: (1) to conduct literature reviews on relevant advanced sensor technology; (2) to interview various scientists and engineers in industry, academia, and government who are knowledgeable on this topic; (3) to provide viewpoints and opinions regarding the potential applications of this technology on the SSF; and (4) to provide summary charts of relevant technologies and centers where these technologies are being developed

An Energy-Efficient Reconfigurable Mobile Memory Interface for Computing Systems

The critical need for higher power efficiency and bandwidth transceiver design has significantly increased as mobile devices, such as smart phones, laptops, tablets, and ultra-portable personal digital assistants continue to be constructed using heterogeneous intellectual properties such as central processing units (CPUs), graphics processing units (GPUs), digital signal processors, dynamic random-access memories (DRAMs), sensors, and graphics/image processing units and to have enhanced graphic computing and video processing capabilities. However, the current mobile interface technologies which support CPU to memory communication (e.g. baseband-only signaling) have critical limitations, particularly super-linear energy consumption, limited bandwidth, and non-reconfigurable data access. As a consequence, there is a critical need to improve both energy efficiency and bandwidth for future mobile devices.;The primary goal of this study is to design an energy-efficient reconfigurable mobile memory interface for mobile computing systems in order to dramatically enhance the circuit and system bandwidth and power efficiency. The proposed energy efficient mobile memory interface which utilizes an advanced base-band (BB) signaling and a RF-band signaling is capable of simultaneous bi-directional communication and reconfigurable data access. It also increases power efficiency and bandwidth between mobile CPUs and memory subsystems on a single-ended shared transmission line. Moreover, due to multiple data communication on a single-ended shared transmission line, the number of transmission lines between mobile CPU and memories is considerably reduced, resulting in significant technological innovations, (e.g. more compact devices and low cost packaging to mobile communication interface) and establishing the principles and feasibility of technologies for future mobile system applications. The operation and performance of the proposed transceiver are analyzed and its circuit implementation is discussed in details. A chip prototype of the transceiver was implemented in a 65nm CMOS process technology. In the measurement, the transceiver exhibits higher aggregate data throughput and better energy efficiency compared to prior works

Seafloor characterization using airborne hyperspectral co-registration procedures independent from attitude and positioning sensors

The advance of remote-sensing technology and data-storage capabilities has progressed in the last decade to commercial multi-sensor data collection. There is a constant need to characterize, quantify and monitor the coastal areas for habitat research and coastal management. In this paper, we present work on seafloor characterization that uses hyperspectral imagery (HSI). The HSI data allows the operator to extend seafloor characterization from multibeam backscatter towards land and thus creates a seamless ocean-to-land characterization of the littoral zone