The Effect of Balance Exercise on Postural Balance of Elderly as Fall Prevention in Institutionalized Elderly

The common problem of elderly physical changes is a postural balance which can increase the incidence of fall. Balance exercise is an exercise program to increase the postural balance of elderly. This study aims to analyze the effect of a balance exercise that increases elderly postural balance. This study was a quasi-experimental design. The samples were 28 respondents from Wana Seraya Denpasar Nursing home based on inclusion criteria and divided into treatment group and control group containing 14 respondents in each group. The variable was elderly postural balance with balance exercise as the intervention. The participants were evaluated using the Berg Balance Scale. This study used the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test and Mann Whitney Test. The results showed that there was an increase in the postural balance in the treatment group (p=0.014), but, in the control group, there was no change (p = 1.00). There was a significant effect of balance exercise in increasing elderly postural balance with the value of p=0,001. A positive effect of the balancing exercise in the postural balance in institutionalized elderly subjects was found. This study recommends balance exercise for providing elderly postural balance that helps to decrease fall incidence among the elderly. Keywords: balance exercise, postural balance, elderl

Effectiveness of Mechanical Horse-Riding Simulators on Postural Balance in Neurological Rehabilitation: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Mechanical horse-riding simulators consist of a device that mimics the movement of a real horse, generating between 50 and 100 three-dimensional physical movements (forward and back, left and right, up and down). The main objective of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of mechanical horse-riding simulators to improve postural balance in subjects with neurological disorders. The search was conducted during January-March 2019 in PubMed, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), Cochrane, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Scopus. The methodological quality of the studies was evaluated through the PEDro scale. A total of seven articles were included in this systematic review, of which four contributed information to the meta-analysis. Statistical analysis showed favorable results for balance in stroke patients, measured by the Berg Balance Scale (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 3.24; 95%; confidence interval (CI): 1.66-4.83). Not conclusive results were found in sitting postural balance, measured using the Gross Motor Function Measure-66 (GMFM-66) Sitting Dimension, in patients with cerebral palsy. Most studies have shown beneficial effects on postural balance compared with conventional physical therapy. However, due to the limited number of articles and their low methodological quality, no solid conclusions can be drawn about the effectiveness of this therapy

Postural Balance and Anti-Gravitation Muscle Strength in Women Who Do Indonesia Healthy Gymnastics

Background: Balance is the ability to maintain the center of gravity over the base of support, usually while in an upright position. Balance is a complex function involving numerous neuromuscular processes. The factors having direct influence on the ability to maintain the balancing position may be sensory information, coordination, range of joint movements and muscle strength. Muscle strength is an important aspect of physical fitness and health status, and a decrease of muscle strength may cause significant functional limitations. This study aimed to test the effect on postural balance and anti-gravitation muscle strength in women who do Indonesian healthy tera gymnastics. Subjects and Method: This was a randomized controlled trial carried out in Surakarta. A total of 160 people 55 to 65 years of age were selected for this study and divided into two groups: (1) Tera gymnastics group; (2) Control group. The dependent variables were postural balance and anti-gravitation muscle strength. The independent variable was Indonesian healthy tera gymnastics. Data on postural balance was measured by posturometer, and anti-gravitation muscle strength was measured by dynamometer. The scores between two groups were tested by t-test. Results: Wobble frequency was lower in the gymnastics group than in the control group, and it was statistically significant. Wobble amplitude was lower in the gymnastics group than in the control group, and it was statistically significant. Conclusion: Tera healthy gymnastics is effective to improve postural balance as indicated by low wobble frequency and amplitude. Keywords: healthy gymnastics, postural balance, wobble frequency, amplitude

PERBEDAAN ANTARA KESEIMBANGAN TUBUH SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH SENAM PILATES PADA WANITA USIA MUDA

Background: Sports is a series of physical activities that serve to maintain and improve physical and mental health. One of the most popular sports in Indonesia, especially in women is pilates exercises. Emphasis in pilates is on breathing, coordination and balance. Aim: To determine the difference between postural balance before and after pilates exercises in young women. Methods: The study was a Quasi Experimental with one group pre-test and posttest design. This study included 16 women aged between 18 and 25 years old. Examination of postural balance used Standing Stork Test. Normality test used Saphiro-Wilk test and hypothesis test used paired T test. Results: The average value of the subject before pilates exercises was 4,46 ± 2,47 s with minimum score was 1,5 s and maximum score was 9,05 s, although the average value of the subject after pilates exercises was 14,15 ± 8,93 s with minimum score was 3,58 s and maximum score was 37,14 s. There was a significant difference between postural balance before and after pilates exercises in young women (p<0,001). Conclusions: There was a significant difference between postural balance before and after pilates exercises in young women. Keywords: Postural balance, pilates exercises, young wome

Evaluating the center of gravity of dislocations in soccer players with and without reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament using a balance platform

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare the dislocation of the center of gravity and postural balance in sedentary and recreational soccer players with and withoutanterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction using the Biodex Balance System (BBS). METHOD: Sixty-four subjects were divided into three groups: a) soccer players who were post- anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction; b) soccer players with no anterior cruciate ligament injuries; and c) sedentary subjects. The subjects were submitted to functional stability tests using the Biodex Balance System. The instability protocols used were level eight (more stable) and level two (less stable). Three stability indexes were calculated: the anteroposterior stability index, the mediolateral stability index, and the general stability index. RESULTS: Postural balance (dislocation) on the reconstructed side of the athletes was worse than on the side that had not undergone reconstruction. The postural balance of the sedentary group was dislocated less on both sides than the reconstructed knees of the athletes without anterior cruciate ligament injuries. There were no differences in postural balance with relation to left/right dominance for the uninjured athletes and the sedentary individuals. CONCLUSION: The dislocation of the center of gravity and change in postural balance in sedentary individuals and on the operated limb of Surgery Group are less marked than in the soccer players from the Non Surgery Group and on the non-operated limbs. The dislocation of the center of gravity and the change in postural balance from the operated limb of the soccer players is less marked than in their non-operated limbs

The influence of anthropometric factors on postural balance: the relationship between body composition and posturographic measurements in young adults

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of anthropometric characteristics and gender on postural balance in adults. One hundred individuals were examined (50 males, 50 females; age range 20-40 years). METHODS: The following body composition measurements were collected (using bone densitometry measurements): fat percentage (% fat), tissue (g), fat (g), lean mass (g), bone mineral content (g), and bone mineral density (g/cm2). In addition, the following anthropometric measurements were collected: body mass (kg), height (cm), length of the trunk-cephalic region (cm), length of the lower limbs (cm) and length of the upper limbs (cm). The following indices were calculated: body mass index (kg/m²), waist-hip ratio and the support base (cm²). Also, a postural balance test was performed using posturography variables with open and closed eyes. RESULTS: The analysis revealed poor correlations between postural balance and the anthropometric variables. A multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that the whole group (female and male) height explained 12% of the medial-lateral displacement, 10% of the speed of oscillation, and 11% of the displacement area. The length of the trunk-cephalic length explained 6% of the displacement in the anteroposterior direction. With eyes closed, the support base and height explained 18% of the medial displacement, and the lateral height explained 10% of the displacement speed and 5% of the scroll area. CONCLUSION: Measured using posturography, the postural balance was only slightly influenced by the anthropometric variables, both with open and closed eyes. Height was the anthropometric variable that most influenced postural balance, both in the whole group and separately for each gender. Postural balance was more influenced by anthropometric factors in males than females

CHANGES IN ISOMETRIC AND ISOKINETIC STRENGTH, POSTURAL BALANCE AND ENDURANCE AFTER THAI-BO TRAINING PROGRAM

The objective of the present study was to examine the influence of a long term Thai-Bo training program on muscular strength of the knee muscles, postural balance, and cardiovascular parameters. Thirty-five volunteers participated in two groups. Pre-and posttest with measuring of isometric and isokinetic strength of knee extension/flexion as well as postural balance on a force plate were performed before and after a weekly six-months training period. Furthermore cardiovascular parameters were measured during a stepwise increasing cycle ergometry. The results showed a significant increase of isometric strength and isokinetic strength at 600 /s in addition to an improvement in postural balance. Also a significant improvement of cardiovascular parameters in retest could be demonstrated

Int J Occup Saf Ergon

Objectives.Postural imbalance can result from hyperthermia-mediated muscular fatigue and is a major factor contributing to injuries from falling. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of exercise-induced hyperthermia and the impact of cooling on postural balance while wearing firefighters\u2019 protective clothing (FPC) in a hot environment.Methods.A portable force platform measured postural balance characterized by postural sway patterns using center of pressure metrics. Twelve healthy, physically fit males were recruited to stand on the force platform once with eyes open and once with eyes closed before and after treadmill exercise (40%V\u2d9O2max) inside an environmental chamber under hot and humid conditions (30 \ub0C and 70% relative humidity) while wearing FPC. Subjects participated in two randomly assigned experimental phases: control and cooling intervention.Results.A significant increase in physiological responses and postural balance metrics was observed after exercising in the heat chamber while wearing FPC. Cooling resulted in a significant effect only on postural sway speed after exercise-induced hyperthermia.Conclusions.Hyperthermia can negatively alter postural balance metrics, which may lead to an increased likelihood of falling. The utilization of body cooling reduced the thermal strain but had limited impact on postural balance stability.CC999999/ImCDC/Intramural CDC HHSUnited States

Postural control data from prevalent kidney transplant patients with and without history of falls

From Elsevier via Jisc Publications RouterItem not available in this repository.This article presents data from a research paper entitled “Postural balance, muscle strength, and history of falls in end-stage renal disease patients living with a kidney transplant: a cross-sectional study” available in Journal Gait and Posture [1]. In this article, we reported the minimal detectable changes at the 95% level of confidence (MDC95) of postural balance variables measured in eyes open (EO) and eyes closed (EC) conditions, with a stabilometric platform, in 59 kidney transplant (KT) recipients (mean age= 53.2 ± 11 years). In addition, we also performed receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis to explore the ability of postural balance measures to discriminate fallers and non-fallers (history of falls: yes or no). Sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve (AUC) of mean center of pressure velocity (CoPv), sway area (SA), center of pressure range of displacement in the anterior-posterior (AP) and medio-lateral (ML) directions were calculated. These data can be used by researchers aiming to design psychometric studies of postural balance in KT patients and they also provide clinicians with information on possible prioritization of outcome assessment for future fall-risk research in this clinical population.31pubpu