Stigma and Anxiety Levels With Adherence on the Treatment Schedule Patient With HIV/AIDS in Indonesia

Introduction: The stigma related with HIV/AIDS poses a psychological challenge to people living with HIV/AIDS. Adherence to the treatment schedule is very important to reduce the impact of HIV/AIDS. Stigmatization is a social problem that affects physical health. As a result, the patients are anxious and react negatively to medication adherence. This study analyzes the stigma, anxiety, and adherence to treatment schedules for HIV/AIDS patients in Surabaya, Indonesia. Methods: : The present study used correlational research, involving 97 respondents, chosen by simple random sampling. The instruments of stigma variable used Berger HIV Stigma scale, variable of anxiety used Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (ZSAS), and variable of adherence to treatment schedules used modified Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8 (MMAS-8) in which all instruments used have been tested for validity with the Cronbach’s alpha value > 0.90. Data analysis used the Spearman rho test with the p-value ≤ 0.05. Results: The results show that there is a relationship between stigma (p-value = 0.012) and anxiety level (p-value= 0.02) with adherence to treatment schedules for patients. There is a negative relationship between the stigma and the level of anxiety with treatment schedules in patients. Conclusion: The implication of the research is that stigma and anxiety levels affect the HIV/AIDS patients’ treatment schedules. This research suggests that health workers need to provide more coping strategies and educational updates at the beginning of ARV (Antiretroviral) treatment along with the initiation of family gathering activities, and assess the anxiety symptoms of a patient during the therapy so that the patient will adhere to treatment schedule

Efektivitas Didecyldimethylammonium Chloride 2.5% dan Chlorine 0.5% terhadap Pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus dan Klebsiella pneumoniae di Ruang Operasi

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas disinfeksi klorin 0,5% dan didesildimetilamonium klorida 2,5% terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Klebsiella pneumoniae di ruang operasi. Metode yang digunakan adalah quasi-experimental postonly group design dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 40 sampel permukaan lingkungan ruang operasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan antara dua jenis desinfektan yaitu didecyldimethylammonium chloride 2,5% dan klorin 0,5% terhadap penurunan jumlah bakteri (p-value 0,373) dan keduanya mampu menurunkan jumlah Staphylococcus aureus dan Klebsiella pneumoniae. Simpulan, kedua desinfektan memiliki efikasi yang baik dalam menurunkan Staphylococcus aureus dan Klebsiella pneumoniae pada permukaan ruang operasi

The Behavior Stroke Prevention with Stroke Incidence during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia shows an existence drop in total stroke patients, this shows that the impact of COVID-19 on the epidemiology of stroke is multifactorial. Other research show there is a connection Between incidence of stroke, and factors prevention risk of stroke with COVID-19. Difference results study the show factor the risk that affects the incidence of stroke, it is possibly related to an infection that alone or consequences social from COVID-19 pandemic. The connection between Behavior Stroke Prevention with Stroke Incidence during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Methods: The research design is a descriptive correlation with a retrospective approach. The population in the study is whole patients who come to neurosurgery. A Sample of 72 people was recruited by a purposive sampling technique. the variables studied are Behavior Stroke prevention and the incidence of stroke. The instrument for collecting data uses the modified Questionnaire from the study before. Data analysis was done by the Chi-Square test. Results: Results show that behavior stroke prevention (activity physical, behavior smoking, pattern eating, rate stress, drinking drugs regular, and regularly control) exists in connection with stroke during the COVID-19 pandemic. Variable show p-value < 0.05 for everything. Conclusions: There is a relationship connection between Behavior Stroke Prevention with Stroke Incidence during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Behavior stroke prevention that has been done by routine before the pandemic should be maintained although needs modification

The Effect of caring behaviour approach to improve nurses’ caring character in medical-surgical wards

Introduction: Nurses are the leading line of professional healthcare. Many studies of caring include factors that are influential or related, but there has been no intervention to improve the caring character of nurses. The purpose was to prove the effect of the caring behaviour approach on the improvement of nurses’ caring character. Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental design. The sample size of 100 nurses working in medical-surgical wards of four hospitals in Gresik City was separated into 50 nurses in intervention group and 50 nurses control group by cluster sampling. The inclusion criteria: nurses implementing caring for patients. The caring behaviour approach was given to nurses in the intervention group and nurses in the control group performed their usual care as regulation in nursing care of each hospital. Caring behaviour approach was modification of education and mentoring about Islamic caring and caring behaviour nurses to patients and family. Data collection of nurses’ caring character variable used Caring Behaviour Inventory, consisting of: deference to others, assurance of human presence, positive connectedness, professional knowledge-skills, and attentiveness to others’ experience. Data analysis used paired t-test and independent t-test at significant level α ≤ 0.05. Results: Nurses between intervention group and control group had similar demographical data in gender and nursing education. Caring behaviour approach had significant influence to improve the nurses’ caring character. There were significant differences of nurses’ caring character between the two groups. Conclusions: Nurses’ caring character should be supervised regularly to assess the performance of nurses, to improve also maintain good caring behaviour

The Effectiveness of Pulmonary Rehabilitation on Pulmonary Function among Adults Patients of COVID- 19 Survivors: A Systematic Review

Introduction: Corona Virus Infection Disease (COVID-19) refers to the infectious disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Most of COVID-19 survivors have residual symptoms after being discharged from the hospital, it then leads to the decreased lung function and quality of life (QoL). Pulmonary rehabilitation is essential because it can reduce the impact of these sequelae. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of pulmonary rehabilitation in improving lung function among adult patients of COVID-19 survivors. Methods: This study was conducted using 5 databases, namely: CINAHL, PubMed, SAGE, Science Direct, and Scopus from 1 April 2020 to 30 September 2021. The combination of keywords used was: "Pulmonary Rehabilitation", “Pulmonary Function", and "Post-COVID-19". In assessing the bias and methodological quality of the articles obtained, this study used the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklist tools. Results: From 678 articles, 11 research articles met the criteria. Pulmonary rehabilitation performed in post-COVID-19 patients included the provision of aerobic exercise, breathing exercises, strength training, balance exercises, relaxation, occupational therapy, psychological support, and nutrition consultation. Lung rehabilitation mainly was performed two sessions a week for 3-8 weeks with different proportions for each patient according to clinical conditions and ability limits. Spirometry and the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) revealed that patients who completed the pulmonary rehabilitation program experienced improvements in their lung function. Conclusion: Comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation programs under supervision and psychotherapists are the right choice in improving lung function among COVID-19 survivor adult patients

Aerobic and anaerobic exercise to enhance physical fitness on chronic kidney disease patients on hemodialysis: A literature review.

Background: Chronic kidney disease is a condition where kidney has declining its function. It can cause a loss of physical capacity characterized by decreased body fitness, muscle strength and muscle endurance. Exercise programs to overcome the problem are still not common in dialysis clinics but there are several studies on exercise programs that have a positive effect on hemodialysis patients. Objectives: This study aimed to review aerobic and anaerobic exercise to enhance physical fitness for chronic kidney disease patients on hemodialysis. Design: The study design used was systematic review with using The Center for Review and Dissemination for writing guideline and the Joanna Briggs Institute Guideline for assessing the quality of summarized studies. Data Sources: Search for articles accessed through database, such as ProQuest, Scopus, Science Direct, SAGE, and PubMed with keywords: Chronic kidney disease, aerobic exercise, anaerobic exercise, physical function and hemodialysis. The literature was published 2015-2021. Review Methods: Joanna Briggs Institute Guidelines was used to assess the quality of the summarized studies. The presentation of the data will be done using descriptive techniques. Results: The result of this systematic review shows that both aerobic and anaerobic exercise have a significant result for chronic kidney disease patient who undergo hemodialysis therapy. But aerobic exercise had a long-term impact for patients than anaerobic exercise. Combination of aerobic (ergometer cycle) and anaerobic exercise (resistance training exercise) also show a significant effect for physical fitness. The mechanism for enhancing physical fitness is done by strengthen the body muscle. The side effect of exercise is found minimum in most of study. Conclusion: The combination of cycle ergometer exercise and resistance training exercise is one of the best exercises. The exercise could enhance the physical fitness by strengthen the muscle. The exercise could be done home based or intradialytic, but some articles state that intradialytic exercise is better than home based exercise