156,705 research outputs found
Assessing confidence in cased based reuse step
Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) is a learning approach that solves current situations by reusing previous solutions that are stored in a case base. In the CBR cycle the reuse step plays an important role into the problem solving process, since the solution for a new problem is based in the available solutions of the retrieved cases. In classification tasks a trivial reuse method is commonly used, which takes into account the most frequently solution proposed by the set of retrieved cases. We propose an alternative reuse process; we call confidence-reuse method, which make a qualitative assessment of the information retrieved. This approach is focused on measuring the solution accuracy, applying some confidence predictors based in a k-NN classifier with the aim of analyzing and evaluating the information offered by the retrieved cases.Peer Reviewe
Level 2 software reuse study
The Space Station Freedom Program (SSFP) Level 2 Software Reuse Study group was formed by Bob Nelson (NASA SSFP) from members of the Information Systems Program Support Contract (PSC) team. The objectives of the study were to identify existing software reuse libraries, to identify existing reusability processes and experiences, to identify reusability analysis tools and users, and to provide recommendations for a software reusability process for the SSFP. To date the following have been delivered: (1) definitions of commonality and reuse, (2) a report on existing software reuse libraries and library management systems, (3) a report on reuse process and methodology gleaned from software reuse experts, and (4) a report on software attributes for measuring commonality and reusability. Three implementation alternatives for a repository of reusable components were identified: centralized at the SSE Development Facility (SSEDF), a distributed approach across the network of Software Production Facilities, and a directory approach. A number of findings from the reuse study and several reuse strategy considerations were presented
Developing engineering ontology for domain coordinate metrology
Već razvijene i primenjene inženjerske informacije, često su skladištene i zaboravljene. Trenutni pristupi pretraživanju informacija su nedovoljno efikasni u razumevanju inženjerskih sadržaja, jer oni nisu razvijeni tako da dele, ponovo upotrebljavaju i predstavljaju informacije jednog inženjerskog domena. U ovom radu se daje trenutno stanje razvoja inženjerske ontologije i predlaže metod njenog razvoja na konceptualnom nivou, u cilju ponovne upotrebe i deljenja znanja u domenu koordinatne metrologije. Osim toga, metod definiše razvoj ontologije za potrebe izgradnje baze znanja, kao jedne od osnovnih komponenti inteligentnog sistema za inspekciju prizmatičnih delova na numerički upravljanoj mernoj mašini. Predloženi metod je implementiran u softveru Protégé na primeru jednog mernog dela.Already developed and applied engineering information, it is often stored and forgotten. Current approaches for information retrieval are not effective enough in understanding of engineering contents, because they are not developed to share, reuse and represent information of an engineering domain. This paper presents the current state of development engineering ontology (EO) and suggests the method of its development at conceptual level, in order to reuse and share knowledge in domain of coordinate metrology (CM). Furthermore, the method defines development of ontology for the construction of knowledge base, as one of the basic components of an intelligent system for the inspection of prismatic parts on coordinate measuring machine (CMM). The proposed method is implemented in the software Protégé on the example of one measuring part
Developing engineering ontology for domain coordinate metrology
Već razvijene i primenjene inženjerske informacije, često su skladištene i zaboravljene. Trenutni pristupi pretraživanju informacija su nedovoljno efikasni u razumevanju inženjerskih sadržaja, jer oni nisu razvijeni tako da dele, ponovo upotrebljavaju i predstavljaju informacije jednog inženjerskog domena. U ovom radu se daje trenutno stanje razvoja inženjerske ontologije i predlaže metod njenog razvoja na konceptualnom nivou, u cilju ponovne upotrebe i deljenja znanja u domenu koordinatne metrologije. Osim toga, metod definiše razvoj ontologije za potrebe izgradnje baze znanja, kao jedne od osnovnih komponenti inteligentnog sistema za inspekciju prizmatičnih delova na numerički upravljanoj mernoj mašini. Predloženi metod je implementiran u softveru Protégé na primeru jednog mernog dela.Already developed and applied engineering information, it is often stored and forgotten. Current approaches for information retrieval are not effective enough in understanding of engineering contents, because they are not developed to share, reuse and represent information of an engineering domain. This paper presents the current state of development engineering ontology (EO) and suggests the method of its development at conceptual level, in order to reuse and share knowledge in domain of coordinate metrology (CM). Furthermore, the method defines development of ontology for the construction of knowledge base, as one of the basic components of an intelligent system for the inspection of prismatic parts on coordinate measuring machine (CMM). The proposed method is implemented in the software Protégé on the example of one measuring part
Providing value to a business using a lightweight design system to support knowledge reuse by designers
This paper describes an alternative approach to knowledge based systems in engineering than traditional geometry or explicit knowledge focused systems. Past systems have supported product optimisation rather than creative solutions and provide little benefit to businesses for bespoke and low volume products or products which do not benefit from optimisation. The approach here addresses this by supporting the creativity of designers through codified tacit knowledge and encouraging knowledge reuse for bespoke product development, in particular for small to medium sized enterprises. The implementation and evaluation of the approach is described within a company producing bespoke fixtures and tooling in shorter than average lead times. The active support of knowledge management in the company is intended to add value to the business by further reducing the lead times of the designs and creating a positive impact to business processes. The evaluation demonstrates a viable alternative framework to the traditional management of knowledge in engineering, which could be implemented by other small to medium enterprises
An empirical study on behavioural intention to reuse e-learning systems in rural China
The learner’s acceptance of e-learning systems has received extensive attention in prior studies, but how their experience of using e-learning systems impacts on their behavioural intention to reuse those systems has attracted limited research. As the applications of e-learning are still gaining momentum in developing countries, such as China, it is necessary to examine the relationships between e-learners’ experience and perceptions and their behavioural intention to reuse, because it is argued that system reuse is an important indicator of the system’s success. Therefore, a better understanding of the multiple factors affecting the e-learner’s intention to reuse could help e-learning system researchers and providers to develop more effective and acceptable e-learning systems. Underpinned by the information system success model, technology acceptance model and self-efficacy theory, a theoretical framework was developed to investigate the learner’s behavioural intention to reuse e-learning systems. A total of 280 e-learners were surveyed to validate the measurements and proposed research model. The results demonstrated that e-learning service quality, course quality, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and self-efficacy had direct effects on users’ behavioural intention to reuse. System functionality and system response have an indirect effect, but system interactivity had no significant effect. Furthermore, self-efficacy affected perceived ease of use that positively influenced perceived usefulness
Using BATSE to measure gamma-ray burst polarization
We describe a technique for measuring the polarization of hard x-rays from γ-ray bursts based on the angular distribution of that portion of the flux which is scattered off the top of the Earth’s atmosphere. The scattering cross section depends not only on the scatter angle itself, but on the orientation of the scatter angle with respect to the incident polarization vector. Consequently, the distribution of the observed albedo flux will depend on the direction and the polarization properties (i.e., the level of polarization and polarization angle) of the source. Although the BATSE design (with its large field-of-view for each detector) is not optimized for albedo polarimetry, we have nonetheless investigated the feasibility of this technique using BATSE data
On the Feasibility of Automated Detection of Allusive Text Reuse
The detection of allusive text reuse is particularly challenging due to the
sparse evidence on which allusive references rely---commonly based on none or
very few shared words. Arguably, lexical semantics can be resorted to since
uncovering semantic relations between words has the potential to increase the
support underlying the allusion and alleviate the lexical sparsity. A further
obstacle is the lack of evaluation benchmark corpora, largely due to the highly
interpretative character of the annotation process. In the present paper, we
aim to elucidate the feasibility of automated allusion detection. We approach
the matter from an Information Retrieval perspective in which referencing texts
act as queries and referenced texts as relevant documents to be retrieved, and
estimate the difficulty of benchmark corpus compilation by a novel
inter-annotator agreement study on query segmentation. Furthermore, we
investigate to what extent the integration of lexical semantic information
derived from distributional models and ontologies can aid retrieving cases of
allusive reuse. The results show that (i) despite low agreement scores, using
manual queries considerably improves retrieval performance with respect to a
windowing approach, and that (ii) retrieval performance can be moderately
boosted with distributional semantics
Alternatives for Measuring Hazardous Waste Reduction
PTI Project number 233U-4913FRHWRIC Project Number 89006
Tracking citations and altmetrics for research data: Challenges and opportunities
Methods for determining research quality have long been debated but with little lasting agreement on standards, leading to the emergence of alternative metrics. Altmetrics are a useful supplement to traditional citation metrics, reflecting a variety of measurement points that give different perspectives on how a dataset is used and by whom. A positive development is the integration of a number of research datasets into the ISI Data Citation Index, making datasets searchable and linking them to published articles. Yet access to data resources and tracking the resulting altmetrics depend on specific qualities of the datasets and the systems where they are archived. Though research on altmetrics use is growing, the lack of standardization across datasets and system architecture undermines its generalizability. Without some standards, stakeholders' adoption of altmetrics will be limited
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