Improving Sustainable Mobility through Modal Rewarding: The GOOD_GO Smart Platform

Private car mobility registers today a h igh accident rate and around 70% of the overall CO2 emissions from transport were generated by road mode split (European Commission, 2016). Moreover, in urban areas they occur 38% of the overall fatalities from road transport, and 23% of the overall CO2 emissions (European Commission, 2013). As a result, a modal shift of at least a part of passenger transport in urban areas, from private car to sustainable transport systems is desirable. This research aims to promote sustainable mobility through two mutually reinforcing "main actions": firstly, there is a r ewarding Open-Source platform, named as GOOD_GO; secondly, there is the SW/HW system connecting to the wide world of private and/or shared bicycles. Through the GOOD_GO platform Web portal and App, a user enters a so called 'social rewarding game' thought to incentive sustainable mobility habits, and gets access to the second item consisting of a system to disincentive bike-theft and based on the passive RFID technology. The low-cost deterrent bike-theft and bike monitoring/tracking system is functional to bring a big number of citizens inside the rewarding game. In 2018, a pilot test has implemented in the city of Livorno (Tuscany, It), and it involved around 1,000 citizens. Results were quite encouraging and today, the cities of Livorno, Pisa and Bolzano will enlarge the incentive system both to home-to-school and home-to-work mobility. The Good_Go platform is an actual M-a-a-S (Mobility-as-a-Service) application, and it becoming a Mobility Management decision system support, jointly with the opportunity of organizing more incentive tenders and rewarding systems types

Sustainable bike-sharing systems: characteristics and commonalities across cases in urban China

Bicycles are a desirable form of transportation for many reasons, including the fact that taking a bicycle is environmentally-friendly, economically cost-effective, a way to keep fit and healthy and, on occasions, an enjoyable social activity. This paper explores the characteristics and commonalities between particular bike-sharing systems in urban areas, with a view to deriving influences on the sustainability of such systems. The empirical study is China and the paper analyses bike-sharing systems in five Chinese cities. China is suffering from the severe negative consequences of high private vehicle usage in large and densely populated cities. Nevertheless a long history of bicycle usage in the country provides great potential for such a green form of travel to be part of public and private transportation. The findings show that bike-sharing systems have varying degrees of success. The configurations which seem the most sustainable consider and integrate elements relating to transport planning, system design and choice of business model. Key conclusions are that those responsible for developing policy and practices in relation to bike-sharing systems need to understand the diverse aspects of value for the stakeholders wishing to engage with such a system. Public bicycle sharing, as a Product Service System, needs to be carefully developed to appreciate the quality and timely interplay between the physical design of the system and the provision of services being offered. Keywords Bike-sharing system; Sustainable development; Sustainability; China; Case studie

D3.3 Business models report

RECIPROCITY aims to transform European cities into climate-resilient and connected, multimodal nodes for smart and clean mobility. The project's innovative four-stage replication approach is designed to showcase and disseminate best practices for sustainable urban development and mobility. As part of this project, the present business model report (D3.3) provides an overview of innovative urban mobility business models that could be tailored to cities in the RECIPROCITY replication ecosystem. The work developed was based upon the work carried-out in WP1-2-4, and aimed to collect and derive the business model patterns for urban mobility and propose a business model portfolio that encourage cross-sector collaboration and create an integrated mobility system. This report is therefore addressed to cities and local authorities that have to meet mobility challenges (i.e. high costs and low margin, broad set of partners, competing with private car) by providing new services to activate and accelerate a sustainable modal shift. It also targets other stakeholders interested in business model concepts applied to cities

Carbon Free Boston: Transportation Technical Report

Part of a series of reports that includes: Carbon Free Boston: Summary Report; Carbon Free Boston: Social Equity Report; Carbon Free Boston: Technical Summary; Carbon Free Boston: Buildings Technical Report; Carbon Free Boston: Waste Technical Report; Carbon Free Boston: Energy Technical Report; Carbon Free Boston: Offsets Technical ReportOVERVIEW: Transportation connects Boston’s workers, residents and tourists to their livelihoods, health care, education, recreation, culture, and other aspects of life quality. In cities, transit access is a critical factor determining upward mobility. Yet many urban transportation systems, including Boston’s, underserve some populations along one or more of those dimensions. Boston has the opportunity and means to expand mobility access to all residents, and at the same time reduce GHG emissions from transportation. This requires the transformation of the automobile-centric system that is fueled predominantly by gasoline and diesel fuel. The near elimination of fossil fuels—combined with more transit, walking, and biking—will curtail air pollution and crashes, and dramatically reduce the public health impact of transportation. The City embarks on this transition from a position of strength. Boston is consistently ranked as one of the most walkable and bikeable cities in the nation, and one in three commuters already take public transportation. There are three general strategies to reaching a carbon-neutral transportation system: • Shift trips out of automobiles to transit, biking, and walking;1 • Reduce automobile trips via land use planning that encourages denser development and affordable housing in transit-rich neighborhoods; • Shift most automobiles, trucks, buses, and trains to zero-GHG electricity. Even with Boston’s strong transit foundation, a carbon-neutral transportation system requires a wholesale change in Boston’s transportation culture. Success depends on the intelligent adoption of new technologies, influencing behavior with strong, equitable, and clearly articulated planning and investment, and effective collaboration with state and regional partners.Published versio

A simulation framework for the design of a station-based bike sharing system

Many cities and towns offer nowadays to citizens a bike sharing system (BSS). When a company starts the service, several decisions have to be taken on the location and size of the rental stations, and the number of vehicles to use to re-balance the bikes in the stations, in addition to the cost and policies for the payment of the service. Also, when the service is in place, it is often necessary to modify it, in many cases to expand it. In this paper, starting from the experience gained in a real-case application, we present a simulation framework to support the tactical decisions in the design or revision of a BSS. We will also present the application of the framework to the case of Bicimia in Brescia, Italy

An Exploratory Scenario for San Francisco to Become A Walking, Bicycling and Transit City

The effects of greenhouse gases (GHGs) on global warming and climate change have become increasingly evident, and the transportation sector is a dominant contributor to GHG emissions which responsible for 13% of the world’s total GHG emissions and more than 21% of overall energy-related CO2 emissions. Cities need sustainable transportation system that integrate new technologies and strategies to provide efficient and effective transit service while reducing its GHG emission and improving its livability. This paper explores a suitable and sustainable transportation scenario for San Francisco to achieve its 2035 goal which is to reduce 1,767,500 metric tons GHG emissions annually. There are three major initiatives in this “Walking, Bicycling and Transit City” scenario, which includes practical non-vehicle transit, large capacity low-carbon public transit, and green vehicle alternative to satisfy the city’s need of mobility while minimizing the impact to the environment. The bike and bus rapid transit integrates the bicycle and bus transit systems to provide efficient and effective public transport service to the city. The public electric vehicle sharing program associated with vehicle to grid technology to replace existing internal combustion vehicles, reduce GHG emissions, lower congestion, as well as maintains people’s need for special mobility. And the smart transportation system integrates new technologies to assist travelers to improve travel safety and travel efficiency

Dublin Smart City Data Integration, Analysis and Visualisation

Data is an important resource for any organisation, to understand the in-depth working and identifying the unseen trends with in the data. When this data is efficiently processed and analysed it helps the authorities to take appropriate decisions based on the derived insights and knowledge, through these decisions the service quality can be improved and enhance the customer experience. A massive growth in the data generation has been observed since two decades. The significant part of this generated data is generated from the dumb and smart sensors. If this raw data is processed in an efficient manner it could uplift the quality levels towards areas such as data mining, data analytics, business intelligence and data visualisation

Prospects for Electric Mobility: Systemic, Economic and Environmental Issues

The transport sector, which is currently almost completely based on fossil fuels, is one of the major contributors to greenhouse gas emissions. Heading towards a more sustainable development of mobility could be possible with more energy efficient automotive technologies such as battery electric vehicles. The number of electric vehicles has been increasing over the last decade, but there are still many challenges that have to be solved in the future. This Special Issue “Prospects for Electric Mobility: Systemic, Economic and Environmental Issues” contributes to the better understanding of the current situation as well as the future prospects and impediments for electro mobility. The published papers range from historical development of electricity use in different transport modes and the recent challenges up to future perspectives

Models to Enable Estimation of Marginal CO2 Emissions in Electricity Production and Urban Mobility Systems.

CO2 produced from the combustion of fossil fuels for energy production in electricity and transportation sectors is the biggest source of climate change causing greenhouse gases (GHG) in the U.S. GHG mitigation policies will affect how the existing systems operate and methods are necessary to examine the marginal effects and resulting change in CO2 emissions to evaluate the effectiveness of these policies. This dissertation develops models of electricity production and commuters’ choice of travel modes to enable the quantification of marginal CO2 emissions. Electricity production systems constantly balance the demand and supply of electricity while functioning under a set of Operating Constraints (OCs). The model of electricity production developed in this dissertation incorporates major system OCs, which were either excluded or simplified in the previously used models, but are necessary to achieve reliable estimates of marginal CO2 emissions. The model was applied to evaluate the strategy for reducing CO2 emissions through increased utilization of existing Natural Gas (NG) generating units and reduced utilization of more CO2 intensive coal units. The analysis finds that about 27% less reduction in CO2 emissions could be achieved than estimated previously. The role of various OCs in limiting the extent to which CO2 emissions can be reduced is examined to inform future policy decisions. Reducing the use of personal vehicles and increasing the utilization of public transportation and non-motorized modes such as biking has been considered as a CO2 mitigation measure. The second part of the dissertation develops models of commuting mode choices in Portland, Oregon to examine the potential for reducing vehicle miles traveled. The study compares the effectiveness of two mechanisms through which mode choices can be influenced – by varying the attributes of specific modes and by changing attitudes that determine how individuals value these attributes. The study develops a modeling approach that can predict individual-level mode choices as opposed to population level aggregate choices as done in previous studies. Because people can travel for different distances, the ability to predict individual-level choices is necessary to estimate passenger-miles traveled with specific modes and resulting CO2 emissions in a more deterministic manner.PhDDesign ScienceUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/116644/1/vineetr_1.pd