JWalk: a tool for lazy, systematic testing of java classes by design introspection and user interaction

Popular software testing tools, such as JUnit, allow frequent retesting of modified code; yet the manually created test scripts are often seriously incomplete. A unit-testing tool called JWalk has therefore been developed to address the need for systematic unit testing within the context of agile methods. The tool operates directly on the compiled code for Java classes and uses a new lazy method for inducing the changing design of a class on the fly. This is achieved partly through introspection, using Java’s reflection capability, and partly through interaction with the user, constructing and saving test oracles on the fly. Predictive rules reduce the number of oracle values that must be confirmed by the tester. Without human intervention, JWalk performs bounded exhaustive exploration of the class’s method protocols and may be directed to explore the space of algebraic constructions, or the intended design state-space of the tested class. With some human interaction, JWalk performs up to the equivalent of fully automated state-based testing, from a specification that was acquired incrementally

Prioritization Of Implementation Based Testing Technique For Class Under Test

No Abstrac

The Class Validation System

Formal model-based specifications provide precise descriptions of the behavior of software components. These formal specifications are written using pre- and post-condition assertions. They can serve as a basis for formally verifying the correctness of an implementation. But a formal specification is really only useful when it captures the desired functionality. How can the specifier be confident that the specification is correct?;The Abstract Test Tool supports the direct execution of C++ class specifications through the incremental development and automated generation of abstract test cases and the display of abstract results---both in terms of the abstract model used in the specification. The Class Validation System builds upon the Abstract Test Tool to support the automated and extensive testing of C++ class implementations. The Class Validation System provides a potentially one-to-many mapping from abstract test cases to implementation test cases. The results of executing the implementation are automatically compared to the results of executing the specification by mapping the implementation results to the abstract model. Thus, the Class Validation System supports fully automated implementation testing

ASSINATURA DO TESTE ESTRUTURAL (ATE) - MÉTRICA BASEADA EM TESTE FLUXO DE DADOS E ANÁLISE DE MUTANTES SIGNATURE OF THE STRUCTURAL TEST (SST) - METRIC BASED ON DATA FLOW TEST AND MUTANT ANALYSIS

The structural test makes it possible to guarantee the quality of the software  by  analyzing  the  source  code.  In  this  sense,  this  paper presents a new method of structural testing with the application of data   flow   testing   and   mutant   analysis   techniques.   It   is   an arithmetic  model  called  Signature  of  the  Structural  Test  (SSt), which  receives parameters such as variables, operands, operators and   commands,   determines   a   metric   with   the   objective   of detecting   possible   semantic   and   logical   errors   between   the definitions of variables and their uses, such as also, reducing the test paths in the data graph and the mutants generated. The result was favorable to the continuation of the research with other testsand guidance for the construction of an appropriate tool.O teste estrutural possibilita garantir a qualidade do software pela análise do código fonte. Nesse sentido, este trabalho apresenta um novo método de teste estrutural com a aplicação das técnicas teste fluxo de dados e análise de mutantes. Trata-se de um modelo aritmético intitulado Assinatura do Teste  Estrutural  (AtE),  que recebe parâmetros como variáveis, operandos, operadores e comandos, determina  uma métrica com objetivos de  detectar possíveis erros semânticos e lógicos entre  as definições de variáveis e seus usos, como também, reduzir os caminhos de testes no grafo de dados e os mutantes gerados. O resultado mostrou-se favorável à continuação da pesquisa com outros ensaios edirecionamento para construção de ferramenta apropriada

An Infrastructure to Support Interoperability in Reverse Engineering

An infrastructure that supports interoperability among reverse engineering tools and other software tools is described. The three major components of the infrastructure are: (1) a hierarchy of schemas for low- and middle-level program representation graphs, (2) g4re, a tool chain for reverse engineering C++ programs, and (3) a repository of reverse engineering artifacts, including the previous two components, a test suite, and tools, GXL instances, and XSLT transformations for graphs at each level of the hierarchy. The results of two case studies that investigated the space and time costs incurred by the infrastructure are provided. The results of two empirical evaluations that were performed using the api module of g4re, and were focused on computation of object-oriented metrics and three-dimensional visualization of class template diagrams, respectively, are also provided

Genetic Improvement of Software: From Program Landscapes to the Automatic Improvement of a Live System

In today’s technology driven society, software is becoming increasingly important in more areas of our lives. The domain of software extends beyond the obvious domain of computers, tablets, and mobile phones. Smart devices and the internet-of-things have inspired the integra- tion of digital and computational technology into objects that some of us would never have guessed could be possible or even necessary. Fridges and freezers connected to social media sites, a toaster activated with a mobile phone, physical buttons for shopping, and verbally asking smart speakers to order a meal to be delivered. This is the world we live in and it is an exciting time for software engineers and computer scientists. The sheer volume of code that is currently in use has long since outgrown beyond the point of any hope for proper manual maintenance. The rate of which mobile application stores such as Google’s and Apple’s have expanded is astounding. The research presented here aims to shed a light on an emerging field of research, called Genetic Improvement ( GI ) of software. It is a methodology to change program code to improve existing software. This thesis details a framework for GI that is then applied to explore fitness landscape of bug fixing Python software, reduce execution time in a C ++ program, and integrated into a live system. We show that software is generally not fragile and although fitness landscapes for GI are flat they are not impossible to search in. This conclusion applies equally to bug fixing in small programs as well as execution time improvements. The framework’s application is shown to be transportable between programming languages with minimal effort. Additionally, it can be easily integrated into a system that runs a live web service. The work within this thesis was funded by EPSRC grant EP/J017515/1 through the DAASE project

Enfoque para pruebas de unidad basado en la generación aleatoria de objetos

El testing del software es una tarea crucial y a la vez muy desafiante dentro del proceso de desarrollo de software. El testing permite encontrar errores y problemas del software contra la especificación del mismo y cumple un rol fundamental en el aseguramiento de la calidad del producto. Entre los tipos de pruebas que se pueden realizar al software están las pruebas de unidad, carga, integración y funcionales. Cada una de ellas tiene distintos objetivos y son realizadas en diferentes etapas del desarrollo del software. En el primer tipo mencionado, se desarrollan pruebas a componentes individuales de un sistema de software. Los desarrolladores especifican y codifican pruebas para cubrir todos o al menos una parte significativa de los posibles estados/configuraciones del artefacto o unidad de software, para simular el entorno del componente y descubrir la presencia de errores o “bugs”. Dado que escribir todas esas pruebas de forma manual es costoso, las pruebas de unidad son generalmente realizadas de manera ineficiente o simplemente dejadas de lado. El panorama es aún peor, más allá del esfuerzo, porque el testing no puede ser usado para probar la usencia de errores en el software sino tan solo la presencia. Por eso es necesario atacar el problema desde diferentes enfoques, cada uno teniendo sus fortalezas y ventajas. Actualmente existen muchas técnicas para hacer testing de software, y la mayoría de ellos se basan en la automatización de pasos o caminos de ejecución, con valores fijos o componentes predefinidos (hard-coded) o estáticos, y condiciones específicas. En este trabajo de maestría, se presenta un enfoque para pruebas de unidad en la programación orientada a objetos, basado en la generación de objetos de manera aleatoria. El fundamento básico de este enfoque propuesto es el testing aleatorio. También se presenta una herramienta de testing de unidad que usa el enfoque dicho, y que fue escrita en un lenguaje orientado a objetos de amplia difusión. El testing aleatorio (RT o random testing) como técnica no es nueva. Tampoco lo es la generación de valores aleatorios para pruebas. En el paradigma funcional, existe una herramienta muy conocida para probar especificaciones sobre funciones llamada QuickCheck. Ésta herramienta (escrita en Haskell) y sus ideas subyacentes son usadas como fundamento para la herramienta creada en este trabajo. La herramienta desarrollada en el presente trabajo cubre además características que existen en el paradigma orientado a objetos de manera inherente, tales como el estado de los objetos (en particular los objetos singleton con estado), clases abstractas e interfaces, que no existen en la programación funcional pura. La constribución de este trabajo de maestría es la presentación de una forma alternativa de realizar tests de unidad en la programación orientada a objetos (POO), basada en un trabajo anterior para el paradigma funcional. También se presenta una herramienta llamada YAQC4J que plasma esas ideas en un lenguaje orientado a objetos de amplia difusión. Finalmente se incluyen ejemplos que ilustran el uso de la herramienta, y se presenta una comparación con herramientas existentes que han intentado implementar el enfoque de testing. Este trabajo está dirigido a los desarrolladores de software interesados en conocer soluciones alternativas para el testing de unidad, y al mismo tiempo una forma complementaria a las ya existentes para pruebas de unidad.Facultad de Informátic

Automatic software generation and improvement through search based techniques

Writing software is a difficult and expensive task. Its automation is hence very valuable. Search algorithms have been successfully used to tackle many software engineering problems. Unfortunately, for some problems the traditional techniques have been of only limited scope, and search algorithms have not been used yet. We hence propose a novel framework that is based on a co-evolution of programs and test cases to tackle these difficult problems. This framework can be used to tackle software engineering tasks such as Automatic Refinement, Fault Correction and Improving Non-functional Criteria. These tasks are very difficult, and their automation in literature has been limited. To get a better understanding of how search algorithms work, there is the need of a theoretical foundation. That would help to get better insight of search based software engineering. We provide first theoretical analyses for search based software testing, which is one of the main components of our co-evolutionary framework. This thesis gives the important contribution of presenting a novel framework, and we then study its application to three difficult software engineering problems. In this thesis we also give the important contribution of defining a first theoretical foundation.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo