Audio-Visual Person Authentication with Multiple Visualized-Speech Features and Multiple Face Profiles

Abstract We present an Audio-visua

A Systematic Study and Empirical Analysis of Lip Reading Models using Traditional and Deep Learning Algorithms

Despite the fact that there are many applications for analyzing and recreating the audio through existinglip movement recognition, the researchers have shown the interest in developing the automatic lip-readingsystems to achieve the increased performance. Modelling of the framework has been playing a major role inadvance yield of sequential framework. In recent years there have been lot of interest in Deep Neural Networks(DNN) and break through results in various domains including Image Classification, Speech Recognition andNatural Language Processing. To represents complex functions DNNs are used and also they play a vital rolein Automatic Lip Reading (ALR) systems. This paper mainly focuses on the traditional pixel, shape and mixedfeature extractions and their improved technologies for lip reading recognitions. It highlights the mostimportant techniques and progression from end-to-end deep learning architectures that were evolved duringthe past decade. The investigation points out the voice-visual databases that are used for analyzing and trainthe system with the most common words and the count of speakers and the size, length of the language andtime duration. On the flip side, ALR systems developed were compared with their old-style systems. Thestatistical analysis is performed to recognize the characters or numerals and words or sentences in English andcompared their performances

Framework for the Integration of Mobile Device Features in PLM

Currently, companies have covered their business processes with stationary workstations while mobile business applications have limited relevance. Companies can cover their overall business processes more time-efficiently and cost-effectively when they integrate mobile users in workflows using mobile device features. The objective is a framework that can be used to model and control business applications for PLM processes using mobile device features to allow a totally new user experience

State of the art in privacy preservation in video data

Active and Assisted Living (AAL) technologies and services are a possible solution to address the crucial challenges regarding health and social care resulting from demographic changes and current economic conditions. AAL systems aim to improve quality of life and support independent and healthy living of older and frail people. AAL monitoring systems are composed of networks of sensors (worn by the users or embedded in their environment) processing elements and actuators that analyse the environment and its occupants to extract knowledge and to detect events, such as anomalous behaviours, launch alarms to tele-care centres, or support activities of daily living, among others. Therefore, innovation in AAL can address healthcare and social demands while generating economic opportunities. Recently, there has been far-reaching advancements in the development of video-based devices with improved processing capabilities, heightened quality, wireless data transfer, and increased interoperability with Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Computer vision gives the possibility to monitor an environment and report on visual information, which is commonly the most straightforward and human-like way of describing an event, a person, an object, interactions and actions. Therefore, cameras can offer more intelligent solutions for AAL but they may be considered intrusive by some end users. The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) establishes the obligation for technologies to meet the principles of data protection by design and by default. More specifically, Article 25 of the GDPR requires that organizations must "implement appropriate technical and organizational measures [...] which are designed to implement data protection principles [...] , in an effective manner and to integrate the necessary safeguards into [data] processing.” Thus, AAL solutions must consider privacy-by-design methodologies in order to protect the fundamental rights of those being monitored. Different methods have been proposed in the latest years to preserve visual privacy for identity protection. However, in many AAL applications, where mostly only one person would be present (e.g. an older person living alone), user identification might not be an issue; concerns are more related to the disclosure of appearance (e.g. if the person is dressed/naked) and behaviour, what we called bodily privacy. Visual obfuscation techniques, such as image filters, facial de-identification, body abstraction, and gait anonymization, can be employed to protect privacy and agreed upon by the users ensuring they feel comfortable. Moreover, it is difficult to ensure a high level of security and privacy during the transmission of video data. If data is transmitted over several network domains using different transmission technologies and protocols, and finally processed at a remote location and stored on a server in a data center, it becomes demanding to implement and guarantee the highest level of protection over the entire transmission and storage system and for the whole lifetime of the data. The development of video technologies, increase in data rates and processing speeds, wide use of the Internet and cloud computing as well as highly efficient video compression methods have made video encryption even more challenging. Consequently, efficient and robust encryption of multimedia data together with using efficient compression methods are important prerequisites in achieving secure and efficient video transmission and storage.This publication is based upon work from COST Action GoodBrother - Network on Privacy-Aware Audio- and Video-Based Applications for Active and Assisted Living (CA19121), supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology). COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) is a funding agency for research and innovation networks. Our Actions help connect research initiatives across Europe and enable scientists to grow their ideas by sharing them with their peers. This boosts their research, career and innovation. www.cost.e

Presentation adaptation for multimodal interface systems: Three essays on the effectiveness of user-centric content and modality adaptation

The use of devices is becoming increasingly ubiquitous and the contexts of their users more and more dynamic. This often leads to situations where one communication channel is rather impractical. Text-based communication is particularly inconvenient when the hands are already occupied with another task. Audio messages induce privacy risks and may disturb other people if used in public spaces. Multimodal interfaces thus offer users the flexibility to choose between multiple interaction modalities. While the choice of a suitable input modality lies in the hands of the users, they may also require output in a different modality depending on their situation. To adapt the output of a system to a particular context, rules are needed that specify how information should be presented given the users’ situation and state. Therefore, this thesis tests three adaptation rules that – based on observations from cognitive science – have the potential to improve the interaction with an application by adapting the presented content or its modality. Following modality alignment, the output (audio versus visual) of a smart home display is matched with the user’s input (spoken versus manual) to the system. Experimental evaluations reveal that preferences for an input modality are initially too unstable to infer a clear preference for either interaction modality. Thus, the data shows no clear relation between the users’ modality choice for the first interaction and their attitude towards output in different modalities. To apply multimodal redundancy, information is displayed in multiple modalities. An application of the rule in a video conference reveals that captions can significantly reduce confusion. However, the effect is limited to confusion resulting from language barriers, whereas contradictory auditory reports leave the participants in a state of confusion independent of whether captions are available or not. We therefore suggest to activate captions only when the facial expression of a user – captured by action units, expressions of positive or negative affect, and a reduced blink rate – implies that the captions effectively improve comprehension. Content filtering in movies puts the character into the spotlight that – according to the distribution of their gaze to elements in the previous scene – the users prefer. If preferences are predicted with machine learning classifiers, this has the potential to significantly improve the user’ involvement compared to scenes of elements that the user does not prefer. Focused attention is additionally higher compared to scenes in which multiple characters take a lead role

CHORUS Deliverable 2.2: Second report - identification of multi-disciplinary key issues for gap analysis toward EU multimedia search engines roadmap

After addressing the state-of-the-art during the first year of Chorus and establishing the existing landscape in multimedia search engines, we have identified and analyzed gaps within European research effort during our second year. In this period we focused on three directions, notably technological issues, user-centred issues and use-cases and socio- economic and legal aspects. These were assessed by two central studies: firstly, a concerted vision of functional breakdown of generic multimedia search engine, and secondly, a representative use-cases descriptions with the related discussion on requirement for technological challenges. Both studies have been carried out in cooperation and consultation with the community at large through EC concertation meetings (multimedia search engines cluster), several meetings with our Think-Tank, presentations in international conferences, and surveys addressed to EU projects coordinators as well as National initiatives coordinators. Based on the obtained feedback we identified two types of gaps, namely core technological gaps that involve research challenges, and “enablers”, which are not necessarily technical research challenges, but have impact on innovation progress. New socio-economic trends are presented as well as emerging legal challenges

Ubiquitous Computing

The aim of this book is to give a treatment of the actively developed domain of Ubiquitous computing. Originally proposed by Mark D. Weiser, the concept of Ubiquitous computing enables a real-time global sensing, context-aware informational retrieval, multi-modal interaction with the user and enhanced visualization capabilities. In effect, Ubiquitous computing environments give extremely new and futuristic abilities to look at and interact with our habitat at any time and from anywhere. In that domain, researchers are confronted with many foundational, technological and engineering issues which were not known before. Detailed cross-disciplinary coverage of these issues is really needed today for further progress and widening of application range. This book collects twelve original works of researchers from eleven countries, which are clustered into four sections: Foundations, Security and Privacy, Integration and Middleware, Practical Applications