A general algebraic algorithm for blind extraction of one source in a MIMO convolutive mixture

International audienceThe paper deals with the problem of blind source extraction from a MIMO convolutive mixture. We define a new criterion for source extraction which uses higher-order contrast functions based on so called reference signals. It generalizes existing reference-based contrasts. In order to optimize the new criterion, we propose a general algebraic algorithm based on best rank-1 tensor approximation. Computer simulations illustrate the good behavior and the interest of our algorithm in comparison with other approaches

Semi-blind source extraction algorithm for fetal electrocardiogram based on generalized autocorrelations and reference signals

AbstractBlind source extraction (BSE) has become one of the promising methods in the field of signal processing and analysis, which only desires to extract “interesting” source signals with specific stochastic property or features so as to save lots of computing time and resources. This paper addresses BSE problem, in which desired source signals have some available reference signals. Based on this prior information, we develop an objective function for extraction of temporally correlated sources. Maximizing this objective function, a semi-blind source extraction fixed-point algorithm is proposed. Simulations on artificial electrocardiograph (ECG) signals and the real-world ECG data demonstrate the better performance of the new algorithm. Moreover, comparisons with existing algorithms further indicate the validity of our new algorithm, and also show its robustness to the estimated error of time delay

New Negentropy Optimization Schemes for Blind Signal Extraction of Complex Valued Sources

Blind signal extraction, a hot issue in the field of communication signal processing, aims to retrieve the sources through the optimization of contrast functions. Many contrasts based on higher-order statistics such as kurtosis, usually behave sensitive to outliers. Thus, to achieve robust results, nonlinear functions are utilized as contrasts to approximate the negentropy criterion, which is also a classical metric for non-Gaussianity. However, existing methods generally have a high computational cost, hence leading us to address the problem of efficient optimization of contrast function. More precisely, we design a novel “reference-based” contrast function based on negentropy approximations, and then propose a new family of algorithms (Alg.1 and Alg.2) to maximize it. Simulations confirm the convergence of our method to a separating solution, which is also analyzed in theory. We also validate the theoretic complexity analysis that Alg.2 has a much lower computational cost than Alg.1 and existing optimization methods based on negentropy criterion. Finally, experiments for the separation of single sideband signals illustrate that our method has good prospects in real-world applications

Extraction of the atrial activity from the ECG based on independent component analysis with prior knowledge of the source kurtosis signs

In this work it will be shown that a contrast for independent component analysis based on prior knowledge of the source kurtosis signs (ica-sks) is able to extract atrial activity from the electrocardiogram when a constrained updating is introduced. A spectral concentration measure is used, only allowing signal pair updates when spectral concentration augments. This strategy proves to be valid for independent source extraction with priors on the spectral concentration. Moreover, the method is computationally attractive with a very low complexity compared to the recently proposed methods based on spatiotemporal extraction of the atrial fibrillation signal

Novel hybrid extraction systems for fetal heart rate variability monitoring based on non-invasive fetal electrocardiogram

This study focuses on the design, implementation and subsequent verification of a new type of hybrid extraction system for noninvasive fetal electrocardiogram (NI-fECG) processing. The system designed combines the advantages of individual adaptive and non-adaptive algorithms. The pilot study reviews two innovative hybrid systems called ICA-ANFIS-WT and ICA-RLS-WT. This is a combination of independent component analysis (ICA), adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) algorithm or recursive least squares (RLS) algorithm and wavelet transform (WT) algorithm. The study was conducted on clinical practice data (extended ADFECGDB database and Physionet Challenge 2013 database) from the perspective of non-invasive fetal heart rate variability monitoring based on the determination of the overall probability of correct detection (ACC), sensitivity (SE), positive predictive value (PPV) and harmonic mean between SE and PPV (F1). System functionality was verified against a relevant reference obtained by an invasive way using a scalp electrode (ADFECGDB database), or relevant reference obtained by annotations (Physionet Challenge 2013 database). The study showed that ICA-RLS-WT hybrid system achieve better results than ICA-ANFIS-WT. During experiment on ADFECGDB database, the ICA-RLS-WT hybrid system reached ACC > 80 % on 9 recordings out of 12 and the ICA-ANFIS-WT hybrid system reached ACC > 80 % only on 6 recordings out of 12. During experiment on Physionet Challenge 2013 database the ICA-RLS-WT hybrid system reached ACC > 80 % on 13 recordings out of 25 and the ICA-ANFIS-WT hybrid system reached ACC > 80 % only on 7 recordings out of 25. Both hybrid systems achieve provably better results than the individual algorithms tested in previous studies.Web of Science713178413175

New kurtosis optimization schemes for MISO equalization

International audienceThis paper deals with efficient optimization of cumulant based contrast functions. Such a problem occurs in the blind source separation framework, where contrast functions are criteria to be maximized in order to retrieve the sources. More precisely, we focus on the extraction of one source signal and our method applies in deflation approaches, where the sources are extracted one by one. We propose new methods to maximize the kurtosis contrast function. These methods are intermediate between a gradient and an iterative "fixed-point" optimization of so-called reference contrasts. They rely on iterative updates of the parameters which monotonically increase the contrast function value: we point out the strong similarity with the Expectation-Maximization (EM) method and with recent generalizations referred to as Minimization-Maximization (MM). We also prove the global convergence of the algorithm to a stationary point. Simulations confirm the convergence of our methods to a separating solution. They also show experimentally that our methods have a much lower computational cost than former classical optimization methods. Finally, simulations suggest that the methods remain valid under weaker conditions than those required for proving convergence

Implementation strategies for hyperspectral unmixing using Bayesian source separation

Bayesian Positive Source Separation (BPSS) is a useful unsupervised approach for hyperspectral data unmixing, where numerical non-negativity of spectra and abundances has to be ensured, such in remote sensing. Moreover, it is sensible to impose a sum-to-one (full additivity) constraint to the estimated source abundances in each pixel. Even though non-negativity and full additivity are two necessary properties to get physically interpretable results, the use of BPSS algorithms has been so far limited by high computation time and large memory requirements due to the Markov chain Monte Carlo calculations. An implementation strategy which allows one to apply these algorithms on a full hyperspectral image, as typical in Earth and Planetary Science, is introduced. Effects of pixel selection, the impact of such sampling on the relevance of the estimated component spectra and abundance maps, as well as on the computation times, are discussed. For that purpose, two different dataset have been used: a synthetic one and a real hyperspectral image from Mars.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures, submitted to IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing in the special issue on Hyperspectral Image and Signal Processing (WHISPERS