11,842 research outputs found
The Spatial Evolution of Innovation Networks: A Proximity Perspective
We propose an evolutionary perspective on the geography of network formation that is grounded in a dynamic proximity framework. In doing so, we root the proximity concept in an evolutionary approach to the geography of innovation networks. We discuss three topics. The first topic focuses on explaining the structure of networks. The second topic concentrates on explaining the effects of networks on the performance of actors. The third topic deals with the changing role of proximity dimensions in the formation and performance of innovation networks in the longer run.evolutionary economic geography, knowledge networks, innovation networks, dynamic proximity
The emerging empirics of evolutionary economic geography
Following last decadeâs programmatic papers on Evolutionary Economic Geography, we report on recent empirical advances and how this empirical work can be positioned vis-Ă -vis other strands of research in economic geography. First, we review studies on the path dependent nature of clustering, and how the evolutionary perspective relates to that of New Economic Geography. Second, we discuss research on agglomeration externalities in Regional Science, and how Evolutionary Economic Geography contributed to this literature with the concepts of cognitive proximity and related variety. Third, we go into the role of institutions in Evolutionary Economic Geography, and we relate this to the way Institutional Economic Geography tends to view institutions. From this discussion, a number of new research challenges are derived.evolutionary economic geography, clusters, related variety, institutions
The emerging empirics of evolutionary economic geography
Following last decadeĂs programmatic papers on Evolutionary Economic Geography, we report on recent empirical advances and how this empirical work can be positioned vis-Ë-vis other strands of research in economic geography. First, we review studies on the path dependent nature of clustering, and how the evolutionary perspective relates to that of New Economic Geography. Second, we discuss research on agglomeration externalities in Regional Science, and how Evolutionary Economic Geography contributed to this literature with the concepts of cognitive proximity and related variety. Third, we go into the role of institutions in Evolutionary Economic Geography, and we relate this to the way Institutional Economic Geography tends to view institutions. From this discussion, a number of new research challenges are derived.evolutionary economic geography, clusters, related variety, institutions, regional branching
A problem-structuring model for analyzing transportationâenvironment relationships
This is the post-print version of the final paper published in European Journal of Operational Research. The published article is available from the link below. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. Copyright @ 2009 Elsevier B.V.This study discusses a decision support framework that guides policy makers in their strategic transportation related decisions by using multi-methodology. For this purpose, a methodology for analyzing the effects of transportation policies on environment, society, economy, and energy is proposed. In the proposed methodology, a three-stage problem structuring model is developed. Initially, expertsâ opinions are structured by using a cognitive map to determine the relationships between transportation and environmental concepts. Then a structural equation model (SEM) is constructed, based on the cognitive map, to quantify the relations among external transportation and environmental factors. Finally the results of the SEM model are used to evaluate the consequences of possible policies via scenario analysis. In this paper a pilot study that covers only one module of the whole framework, namely transportationâenvironment interaction module, is conducted to present the applicability and usefulness of the methodology. This pilot study also reveals the impacts of transportation policies on the environment. To achieve a sustainable transportation system, the extent of the relationships between transportation and the environment must be considered. The World Development Indicators developed by the World Bank are used for this purpose
A Data-driven Methodology Towards Mobility- and Traffic-related Big Spatiotemporal Data Frameworks
Human population is increasing at unprecedented rates, particularly in urban areas. This increase, along with the rise of a more economically empowered middle class, brings new and complex challenges to the mobility of people within urban areas. To tackle such challenges, transportation and mobility authorities and operators are trying to adopt innovative Big Data-driven Mobility- and Traffic-related solutions. Such solutions will help decision-making processes that aim to ease the load on an already overloaded transport infrastructure. The information collected from day-to-day mobility and traffic can help to mitigate some of such mobility challenges in urban areas.
Road infrastructure and traffic management operators (RITMOs) face several limitations to effectively extract value from the exponentially growing volumes of mobility- and traffic-related Big Spatiotemporal Data (MobiTrafficBD) that are being acquired and gathered. Research about the topics of Big Data, Spatiotemporal Data and specially MobiTrafficBD is scattered, and existing literature does not offer a concrete, common methodological approach to setup, configure, deploy and use a complete Big Data-based framework to manage the lifecycle of mobility-related spatiotemporal data, mainly focused on geo-referenced time series (GRTS) and spatiotemporal events (ST Events), extract value from it and support decision-making
processes of RITMOs.
This doctoral thesis proposes a data-driven, prescriptive methodological approach towards the design, development and deployment of MobiTrafficBD Frameworks focused on GRTS and ST Events. Besides a thorough literature review on Spatiotemporal Data, Big Data and the merging of these two fields through MobiTraffiBD, the methodological approach comprises a set of general characteristics, technical requirements, logical components, data flows and technological infrastructure models, as well as guidelines and best practices that aim to guide researchers, practitioners and stakeholders, such as RITMOs, throughout the design, development and deployment phases of any MobiTrafficBD Framework.
This work is intended to be a supporting methodological guide, based on widely used
Reference Architectures and guidelines for Big Data, but enriched with inherent characteristics
and concerns brought about by Big Spatiotemporal Data, such as in the case of GRTS and ST
Events. The proposed methodology was evaluated and demonstrated in various real-world
use cases that deployed MobiTrafficBD-based Data Management, Processing, Analytics and
Visualisation methods, tools and technologies, under the umbrella of several research projects
funded by the European Commission and the Portuguese Government.A população humana cresce a um ritmo sem precedentes, particularmente nas åreas urbanas.
Este aumento, aliado ao robustecimento de uma classe média com maior poder económico,
introduzem novos e complexos desafios na mobilidade de pessoas em ĂĄreas urbanas. Para
abordar estes desafios, autoridades e operadores de transportes e mobilidade estĂŁo a adotar
soluçÔes inovadoras no domĂnio dos sistemas de Dados em Larga Escala nos domĂnios da
Mobilidade e Tråfego. Estas soluçÔes irão apoiar os processos de decisão com o intuito de libertar uma infraestrutura de estradas e transportes jå sobrecarregada. A informação colecionada da mobilidade diåria e da utilização da infraestrutura de estradas pode ajudar na mitigação de alguns dos desafios da mobilidade urbana.
Os operadores de gestĂŁo de trĂąnsito e de infraestruturas de estradas (em inglĂȘs, road infrastructure and traffic management operators â RITMOs) estĂŁo limitados no que toca a extrair valor de um sempre crescente volume de Dados Espaciotemporais em Larga Escala no domĂnio da Mobilidade e TrĂĄfego (em inglĂȘs, Mobility- and Traffic-related Big Spatiotemporal Data âMobiTrafficBD) que estĂŁo a ser colecionados e recolhidos. Os trabalhos de investigação sobre os tĂłpicos de Big Data, Dados Espaciotemporais e, especialmente, de MobiTrafficBD, estĂŁo dispersos, e a literatura existente nĂŁo oferece uma metodologia comum e concreta para preparar, configurar, implementar e usar uma plataforma (framework) baseada em tecnologias Big Data para gerir o ciclo de vida de dados espaciotemporais em larga escala, com ĂȘnfase nas sĂ©rie temporais georreferenciadas (em inglĂȘs, geo-referenced time series â GRTS) e eventos espacio-
temporais (em inglĂȘs, spatiotemporal events â ST Events), extrair valor destes dados e apoiar os
RITMOs nos seus processos de decisĂŁo.
Esta dissertação doutoral propĂ”e uma metodologia prescritiva orientada a dados, para o design, desenvolvimento e implementação de plataformas de MobiTrafficBD, focadas em GRTS e ST Events. AlĂ©m de uma revisĂŁo de literatura completa nas ĂĄreas de Dados Espaciotemporais, Big Data e na junção destas ĂĄreas atravĂ©s do conceito de MobiTrafficBD, a metodologia proposta contem um conjunto de caracterĂsticas gerais, requisitos tĂ©cnicos, componentes lĂłgicos, fluxos de dados e modelos de infraestrutura tecnolĂłgica, bem como diretrizes e boas
prĂĄticas para investigadores, profissionais e outras partes interessadas, como RITMOs, com o
objetivo de guiå-los pelas fases de design, desenvolvimento e implementação de qualquer pla-
taforma MobiTrafficBD.
Este trabalho deve ser visto como um guia metodolĂłgico de suporte, baseado em Arqui-
teturas de ReferĂȘncia e diretrizes amplamente utilizadas, mas enriquecido com as caracterĂsti-
cas e assuntos implĂcitos relacionados com Dados Espaciotemporais em Larga Escala, como
no caso de GRTS e ST Events. A metodologia proposta foi avaliada e demonstrada em vĂĄrios
cenårios reais no ùmbito de projetos de investigação financiados pela Comissão Europeia e
pelo Governo portuguĂȘs, nos quais foram implementados mĂ©todos, ferramentas e tecnologias
nas ĂĄreas de GestĂŁo de Dados, Processamento de Dados e CiĂȘncia e Visualização de Dados em
plataformas MobiTrafficB
Perspectives of Integrated âNext Industrial Revolutionâ Clusters in Poland and Siberia
RozdziaĆ z: Functioning of the Local Production Systems in Central and Eastern European Countries and Siberia. Case Studies and Comparative Studies, ed. Mariusz E. SokoĆowicz.The paper presents the mapping of potential next industrial revolution clusters in Poland and Siberia. Deindustrialization of the cities and struggles with its consequences are one of the fundamental economic problems in current global economy. Some hope to find an answer to that problem is associated with the idea of next industrial revolution and reindustrialization initiatives. In the paper, projects aimed at developing next industrial revolution clusters are analyzed. The objective of the research was to examine new industrial revolution paradigm as a platform for establishing university-based trans-border industry clusters in Poland and Siberia47 and to raise awareness of next industry revolution initiatives.Monograph financed under a contract of execution of the international scientific project within 7th Framework Programme of the European Union, co-financed by Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education (title: âFunctioning of the Local Production Systems in the Conditions of Economic Crisis (Comparative Analysis and Benchmarking for the EU and Beyondâ)). Monografia sfinansowana w oparciu o umowÄ o wykonanie projektu miÄdzy narodowego w ramach 7. Programu Ramowego UE, wspĂłĆfinansowanego ze ĆrodkĂłw Ministerstwa Nauki i Szkolnictwa WyĆŒszego (tytuĆ projektu: âFunkcjonowanie lokalnych systemĂłw produkcyjnych w warunkach kryzysu gospodarczego (analiza porĂłwnawcza i benchmarking w wybranych krajach UE oraz krajach trzecichâ))
Towards a Novel Cooperative Logistics Information System Framework
Supply Chains and Logistics have a growing importance in global economy.
Supply Chain Information Systems over the world are heterogeneous and each one
can both produce and receive massive amounts of structured and unstructured
data in real-time, which are usually generated by information systems,
connected objects or manually by humans. This heterogeneity is due to Logistics
Information Systems components and processes that are developed by different
modelling methods and running on many platforms; hence, decision making process
is difficult in such multi-actor environment. In this paper we identify some
current challenges and integration issues between separately designed Logistics
Information Systems (LIS), and we propose a Distributed Cooperative Logistics
Platform (DCLP) framework based on NoSQL, which facilitates real-time
cooperation between stakeholders and improves decision making process in a
multi-actor environment. We included also a case study of Hospital Supply Chain
(HSC), and a brief discussion on perspectives and future scope of work
Evaluating the sustainability dimensions in the food supply chain: Literature review and research routes
none3noNowadays, the world is facing numerous sustainability challenges and the modern food system is called to innovate processes or products in order to remain competitive within the market, as well as answering to strategic government guidelines for a more sustainable food supply chain. This study aims to investigate what the main research routes of a sustainable food supply chain are, explored by the international scientific panorama, with a view for providing companies with a framework of the sustainability paths that can be followed, and, to researchers, gaps and future research routes to explore. A systematic review method is adopted through bibliometric analysis and results were obtained with VOSViewer software support. Descriptive and thematic analyses allowed us to discover the bibliometric characteristics of the sample, the main specific topics and the related research routes already addressed in sustainable food supply chain, the main food supply chain models studied in association with sustainability and the effort employed by academia to investigate the three sustainability dimensions: environmental, economic and social. Concluding, the research field of sustainability in the food supply chain is focused on management issues able to generate impacts on process, systems, practices, production and quality.openLatino M.E.; Menegoli M.; De Giovanni M.Latino, M. E.; Menegoli, M.; De Giovanni, M
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