Cognitive level, quality of life and oral health of a Prader-Willi Syndrome patient - case report with long-term follow-up / Nível cognitivo, qualidade de vida e saúde bucal de um paciente com síndrome de Prader-Willi - Relato de caso com acompanhamento de longo prazo

Introduction: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare, neurobehavioral genetic disorder that alters the child's development. Concerning oral health, PWS patients present dental aspects that are not completely understood. Objectives: The aim of this case report was to describe long-term follow-up of a patient with PWS, regarding to cognitive level, overall self-perceived quality of life and oral health, sleep quality, anxiety trait, and oral condition. Methods: The information about his cognitive ability and socio-behavioral behavior was collected applying the questionnaires: Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), simplified World Health Organization Abbreviated Quality of Life survey (WHOQOL-bref), Sleep Assessment Questionnaire (SAQ), State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-T) Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). The clinical examination was performed according to the WHO methods for oral health surveys. Index of Decayed, Missing or Filled teeth (DMFT) and other changes in mineralized tissues, such as dental fluorosis or erosion, incisor molar hypomineralization, enamel hypoplasia, bruxism, dental trauma and positioning of teeth in dental arches were also recorded. In the periodontal analysis, the visible plaque index, bleeding on probing and final diagnosis of gingivitis were performed. Data about dental occlusion and temporomandibular disorders were also noted. After data collection and clinical examination, a saliva sample was collected to assess salivary flow rate, pH and buffering capacity. Results: The analysis of the questionnaires revealed an individual satisfied with his quality of life, but very anxious. Clinical examination point to gingival inflammation located in the region of anterior teeth, maxillary and mandibular anterior tooth crowding and malocclusion. Salivary parameters were normal. Conclusion: This case report suggests that the PWS patient perceives that his quality of life is good despite his anxiety episodes. Regarding oral health, gingival inflammation and malocclusion are the main problems.

Is Graphics Recognition an Unidentified Scientific Object?

International audienceThis paper summarizes the presentation and discussions at the panel session held at the conclusion of the GREC'07 workshop. After making a short review of where the graphics recognition stands, we raise some questions (hopefully) of interest for the future of this community

Search-Based Evolution of XML Schemas

The use of schemas makes an XML-based application more reliable, since they contribute to avoid failures by defining the specific format for the data that the application manipulates. In practice, when an application evolves, new requirements for the data may be established, raising the need of schema evolution. In some cases the generation of a schema is necessary, if such schema does not exist. To reduce maintenance and reengineering costs, automatic evolution of schemas is very desirable. However, there are no algorithms to satisfactorily solve the problem. To help in this task, this paper introduces a search-based approach that explores the correspondence between schemas and context-free grammars. The approach is supported by a tool, named EXS. Our tool implements algorithms of grammatical inference based on LL(1) Parsing. If a grammar (that corresponds to a schema) is given and a new word (XML document) is provided, the EXS system infers the new grammar that: i) continues to generate the same words as before and ii) generates the new word, by modifying the original grammar. If no initial grammar is available, EXS is also capable of generating a grammar from scratch from a set of samples

Intermuscular Lipoma in Dogs

Background: Lipoma is a benign tumor composed of mature adipose tissue commonly found in subcutaneous tissues. However, eventually, lipomas may be located between the muscle fasciae being classifed as intermuscular lipomas. Complete surgical resection of the tumor mass is indicated as a treatment of affected patients.This report describes fve cases of intermuscular lipoma in dogs, due to the scarcity of data in the literature and lipoma relative importance in the clinical and surgical routine.Case: Five dogs were presented with a history of a large volume in the limbs with progressive growth, suggesting the presence of neoplasia. The frst step was to conduct anamnesis, when the owner reported slow growth, absence of pain, limping and licking of site. No other change was observed upon physical examination. Complete blood count (CBC) as well as liver assessment (FA) and renal (creatinine) were performed in all patients, and the results showed no changes. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was performed and showed cells from adipose tissue, followed by histopathological examination of the lesions. Histopathological examination after incisional biopsy of the tumors showed malignancy-freetissue, composed of adipocytes without atypia, interspersed with fbrovascular stroma, confrming the lipoma diagnosis.Intermuscular lipomas were diagnosed in fve dogs with a history of a large volume in the limbs with progressive growth; all of them underwent bloc resection of the tumors. In all cases, the intermuscular lipomatous tumors were well-circumscribed and easily isolated from the tissues.Discussion: Although lipomas are relatively common in older dogs, especially in the subcutaneous tissue, intermuscular subtype is rare in veterinary medicine, which justifes the report of these cases. Intermuscular lipomas account for only 0.3% of the occurrences in human medicine. Morphologically described as tumors of slow and progressive evolution, typically reaching sizes up to 2 cm in humans, the particular cases of tumor masses greater than 5 cm are called giant lipomas. Theslow development of intermuscular lipomas has also been described in domestic animals by, thus corroborating the clini cal history in this work. The intermuscular septum is considered as the origin of intermuscular lipoma, with subsequent development of the adipose tissue between adjacent muscle bundles, thus, resulting usually in well-circumscribed mass of easy surgical divulsion. The morphological characteristics of the resected lipomas, as well as the simple surgical technique corroborate descriptions in the literature. Intermuscular lipomas consist of a challenging diagnosis despite attracting little attention from surgeons. The possibility of the mass being malignant, such as liposarcoma, should also be consideredsince the clinical symptoms consist of swelling of the deep soft tissues. The diagnosis for all these patients was obtained by histopathological examination, since the simple observation of the clinical fndings alone does not support the tumor diagnosis. Lipoma and liposarcoma should be differentiated by cytological and histopathological evaluations of the neoplasia, whereas infltrative lipomas can be diagnosed based on diagnostic imaging methods or even on the fndings during surgery. In this report, specifcally, the fndings during surgery contributed to the differentiation between infltrative and intermuscular lipoma, while for malignancy rating all patients underwent cytological and histopathological evaluations asindicated in the literature. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that complete resection of intermuscular lipoma proved to be an effective treatment to cure the patients.Keywords: benign neoplasm, surgery, resection of intermuscular, canine

Pharmacists in dispensing drugs (PharmDisp): protocol for a clinical trial to test the effectiveness of distance education in training pharmacists for dispensing drugs

Dispensing drug is a moment in which the pharmacist is able to analyze pharmacotherapy and contribute to its rational use. However, research has shown that some pharmacists lack adequate knowledge to perform this service. This study aims to describe a research protocol for a clinical trial to test the effectiveness of a distance learning program to train pharmacists in dispensing drugs. This is a protocol for an open diagnostic, non-randomized, single group clinical trial. A 12-week duration distance learning course was structured on the Moodle platform for training community pharmacists who are registered in the Regional Board of Pharmacy and work as employees or owners in Brazilian community pharmacies. The course curricula involves concepts and practice of dispensing drugs applied to the treatment of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia and asthma. Pharmacists are divided randomly into groups, to which previously selected tutors give directions to the discussion and clarify questions. A validated questionnaire is being used before and after the course to measure participants’ knowledge. Participant satisfaction with the course is also being measured. Pharmacists who work in the study headquarters municipality receive two visits from a mystery shopper, before and after the course, to evaluate their performance in dispensing drugs. The virtual platform and the content of the course material were evaluated by judges. The study has been approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo. The sample size was estimated to provide desired power for testing the significance of the difference between baseline-to-endpoint change scores. Information about the course is being released through channels such as social networks. The results will be submitted for publication in scientific journals, but information enabling the identification of the study subjects will be kept confidential. The trial has been registered in The Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry with number RBR7mbrp3 on January 15th, 2015

World Health Organization guidelines, the COVID-19 pandemic, and transnational law

The reflections within this paper discuss the importance of transnational law, following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, considerations are made about the transnational law produced by the World Health Organisation (“WHO”) against COVID-19. Also, an analysis will be made of the central categories and their relationship with the prefix “trans” and transnational law. Subsequently, the WHO as an entity is discussed along with its emergence and performance in the elaboration of a transnational legal framework, which is to be considered when internalising its guidelines by each Member State. In the context of final considerations, it is emphasised that, in addition to the importance that should be attributed to transnational law, the work of WHO, as a transnational actor, practices materialised acts such as transnational law, both in terms of guidance and in connection with public health matters. The methodology used was based on the inductive method, using the bibliographic research

ARG based on arcs and segments to improve the symbol recognition by genetic algorithm

URL : http://www.buyans.com/pol/UploadedFile/147_4410.pdfInternational audienceIn this paper a genetic matching scheme is extended to take into account primitive arcs and complex description in the pattern recognition process. Classical ways only focus on segments and are sensitive to over segmentation effect. Our approach allows to improve the recognition by handling more accurate description and also to decrease processing time by limiting the number of vertices to match. Experimental studies using real data attest the robustness of our approach

End-to-End Neural Optical Music Recognition of Monophonic Scores

[EN] Optical Music Recognition is a field of research that investigates how to computationally decode music notation from images. Despite the efforts made so far, there are hardly any complete solutions to the problem. In this work, we study the use of neural networks that work in an end-to-end manner. This is achieved by using a neural model that combines the capabilities of convolutional neural networks, which work on the input image, and recurrent neural networks, which deal with the sequential nature of the problem. Thanks to the use of the the so-called Connectionist Temporal Classification loss function, these models can be directly trained from input images accompanied by their corresponding transcripts into music symbol sequences. We also present the Printed Images of Music Staves (PrIMuS) dataset, containing more than 80,000 monodic single-staff real scores in common western notation, that is used to train and evaluate the neural approach. In our experiments, it is demonstrated that this formulation can be carried out successfully. Additionally, we study several considerations about the codification of the output musical sequences, the convergence and scalability of the neural models, as well as the ability of this approach to locate symbols in the input score.This work was supported by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada, and the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad through Project HISPAMUS Ref. No. TIN2017-86576-R (supported by UE FEDER funds).Calvo-Zaragoza, J.; Rizo, D. (2018). End-to-End Neural Optical Music Recognition of Monophonic Scores. Applied Sciences. 8(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/app8040606S8

Robust Circular Arc Detection

International audienceIn this paper we present a method to robustly detect circular arcs in a line drawing image. The method is fast, robust and very reliable, and is capable of assessing the quality of its detection. It is based on Random Sample Consensus minimization, and uses techniques that are inspired from object tracking in image sequences. It is based on simple initial guesses, either based on connected line segments, or on elementary mainstream arc detection algorithms. Our method consists of gradually deforming these circular arc candidates as to precisely fit onto the image strokes, or to reject them if the fitting is not possible, this virtually eliminates spurious detections on the one hand, and avoiding non-detections on the other hand