A Taxonomy of Workflow Management Systems for Grid Computing

With the advent of Grid and application technologies, scientists and engineers are building more and more complex applications to manage and process large data sets, and execute scientific experiments on distributed resources. Such application scenarios require means for composing and executing complex workflows. Therefore, many efforts have been made towards the development of workflow management systems for Grid computing. In this paper, we propose a taxonomy that characterizes and classifies various approaches for building and executing workflows on Grids. We also survey several representative Grid workflow systems developed by various projects world-wide to demonstrate the comprehensiveness of the taxonomy. The taxonomy not only highlights the design and engineering similarities and differences of state-of-the-art in Grid workflow systems, but also identifies the areas that need further research.Comment: 29 pages, 15 figure

Method and Instruments for Modeling Integrated Knowledge

MIMIK (Method and Instruments for Modeling Integrated Knowledge) is a set of tools used to formalize and represent knowledge within organizations. It furthermore supports knowledge creation and sharing within communities of interest or communities of practice. In this paper we show that MIMIK is based on a model theory approach and builds on other existing methods and techniques. We also explain how to use the method and its instruments in order to model strategic objectives, processes, knowledge, and roles found within an organization, as well as relations existing between these elements. Indeed MIMIK provides eight types of models in order to describe what is commonly called know-how, know-why and know-what; it uses matrices in order to formally and semantically link strategic objectives, knowledge and actors. We close this paper with a presentation of a prototype we built in order to demonstrate a technical architecture allowing for knowledge creation, formalization and sharing.knowledge modelling; process modelling; public administration; methodology; knowledge sharing; RSS

Construction et évolution de connaissances par confrontation de points de vue : prototype pour la recherche d'information scientifique

Avec le Web 2.0, les utilisateurs, devenus contributeurs, ont pris une place centrale dans les processus de consommation et de production de connaissances ; cependant la paternité des contributions est souvent perdue lors de l'indexation de l'information. Viewpoints est un formalisme de représentation des connaissances centré sur le point de vue individuel, humain ou artificiel. Nous considérons trois types d'objets de connaissance : les documents (supports), les agents (émetteurs) et les topics (descripteurs). Un viewpoint émis par un agent exprime son opinion sur la proximité entre deux objets. Les viewpoints permettent de définir et de calculer une distance entre objets qui évolue au fil des interactions (requêtes et retours d'utilisation) et de l'ajout de nouveaux viewpoints. Un prototype de moteur de recherche pour des données de publications scientifiques tirées de HAL-LIRMM montre comment Viewpoints peut faire émerger, de façon transparente, une intelligence collective à partir des interactions des utilisateurs contributeurs. (Résumé d'auteur

Partial-order-based process mining: a survey and outlook

The field of process mining focuses on distilling knowledge of the (historical) execution of a process based on the operational event data generated and stored during its execution. Most existing process mining techniques assume that the event data describe activity executions as degenerate time intervals, i.e., intervals of the form [t, t], yielding a strict total order on the observed activity instances. However, for various practical use cases, e.g., the logging of activity executions with a nonzero duration and uncertainty on the correctness of the recorded timestamps of the activity executions, assuming a partial order on the observed activity instances is more appropriate. Using partial orders to represent process executions, i.e., based on recorded event data, allows for new classes of process mining algorithms, i.e., aware of parallelism and robust to uncertainty. Yet, interestingly, only a limited number of studies consider using intermediate data abstractions that explicitly assume a partial order over a collection of observed activity instances. Considering recent developments in process mining, e.g., the prevalence of high-quality event data and techniques for event data abstraction, the need for algorithms designed to handle partially ordered event data is expected to grow in the upcoming years. Therefore, this paper presents a survey of process mining techniques that explicitly use partial orders to represent recorded process behavior. We performed a keyword search, followed by a snowball sampling strategy, yielding 68 relevant articles in the field. We observe a recent uptake in works covering partial-order-based process mining, e.g., due to the current trend of process mining based on uncertain event data. Furthermore, we outline promising novel research directions for the use of partial orders in the context of process mining algorithms

Method and Instruments for Modeling Integrated Knowledge

International audienceMIMIK (Method and Instruments for Modeling Integrated Knowledge) is a set of tools used to formalize and represent knowledge within organizations. It furthermore supports knowledge creation and sharing within communities of interest or communities of practice. In this paper we show that MIMIK is based on a model theory approach and builds on other existing methods and techniques. We also explain how to use the method and its instruments in order to model strategic objectives, processes, knowledge, and roles found within an organization, as well as relations existing between these elements. Indeed MIMIK provides eight types of models in order to describe what is commonly called know-how, know-why and know-what; it uses matrices in order to formally and semantically link strategic objectives, knowledge and actors. We close this paper with a presentation of a prototype we built in order to demonstrate a technical architecture allowing for knowledge creation, formalization and sharing

The cadastral mapping system of Bukovina: from emergence to GIS integration

In order to support the cartographic activities of the “Stable Cadaster” in Bukovina (Bukowina), the Habsburgs developed a local triangulation network, starting with the measuring of a geodetic baseline north of Rădăuţi (Radautz, Radovec) in 1818. Its western endpoint became the fundamental center of the coordinate system used by the cadastral map sheets of the province until the Second World War, and the monument placed here, in 1820, is nowadays the oldest geodetic monument in Romania. The established triangulation network in Bukovina also sustained the advanced of the modern geodetic activities in nearby areas, especially in Moldova. In contemporary times, precise definition of the Rădăuţi coordinate system, reconstruction of the cadastral index map and use of the geodetic transformation parameters allow the georeferencing and GIS integration of the map sheets without the need of ground control point

The Congress of Vienna, 1814-1815: diplomacy, political culture and sociability

On 29 November 1814, the Austrian Emperor Francis, the Russian Tsar Alexander, and the Prussian King Frederick Wilhelm, along with 6,000 others, attended a concert in Vienna's Redouten Hall; Beethoven personally conducted three of his works: the Seventh symphony, the bombastic ‘Wellington's victory’, and a newly written cantata entitled ‘The glorious moment’. In this cantata, the figure of ‘Vienna’ sings the following words: Oh heaven, what delight! What spectacle greets my gaze! All that the earth holds in high honour Has assembled within my walls! My heart throbs! My tongue stammers! I am Europe – no longer one city

Ontologies on the semantic web

As an informational technology, the World Wide Web has enjoyed spectacular success. In just ten years it has transformed the way information is produced, stored, and shared in arenas as diverse as shopping, family photo albums, and high-level academic research. The “Semantic Web” was touted by its developers as equally revolutionary but has not yet achieved anything like the Web’s exponential uptake. This 17 000 word survey article explores why this might be so, from a perspective that bridges both philosophy and IT