Sub-activity Time-Cost Trade-off Model of Building Structural Beam on the Projects in the North Aceh Region

Problems for both delayed and accelerated activities in scheduling are common in most projects. This problem can implicate on the additional construction cost with different trends as a specific model. A model can provide valuable information to project acceleration judgement. This research aims to develop the TCTO sub-activity model of formwork, rebar work, and concrete work of the building structural beam on the projects in the North Aceh region. We have collected 33 data sourced from the project cost plan report and respondents judgment in the reviewed area. Descriptive statistics and the regression analysis are used to generate the TCTO model. The results show that the activity duration of the structural beam as broken down into sub-activities of formwork, rebar work and concrete work can be compressed until reaching 40%, 50%, and 40% of its normal duration, respectively. The additional cost of the compressed duration for each sub-activity shows the direct incremental cost per days of 3.67%, 3.63%, and 4.27% of its normal cost. Meanwhile, the possible crash cost of each the sub-activities are 122%, 118.15%, 125.61%, respectively. The models practically represent a linear model in the same daily pattern acceleration

Mathematical model of hybrid precast gravity frames for smart construction and engineering

© 2014 Seon-Chee Park et al. The structural stability, constructability, economic feasibility, environmental-friendliness, and energy efficiency of hybrid composite frame systems have been demonstrated by practical application and research. A hybrid composite frame system combines the economy of precast concrete structures with the constructability of steel frame structures, including erection speed. Novel composite frames will ultimately maximize the efficiency of structural design and facilitate construction. This paper presents hybrid precast frames, which are precast composite frames based on a simple connection between precast concrete columns and beams. The hybrid precast frames designed to resist gravity loading consist of PC columns, PC beams, and steel inserted in the precast members. Steel sections located between the precast columns were simply connected to steel inserted at each end of the precast beams. Dynamic analysis of a 15-story building designed with the proposed composite frame was performed to determine the dynamic characteristics of a building constructed of hybrid frames, including frequencies and mode shapes

The Best Jobs for Millennials

"The Best Jobs for Millennials" highlights and ranks the careers that set up young adults for economic security. Young Invincibles analyzed 400 occupations considering three key criteria: their median salaries, projected future growth, and percent of positions held by Millennials. Also included is an analysis of access to the best jobs by gender

Marlene Begaye v. Big D Construction Corp : Brief of Appellant

APPEAL FROM A DECISION OF THE THIRD JUDICIAL DISTRICT COURT; HONORABLE ROBERT HILDE

4D modelling using virtual collaborative planning and scheduling

During the last decades, the introduction of Building Information Models (BIM) has opened new possibilities to ensure better communication and a shared understanding between stakeholders in construction projects. Similar benefits have been found in 4D simulations of the schedule. While BIM and 4D use has seen a steady increase, the potential benefits have not fully been realised, primarily due to tools not supporting and enabling the full potential of collaborative stakeholder involvement in scheduling. The benefits of 4D simulations come from improving communication between stakeholders. While traditional 4D modelling connects an existing BIM model with an existing schedule, a move from this type of passive 4D visualisation toward social co-creation enables all stakeholders to be involved in the scheduling process. This connection is further enhanced with the use of Virtual Reality (VR). Recent research has shown VR to enhance understanding and perception of the space and details and, thus, a better understanding of the project. This paper maps collaborative planning and scheduling method and traditional 4D scheduling using process modelling. This mapping is followed by implementing the 4D collaborative planning and scheduling method in the virtual project planning system with support for a multi-user interactive VR environment. The system enables social co-creation both during the planning and scheduling and during 4D modelling; it improves understanding of the project and the planning and scheduling

YOGYAKARTA PUBLIC LIBRARY BUILDING DESIGN PRACTICE

The final project report prepared by this author aims to design the upper structure of the building, the lower structure of the building and time cost management of the Public Library Building with reinforced concrete that can withstand gravity loads and earthquake loads. The design of this 3-storey Public Library uses the Special Moment Bearing Frame System (SPRMK), with building risk category II and seismic design D. The structural elements designed in this report start from slabs, beams, columns, stairs and foundations, plus time cost management. . The concrete used has fc' = 35 Mpa, and steel reinforcement BJ 37 which has fy = 240 Mpa. The building design follows the Minimum Loading Reference for Buildings and Other Structures in SNI 1727:2020, Building Design Procedures for Concrete Structures in SNI 2847:2019, Specifications for Structural Steel Buildings in SNI 1729:2020 and Procedure for Planning Steel Structure for Buildings in SNI 03-1729-2002. Auxiliary software used in the design of building structures using ETABS, AutoCAD and Microsoft Project. The design process begins with calculating the gravity load, starting from Dead Load which means the weight of the structure itself (Slabs, Columns, Beams, Roofs, Stairs) based on the material and its dimensions. In addition, there are additional dead loads that come from non-structural components such as architectural and MEP which are connected in the building structure. Examples of additional dead loads are tiled floors, wiring, plumbing, windows, doors, door frames and window frames. And lastly, the live load that comes from humans or goods that can move places, which according to SNI 1727:2013 the live load is 4.79 kN/m2. After calculating the gravity load, proceed with the calculation of the earthquake load. Then proceed with the calculation of the combined load, where according to SNI 1726:2019, the combined load is calculated by the formula 1.2DL + 1.6LL, and specifically for the roof there is an additional wind load of 0.5WL. The thickness of the plate used from plate 1 to plate 8 is 120 mm. Plate 2 is a two-way plate, while the other plate is a one-way plate. The beams used have dimensions of 6000 x 500 x 250 mm3. For support and span, 300 x 150 mm and 500 x 500 for sloof beams. The upper and lower supports use 4D-22, the middle support reinforcement uses 2D-22. Top and bottom field reinforcement using 3D-22, and midfield reinforcement using 2D�22. For support stirrups reinforcement using 2D10-40 and field stirrups reinforcement using 2D10-80. Dimensions Column used is 500 x 500 mm2, with 12D-22 longitudinal reinforcement, transverse support reinforcement on the weak axis 6D10-120 and on the strong axis 6D10-120. Transverse field reinforcement on the weak axis 2D10-130 and on the strong axis 2D10-130. In stairs, the main reinforcement used is D13-250 and the shrinkage reinforcement is used D8-250. The foundation used is bore pile with diameter of 40 cm using 10D22-200 and 22D22-200 reinforcement