A randomised, double-blind, four-way, crossover trial comparing the 24-h FEV₁ profile for once-daily versus twice-daily treatment with olodaterol, a novel long-acting β₂-agonist, in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Background: This randomised, double-blind, four-way, crossover, Phase II study compared the 24-h forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) profile of alternative dosing frequencies of two total daily doses of olodaterol (5 and 10 mu g) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: Patients received olodaterol 2 mu g twice daily (BID), 5 mu g BID, 5 mu g once daily (QD) and 10 mu g QD in a randomised sequence over 3-week treatment periods. Co-primary end points were FEV, area under the curve from 0 to 12 h (AUC(0-12)) and area under the curve from 12 to 24 h (AUC(12-24)) responses. Additional lung-function responses, pharmacokinetics and safety were assessed. Results: 47 patients were treated. All olodaterol doses provided significant increases in FEV, versus baseline (p < 0.001) and FEV, time profiles were nearly identical for olodaterol 5 and 10 mu g QD. Olodaterol 5 pg QD demonstrated improved FEV, AUC(0-12) and similar AUC(12-24) versus 2 mu g BID. Olodaterol 5 mu g QD showed slightly increased FEV, AUC(0-12) but lower AUC(12-24) compared to 5 mu g BID. Bronchodilation over 24 h was similar for olodaterol 5 pg QD and BID. All doses were well tolerated. Conclusions: Olodaterol 5 pg QD is efficacious in COPD, with a superior bronchodilatory profile compared to 2 mu g BID, which is close to the same total daily dose, and a similar degree of bronchodilation over 24 h compared with double the daily dose (administered as 10 pg QD or 5 mu g BID)

Different genes interact with particulate matter and tobacco smoke exposure in affecting lung function decline in the general population

BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress related genes modify the effects of ambient air pollution or tobacco smoking on lung function decline. The impact of interactions might be substantial, but previous studies mostly focused on main effects of single genes. OBJECTIVES: We studied the interaction of both exposures with a broad set of oxidative-stress related candidate genes and pathways on lung function decline and contrasted interactions between exposures. METHODS: For 12679 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), change in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV(1)), FEV(1) over forced vital capacity (FEV(1)/FVC), and mean forced expiratory flow between 25 and 75% of the FVC (FEF(25-75)) was regressed on interval exposure to particulate matter >10 microm in diameter (PM10) or packyears smoked (a), additive SNP effects (b), and interaction terms between (a) and (b) in 669 adults with GWAS data. Interaction p-values for 152 genes and 14 pathways were calculated by the adaptive rank truncation product (ARTP) method, and compared between exposures. Interaction effect sizes were contrasted for the strongest SNPs of nominally significant genes (p(interaction)>0.05). Replication was attempted for SNPs with MAF<10% in 3320 SAPALDIA participants without GWAS. RESULTS: On the SNP-level, rs2035268 in gene SNCA accelerated FEV(1)/FVC decline by 3.8% (p(interaction) = 2.5x10(-6)), and rs12190800 in PARK2 attenuated FEV1 decline by 95.1 ml p(interaction) = 9.7x10(-8)) over 11 years, while interacting with PM10. Genes and pathways nominally interacting with PM10 and packyears exposure differed substantially. Gene CRISP2 presented a significant interaction with PM10 (p(interaction) = 3.0x10(-4)) on FEV(1)/FVC decline. Pathway interactions were weak. Replications for the strongest SNPs in PARK2 and CRISP2 were not successful. CONCLUSIONS: Consistent with a stratified response to increasing oxidative stress, different genes and pathways potentially mediate PM10 and tobac smoke effects on lung function decline. Ignoring environmental exposures would miss these patterns, but achieving sufficient sample size and comparability across study samples is challengin

Uso agrícola de resíduos orgânicos.

bitstream/item/51018/1/e-usinas-Artigos-Imprimir.pdfSIDE 008/10 - Infobibos, 11 fev. 2010; SIDE 008/10A - Cultivar, 18 de fev. 2010; SIDE 008/10B - Portal dia de Campo, 03 mar. 2010; SIDE 008/10C - Portal do Agronegócio, 11 fev. 2010; SIDE 008/10D - Chácara de orgânicos, 24 jan. 2010; SIDE 008/10E - Saneamento Ambiental, 11 fev. 2010; SIDE 008/10F - Inova Defesa, 19 fev. 2010; SIDE 008/10G - Agonline, 10 fev. 2010; SIDE 008/10H - Jornal Agronegócio, fev. 2010; SIDE 008/10I - E-Campo: E-usinas, 21 mar. 2010

Comparison of Lung Functions Among Asthmatic Children in Malaysia

A comparative study was conducted on 163 asthmatic children from Kuala Lumpur (polluted area) and 38 asthmatic children from Terengganu (less polluted area). The objective of this study was to compare the lung functions of the asthmatic children between the 2 sexes and study areas. Questionnaires and diary cards were used to obtain background information and frequency of asthma attacks. A spirometer was used to measure lung functions of the asthmatic children. Findings showed that there was a significant difference in the FEV,% predicted (p=0.002), FEV/FVC % predicted (p =0.001) and the %FEV/FVC (p=0.002) between male children in the two areas. However, only the FEV,% predicted (p=O.Oll) was significantly different between the female children in the two areas. Significant correlation was also found between the frequency of asthma attacks with FEV)% predicted (p=0.008), FEV/FVC % predicted (p=O.OOI) and % FEV/FVC (p=O.OOI) among the asthmatic children Kuala Lumpur but no significant correlation was found among the asthmatic children in Terengganu

Functional Relaxation and Guided Imagery as Complementary Therapy in Asthma: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Background: Asthma is a frequently disabling and almost invariably distressing disease that has a high overall prevalence. Although relaxation techniques and hypnotherapeutic interventions have proven their effectiveness in numerous trials, relaxation therapies are still not recommended in treatment guidelines due to a lack of methodological quality in many of the trials. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the efficacy of the brief relaxation technique of functional relaxation (FR) and guided imagery (GI) in adult asthmatics in a randomized controlled trial. Methods: 64 patients with extrinsic bronchial asthma were treated over a 4-week period and assessed at baseline, after treatment and after 4 months, for follow-up. 16 patients completed FR, 14 GI, 15 both FR and GI (FR/GI) and 13 received a placebo relaxation technique as the control intervention (CI). The forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV 1) as well as the specific airway resistance (sR(aw)) were employed as primary outcome measures. Results: Participation in FR, GI and FR/GI led to increases in FEV 1 (% predicted) of 7.6 +/- 13.2, 3.3 +/- 9.8, and 8.3 +/- 21.0, respectively, as compared to -1.8 +/- 11.1 in the CI group at the end of the therapy. After follow-up, the increases in FEV 1 were 6.9 +/- 10.3 in the FR group, 4.4 +/- 7.3 in the GI and 4.5 +/- 8.1 in the FR/GI, compared to -2.8 +/- 9.2 in the CI. Improvements in sR(aw) (% predicted) were in keeping with the changes in FEV 1 in all groups. Conclusions: Our study confirms a positive effect of FR on respiratory parameters and suggests a clinically relevant long-term benefit from FR as a nonpharmacological and complementary therapy treatment option. Copyright (C) 2009 S. Karger AG, Base

Comment on Solution of the Relativistic Dirac-Morse Problem

We do not think that the relativistic Morse potential problem has been correctly formulated and solved by Alhaidari (Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 210405 (2001)).Comment: Revtex, 4 pages, preprint "Notas de F\'\i sica" CBPF-NF-011/02/Fev./200

THE INFLUENCE OF BREATHING EXERCISE TOWARD FEV 1 AND KVP AMONG THE JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN YOGYAKARTA

This paper aims to reveal the influence of respiratory exercise on the forced one second volume (FEVi) and lung vital capacity (KVP) of the female student in MTs Mu'alimat Yogyakarta. This breathing exercise was carried out for 8 weeks, the frequency of this exercise is three times a week. The model used in breathing exercises is a model "I-T-E" (Inspiration-Hold-Expiratory breath). The samples of this research are 40 female students of MTs Mu'alimat Yogyakarta. The Measure used is "rotary spirometer". After further analyzed, the data obtained by test t. The results showed that the forced one second volume of 1501.25 ± pretest and post 563,129 ± 625,22o tests 1847.75. There is an increasing in FEV1 (postest-pretest) of 346.5 cc. In lung vital capacity data obtained pretest 2339.25 ± 379,523 and 348,501 ± posttest 2520.75. From the data (postest-pretest) increase 181.5 cc. T count results (FEV,) -4162 with p: 0000. (p <0.05), then forced a second volume before and after exercise there is a real difference. T test analysis (KVP), obtained t count with p - 4265: 0000. Because of p <0.05, so there is difference in the vital lung capacity. In addition, it also obtained a 0730 correlation can thus be concluded that the strength of the correlation indicates the high suitability of a given training program. FEV, percentage from KVP increase to 9:58%, it means that after respiratory training FEV, percentage increase. Forms of breathing exercise as provided in this study can be rused as an alternative to increase the magnitude of FEV, in lung vital capacity. The increase occurred because of breathing exercise stressor to the alveoli and respiratory devices, and the muscles of respiration. Stressor exercise has provided a significant stimulus that spurred the Respiratory physiological adaptation. Keywords: Influence, Sports, Breathing, FEV1, KV

Comparison of spirometry criteria for the diagnosis of COPD: results from the BOLD study

To access publisher full text version of this article. Please click on the hyperlink in Additional Links fieldPublished guidelines recommend spirometry to accurately diagnose chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, even spirometry-based COPD prevalence estimates can vary widely. We compared properties of several spirometry-based COPD definitions using data from the international Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD)study. 14 sites recruited population-based samples of adults aged > or =40 yrs. Procedures included standardised questionnaires and post-bronchodilator spirometry. 10,001 individuals provided usable data. Use of the lower limit of normal (LLN) forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV(1)) to forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio reduced the age-related increases in COPD prevalence that are seen among healthy never-smokers when using the fixed ratio criterion (FEV(1)/FVC <0.7) recommended by the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. The added requirement of an FEV(1) either <80% predicted or below the LLN further reduced age-related increases and also led to the least site-to-site variability in prevalence estimates after adjusting for potential confounders. Use of the FEV(1)/FEV(6) ratio in place of the FEV(1)/FVC yielded similar prevalence estimates. Use of the FEV(1)/FV