Ergenlik

Taha Toros Arşivi, Dosya No: 312-Sermet Muhtar Alus. Not: Gazetenin "Dünden, Bugünden" köşesinde yayımlanmıştır.İstanbul Kalkınma Ajansı (TR10/14/YEN/0033) İstanbul Development Agency (TR10/14/YEN/0033

Women Health and Psychological Functioning in Different Periods of Life: Evaluation of Nursing Approach

World Health Organization describes health as the state of being completely fine corporally, socially and psychologically. The state of being completely fine which is indicated in this description of health has been criticised by many scientists and with the idea that noone shall ever realise tha state of being completely fine corporally and psychologically, it was emphasized that individuals could be evaluated to be “healthy” as long as they are productive. Starting from the intrauterine period, woman passes through different periods such as childhood, adolescence, adulthood, elderliness and she experiences some physical, psychological and social differences in each of these periods within the frame of life cycle. While these differences influence productivities and life qualities of women negatively, they also make them more inclined to psychiatric illnesses. Therefore, psychological problems are more common among women and they last longer. Considering the fact that among the medical personnel, it is the nurses who spend time with patients during the phases of diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation the most, it could be said that nurses have a significant role in intervening in problems that affect the psychological health of woman. The nurse has responsibilities such as determining the problem the woman goes through, providing protective care, getting an early diagnosis, making the convenient remedial intervention and consigning, when necessary. In this article, significant woman health problems that could be experienced starting from the intrauterine life until the end of life by woman, the effects of this problem to the psychological health of the woman and nursing approaches in view of these problems are discussed

18-21 Yaş Grubu Bireylerin Genel Zekâ Düzeyleri İle Psikolojik Semptom Dü- zeyleri Arasındaki İlişki (The Relation between General Intelligence Levels and Psychological Symptom Levels of Adolescents)

Purpose: Researchers have stated that high intelligence might bring about psycho-logical problems. The purpose of this study was to investigate relationships be-tween general intelligence and some psychological symptoms.Method: Research participants included 73 students who were either university students in their first year or preparing for university. Their age ranged from 18 to 21 with a mean of 19,93. Female participants constituted 42,5% of the total and male participants included 57,5% of the total. The Raven’s Advanced Progressive Matrices (RAPM) and the Psychological Symptoms Scanning Scale-90-R were used to collect data. The former was used to measure the participants’ general intelli-gence while the latter was used to measure their psychological symptoms. Meas-urement instruments were administered to the participants in their classrooms. Data analysis included correlational analysis between general intelligence scores and psychological symptom scores. Results: Findings showed that correlations between general intelligence scores and psychological symptom scores for the total sample ranged from -0,04 to -0,29, respectively. Anger score had the lowest correlation with general intelligence and the sensibility score had the highest correlation with general intelligence. Total psychological symptom scores had a correlation of -0,23 with general intelligence scores. Other psychological symptom scores also had negative correlations with general intelligence scores. General intelligence scores had a correlation of -,27 with obsessive compulsive disorder, -,24 with somatization, -,18 with depression, -,23 with anxiety, -,24 with phobia, -,09 with paranoid tendency, and -,16 with psikotism. Conclusions: Research findings show that in general, as general intelligence level increases, the level of psychological symptom decreases and as general intelli-gence level decreases, the level of psychological symptom increases. However, when data was analyzed by participants’ parents’ gender, the pattern of relation-ship becomes positive. That is, correlations between general intelligence scores and psychological symptom scores among participants with mothers (n = 15) who had university or higher education become positive. Similar findings were ob-tained when data was analyzed by fathers’ educational levels. Correlations range from .10 to .78. In conclusion, as parents’ educational level increases, correlations between general intelligence and psychological symptoms of their children be-come negative. However, it should be noted that the number of sample is rather small in parents’ gender analysis. We strongly recommend that findings by the total sample should be paid more attention than parents’ gender groups

Ortaokul öğrencilerinin umut düzeylerinin, kaygı, depresyon ve mükemmeliyetçilik açısından i̇ncelenmesi

The aim of this study is to examine hope levels of secondary-school students in terms of perfectionism, depression and anxious. In line with this purpose, the research was designed in the relational-screening model. The sample of study consisted of 508 secondary-school students (287 female/ 221 male) choosen ramdomly from Lütfi Ege Secondary-School and Basma Sanayi Secondary-School in Denizli/Pamukkale. In research, Personal Information Sheet, Children's Hope Scale, Positive and Negative Perfectionism Scale, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Children's Depression Inventory were used to gather data. All data were analyzed by correlation and multiple regression. The results showed that depression, anxiety and positive perfectionism variables are significant predictors of hope. Implications of these findings are discussed within the context of literature. © 2018 Turkish Education Association. All rights reserved

Pedophilia: Clinical Features, Etiology and Treatment

There is a growing recognition that child sexual abuse is a critical public health problem. Child sexual abusement is not a medical diagnosis and is not necessarily a term synonymous with pedophilia. According to DSM-IV, a pedophile is an individual who fantasizes about, is sexually aroused by, or experiences sexual urges toward prepubescent children (generally <13 years) for a period of at least 6 months. It is difficult to estimate the true prevalence of pedophilia because few pedophiles voluntarily seek treatment. Most of the available data are based on individuals who have become involved with the legal system. Most individuals who engage in pedophilia are male. When compared with other sex offenders, pedophiles are in the older adult age range (age, 40-70 years). Pedophiles may engage in a wide range of sexual acts with children. These activities includes exposing themselves to children, looking at naked children, masturbating in the presence of children, physical contact, rubbing, fondling a child, engaging in oral sex, or penetration of the mouth, anus, and/or vagina. Generally, pedophiles do not use force to have children engage in these activities but instead rely on various forms of psychic manipulation and desensitization. People with pedophilia use internet to be a vehicle capable of meeting their needs: obtaining information, monitoring and contacting victims, developing fantasy, overcoming inhibitions, avoiding apprehension, and communicating with other offenders. The compulsive-aggressive trait is more pronounced in people with pedophilia. Generally they plan the sexual offending with the intention of relieving internal pressures or urges. Pedophiles generally experience feelings of inferiority, isolation or loneliness, low self-esteem, internal dysphoria, and emotional immaturity. There are likely multiple factors and multiple pathways involved in the development of pedophilia. Since there has been no treatment method that can alter the pedophile’s sexual orientation toward children, much of the focus of pedophilic treatment is on stopping further offenses against children. The combination of pharmacologic and behavioral treatment coupled with close legal supervision appears to help reduce the risk of repeated offense. Currently chemical castration; testosterone suppression by antiandrogenic therapy is a popular treatment option. Effective prevention is most effective means to manage the sexual abusement of children. For primary prevention and treatment, it is necessary to know the characteristics of pedophilia and understand the factors that lead to the development of the pedophilic tendencies

Childhood-Onset Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Childhood-onset obsessive-compulsive disorder affects 1%-2% of children and adolescents. While symptoms reported by children and behavioral therapies and pharmacological interventions administered to children are similar to those seen among individuals who develop obsessive compulsive disorder in adulthood, there are several differences with regards to sex ratios, comorbidity patterns, neuroimaging findings. Family and twin studies support the role of genetics in some forms of obsessive compulsive disorder. Prefrontal cortex, cingulate cortex, thalamus, nucleus caudatus, putamen and globus pallidus are the main brain areas affected in children with obsessive compulsive disorder. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) are the treatment of choice for pharmacotherapy of obsessive compulsive disorder and exposure and response prevention are the most commonly applied behavioral therapy methods in obsessive compulsive disorder. Despite advances in the treatment of the disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder is still considered as a debilitating chronic disorder

Spor yapan – yapmayan ilköğretim okulu II. kademe öğrencilerinin sürekli öfke-öfke ifade tarzları ve arkadaş bağlılığı düzeylerinin incelenmesi*

The aim of this research was to investigate the state of trait anger-anger expression and friendship commitment levels depending on the fact whether 2nd-stage-students in primary schools played sports or not.Personal Information Form, Trait Anger-Anger Expression Scales and Inventory of Peer Attachment were used in order to collect the data.The population of the research was consisted of the students who studied in 2nd stage of 40 primary state schools that belonged to National Education Directorate of Hatay Province between 2009-2010 academic year. Sample group was made up by 853 students of 21 primary schools who were selected from the population (262 boy students and 149 girl students who played sports as registered players; 233 boy students and 209 girl students who did not play sports.).To sum up; the comparison of the scores of trait anger and external anger of the participant students who played sports yielded a statistically significant difference in terms of sex variable (p&lt; 0.05). As for the sedentary group, boys had higher scores of internal anger and external anger than girls. In the comparison of the scores of friendship commitment in sedentary students in terms of sex variable, it was found out that there was a statistically significant difference between girls and boys, which was in favour of boys (p&lt;0.05).Bu &ccedil;alışmanın amacı, ilk&ouml;ğretim okulu II. Kademe &ouml;ğrencilerinin spor yapıp yapmama durumlarına g&ouml;re s&uuml;rekli &ouml;fke- &ouml;fke ifade tarzları ve arkadaş bağlılığı d&uuml;zeylerinin incelenmesidir.Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen kişisel bilgi formu, Spielberger ve arkadaşları (1988) tarafından geliştirilen, &Ouml;zer (1994) tarafından T&uuml;rk&ccedil;eye uyarlanan &ldquo; S&uuml;rekli &Ouml;fke - &Ouml;fke İfade Tarzı &Ouml;l&ccedil;eği &rdquo; (Trait Anger and Anger Expression Scales) ve Armsden ve Greenberg (1987) tarafından geliştirilen,&nbsp; T&uuml;rk&ccedil;eye uyarlanması Horta&ccedil;su ve Oral (1991) tarafından yapılmış olan &ldquo;Arkadaş Bağlılık &Ouml;l&ccedil;eği&rdquo; kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini, 2009-2010 eğitim-&ouml;ğretim yılında Hatay İl Milli Eğitim M&uuml;d&uuml;rl&uuml;ğ&uuml;ne bağlı olarak hizmet veren 40 ilk&ouml;ğretim (devlet) II. kademe &ouml;ğrencileri oluşturmaktadır. &Ouml;rneklem grubunu ise, 21 ilk&ouml;ğretim okuluna devam eden lisanslı olarak spor yapan 262 erkek, 149 kız &ouml;ğrenci ve spor yapmayan 233 erkek, 209 kız &ouml;ğrenci olmak &uuml;zere toplam 853 ilk&ouml;ğretim okulu &ouml;ğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Elde edilen verilerin hesaplanmasında ve değerlendirilmesinde SPSS 16,0 istatistik paket programı kullanılmıştır. Veriler y&uuml;zde (%) ve frekans tabloları verilerek &ouml;zetlenmiştir. Verilerin normallik sınaması One&ndash;Sample Kolmogorov&ndash;Simirnov test ile yapılmış olup verilerin normal dağılım g&ouml;sterdiği varsayımı sağlanmıştır. Dolayısıyla veriler parametrik testlerden, Indenpendent sample-t testi ile analiz edilmiştir. Bu &ccedil;alışmada hata d&uuml;zeyi 0,05 olarak kabul edilmiştirSonu&ccedil; olarak; araştırmaya katılan sporcu &ouml;ğrencilerin cinsiyet değişkeni a&ccedil;ısından elde edilen s&uuml;rekli &ouml;fke ve dışa &ouml;fke puanlarının karşılaştırılmasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık olduğu (P&lt;0,05), sedanterlerde ise, erkeklerin i&ccedil;e &ouml;fke ve dışa &ouml;fke durumlarının kızlardan daha y&uuml;ksek bulunmuştur. Sedanter &ouml;ğrencilerin cinsiyet değişkeni a&ccedil;ısından elde edilen arkadaş bağlılığı puanlarının karşılaştırılmasında kız ve erkek &ouml;ğrenciler arasında erkekler lehine istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık olduğu tespit edilmiştir (P&lt;0,05). &nbsp;Anahtar Kelimeler: İlk&ouml;ğretim, &Ouml;fke, Beden Eğitimi ve spor, Arkadaşlık&nbsp

Ergenlerde Akademik Stresle Uyku Kalitesi Arasındaki İlişki: Okul Tükenmişliğinin ve Depresyonun Aracı Rolü

This study examines the mediating role of school burnout and depression in the relationship between academic stress and sleep quality. The participant group of the study consists of 353 adolescents between the ages of 13-18 who are continuing their high school education (185 girls and 158 boys). The study data were collected using the Academic-Based Stress Inventory, Sleep Quality Scale, School Burnout Scale, and Kutcher Adolescent Depression Scale. Correlation analysis, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used to analyze the data. The results from testing the model have confirmed the tested mediation model. The study has found academic stress, depression, and school burnout to have direct effects on sleep quality, with academic stress also having an indirect effect on sleep quality through school burnout and depression within the scope of a model. The study also discusses the results in line with the obtained findings and makes suggestions for the literature.Bu araştırmada akademik stresle uyku kalitesi arasındaki ilişkide okul tükenmişliğinin ve depresyonun aracı rolü olup olmadığı incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın katılımcı grubu lise eğitimine devam eden ve yaşları 13 ile 18 arasında değişmekte olan 185’i kız ve 158’si erkek olmak üzere toplam 353 ergen bireyden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri akademik temelli stres envanteri, uyku kalitesi ölçeği, okul tükenmişliği ölçeği ve Kutcher ergen depresyonu ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın verilerinin analizinde korelasyon analizi, doğrulayıcı faktör analizi (DFA) ve yapısal eşitlik modeli analizi kullanılmıştır. Model testi sonucunda test edilen aracılık modelinin doğrulandığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, akademik stresin, depresyonun ve okul tükenmişliğinin uyku kalitesi üzerindeki doğrudan etkilerinin yanında, akademik stresin de bir model kapsamında okul tükenmişliği ve depresyon yoluyla dolaylı etkisinin olduğu bulgusu elde edilmiştir. Araştırmada ulaşılan bulgular ışığında sonuçlar tartışılmış ve alanyazın için önerilerde bulunulmuştur

Ortaokul öğrencilerinin umut düzeylerinin, kaygı, depresyon ve mükemmeliyetçilik açısından i̇ncelenmesi

The aim of this study is to examine hope levels of secondary-school students in terms of perfectionism, depression and anxious. In line with this purpose, the research was designed in the relational-screening model. The sample of study consisted of 508 secondary-school students (287 female/ 221 male) choosen ramdomly from Lütfi Ege Secondary-School and Basma Sanayi Secondary-School in Denizli/Pamukkale. In research, Personal Information Sheet, Children's Hope Scale, Positive and Negative Perfectionism Scale, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Children's Depression Inventory were used to gather data. All data were analyzed by correlation and multiple regression. The results showed that depression, anxiety and positive perfectionism variables are significant predictors of hope. Implications of these findings are discussed within the context of literature. © 2018 Turkish Education Association. All rights reserved