Reservoir Characterization of Sand Intervals of Lower Goru Formation Using Petrophysical Studies; A Case Study of Zaur-03 Well, Badin Block, Pakistan

Present study deals with petrophysical interpretation of Zaur-03 well for reservoir characterization of sandintervals of Lower Goru Formation in Badin Block, Southern Indus Basin, Pakistan. Early Cretaceous Lower GoruFormation is the distinct reservoir that is producing hydrocarbons for two decades. Complete suite of wireline logsincluding GR log, Caliper log, SP log, Resistivity logs (MSFL, LLS, LLD), Neutron log and Density log along withwell tops and complete drilling parameters were analyzed in this study. The prime objective of this study was to markzones of interest that could act as reservoir and to evaluate reservoir properties including shale volume (Vsh), porosity(ϕ), water saturation (Sw), hydrocarbon saturation (Sh) and net pay thickness. Based on Petrophysical evaluation threezones have been marked in Lower Goru Formation, A Sand (1890m to 1930m), B-sand (1935m to 2010) and C-sand(2015m to 2100m). The average calculated parameters for evaluation of reservoir properties of Zaur-03 well depicts anaverage porosity of 8.92% and effective porosity of 4.81%. Water Saturation is calculated as 28.54% and HydrocarbonsSaturation is 71.46%. Analysis shows that Sh in Zaur-03 well is high so the production of hydrocarbons iseconomically feasible

Modeling of Brick Kilns for the capture of CO2 from flue gases—A step towards sustainability

Coal and wood are commonly employed in the manufacturing of bricks in Pakistan. The carbon emissions from brick kilns must be controlled for cleaner environment. The objective of this research is the development of a simulation model in order to mitigate carbon emissions from brick kilns. Statistical data of flue gases of a brick furnace has been identified for the removal of carbon dioxide before it enters the environment. Since post-combustion carbon capture technique is widely accepted as the most feasible and economic among all available, a post-combustion carbon technique of Monoethanolamine (MEA) Absorber is employed in our research. This technique has been applied first time in the brick industry of Pakistan. The carbon dioxide recovered can be utilized in the beverage industry and in oil fields, generating profit. This development achieves considerable pollution control and is an important step towards sustainability

Multi-Response Optimization of Tensile Creep Behavior of PLA 3D Printed Parts Using Categorical Response Surface Methodology

Three-dimensional printed plastic products developed through fused deposition modeling (FDM) endure long-term loading in most of the applications. The tensile creep behavior of such products is one of the imperative benchmarks to ensure dimensional stability under cyclic and dynamic loads. This research dealt with the optimization of the tensile creep behavior of 3D printed parts produced through fused deposition modeling (FDM) using polylactic acid (PLA) material. The geometry of creep test specimens follows the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM D2990) standards. Three-dimensional printing is performed on an open-source MakerBot desktop 3D printer. The Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is employed to predict the creep rate and rupture time by undertaking the layer height, infill percentage, and infill pattern type (linear, hexagonal, and diamond) as input process parameters. A total of 39 experimental runs were planned by means of a categorical central composite design. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) results revealed that the most influencing factors for creep rate were layer height, infill percentage, and infill patterns, whereas, for rupture time, infill pattern was found significant. The optimized levels obtained for both responses for hexagonal pattern were 0.1 mm layer height and 100% infill percentage. Some verification tests were performed to evaluate the effectiveness of the adopted RSM technique. The implemented research is believed to be a comprehensive guide for the additive manufacturing users to determine the optimum process parameters of FDM which influence the product creep rate and rupture time

A common 'outlawness': Criminalisation of Muslim minorities in the UK and Australia

Since mass immigration recruitments of the post-war period, ‘othered’ immigrants to both the UK and Australia have faced ‘mainstream’ cultural expectations to assimilate, and various forms of state management of their integration. Perceived failure or refusal to integrate has historically been constructed as deviant, though in certain policy phases this tendency has been mitigated by cultural pluralism and official multiculturalism. At critical times, hegemonic racialisation of immigrant minorities has entailed their criminalisation, especially that of their young men. In the UK following the ‘Rushdie Affair’ of 1989, and in both Britain and Australia following these states’ involvement in the 1990-91 Gulf War, the ‘Muslim Other’ was increasingly targeted in cycles of racialised moral panic. This has intensified dramatically since the 9/11 terrorist attacks and the ensuing ‘War on Terror’. The young men of Muslim immigrant communities in both these nations have, over the subsequent period, been the subject of heightened popular and state Islamophobia in relation to: perceived ‘ethnic gangs’; alleged deviant, predatory masculinity including so-called ‘ethnic gang rape’; and paranoia about Islamist ‘radicalisation’ and its supposed bolstering of terrorism. In this context, the earlier, more genuinely social-democratic and egalitarian, aspects of state approaches to ‘integration’ have been supplanted, briefly glossed by a rhetoric of ‘social inclusion’, by reversion to increasingly oppressive assimilationist and socially controlling forms of integrationism. This article presents some preliminary findings from fieldwork in Greater Manchester over 2012, showing how mainly British-born Muslims of immigrant background have experienced these processes

Muslim and dangerous : "grooming" and the politics of racialisation

Contemporary Islamophobia, certainly since 9/11 , has become globalised—at least in the ‘West’ (Morgan and Poynting 2012 ). In a characteristic interrelationship between the global and the local, there has accumulated a global stock of clichés, stereotypes and folk myths about the Muslim ‘Other’ to be drawn upon to inform common sense about local circumstances and local events. Ideological elements involving the racialisation of Muslims are electronically circulated internationally and virtually instantaneously, and this process can lend itself to a seemingly never-ending series of moral panic spirals in which the perceived deviance of Muslims is amplified. Globalised images and imagined civilisational clashes can thus swirl around the vortices of any number of quite local events and conflicts: a schoolgirl in a jilbab , halal products in a supermarket, the construction of a mosque or prayer centre, purportedly ‘extreme’ Muslim values in schools of one locality, anti-war protesters with long beards and long rhetoric, and so on. This chapter traces the playing out of just such a relationship between the global and the local in the case of the demonising of Muslim communities that took place after public outrage following a case of ‘grooming’ and sexual violence centred on one locality in north-west England . The authors were intent on researching Muslim communities’ experiences of the hegemonic exhortations to ‘integrate’ into British culture and British values, and their widespread castigation for supposedly refusing or failing to do so (Tufail and Poynting 2013 ). Our empirical investigation was by coincidence centred upon Rochdale , in the Greater Manchester area, at the very time when the media -driven outrage about the ‘grooming’ case hit the headlines. Consequently, every single one of our interviewees alluded, unprompted, to these events, the effects on their communities, of the way that they were represented, and their personal experiences of such ‘othering ’. One set of crimes by nine men became a focus point and a metaphor for the otherness—and indeed dangerousness—of Muslims, nationally and globally

Single-shot retinal image enhancement using untrained and pretrained neural networks priors integrated with analytical image priors

Retinal images acquired using fundus cameras are often visually blurred due to imperfect imaging conditions, refractive medium turbidity, and motion blur. In addition, ocular diseases such as the presence of cataracts also result in blurred retinal images. The presence of blur in retinal fundus images reduces the effectiveness of the diagnosis process of an expert ophthalmologist or a computer-aided detection/diagnosis system. In this paper, we put forward a single-shot deep image prior (DIP)-based approach for retinal image enhancement. Unlike typical deep learning-based approaches, our method does not require any training data. Instead, our DIP-based method can learn the underlying image prior while using a single degraded image. To perform retinal image enhancement, we frame it as a layer decomposition problem and investigate the use of two well-known analytical priors, i.e., dark channel prior (DCP) and bright channel prior (BCP) for atmospheric light estimation. We show that both the untrained neural networks and the pretrained neural networks can be used to generate an enhanced image while using only a single degraded image. The proposed approach is time and memory-efficient, which makes the solution feasible for real-world resource-constrained environments. We evaluate our proposed framework quantitatively on five datasets using three widely used metrics and complement that with a subjective qualitative assessment of the enhancement by two expert ophthalmologists. For instance, our method has achieved significant performance for untrained CDIPs coupled with DCP in terms of average PSNR, SSIM, and BRISQUE values of 40.41, 0.97, and 34.2, respectively, and for untrained CDIPs coupled with BCP, it achieved average PSNR, SSIM, and BRISQUE values of 40.22, 0.98, and 36.38, respectively. Our extensive experimental comparison with several competitive baselines on public and non-public proprietary datasets validates the proposed ideas and framework. 2022 Elsevier LtdWe are very thankful to Dr. Kanwal Zareen Abbasi, Associate Professor of Eye at HBS Medical and Dental College, Islamabad, Pakistan, for subjective qualitative assessment.Scopu