Role of activated carbon features on the photocatalytic degradation of phenol

[EN] In this work we have investigated the role of porous carbon material used as a photocatalyst and a catalyst support in the carbon/titania composite in the photodegradation of phenol, and compared the results to those of bare titanium oxide. The immobilization of titania on an activated carbon provoked acceleration of the degradation rate under UV irradiation, which is likely to be attributed to the porosity of the carbon support. The identification of the degradation intermediates detected in the solution showed that the presence of the carbon support affects the nature of phenol degradation mechanism through the formation of different intermediates. Additionally, phenol photodecomposition rate over the carbon support outperformed that attained in the carbon/titania composite, suggesting an important self-photoactivity of the carbon support.This work was supported by the Spanish MICINN (CTM2008-01956). COA is grateful to the Spanish MEC for the Ramon y Cajal Research Contract. LFV is grateful to CSIC for the JAE predoctoral fellowship.Peer reviewe

Seminario sobre TFG

El objetivo de esta presentación es ofrecer una información clara y precisa sobre cómo hacer un TFG así como ofrecer herramientas para su elaboració

Control de Haematobia irritans y Stomoxys calcitrans con Metarhizium anisopliae en ganado naturalmente infestado

Objective. Assess the efficacy of Metarhizium anisopliae strain 135 (Ma135) applied by aspersion to reduce simultaneous infestation of Haematobia irritans and Stomoxys calcitrans in naturally infested cattle maintained in a production system which combine grazing and confinement in pens. Materials and methods. Was applied an aqueous formulation of Ma135 (1x108 conidia/ml) on a nine cows group in six occasions with seven days interval, while the control group received the same formulation without conidial content. The infestation index was estimated daily for each fly independently; the effectiveness of the formulation was calculated using the Abbott’s formula. Results. The Ma135 formulation had a reduction in the fly population of 58% for H. irritans and 69% for S. calcitrans, taking into consideration the six study weeks, in addition to causing no negative effects on animal health. An Infestation index reduction was observed from the first week post-treatment (p<0.05) and maintained this trend throughout the study. Conclusions. The present study has demonstrated the potential of strain Ma135 to reduce the simultaneous infestation of both hematophagous flies in cattle under conditions of natural infestation.Objetivo. Evaluar la eficacia de la cepa 135 de Metarhizium anisopliae (Ma135) aplicada por aspersión para reducir la infestación simultánea de Haematobia irritans y Stomoxys calcitrans en ganado naturalmente infestado mantenido en un sistema de producción de leche que combina el pastoreo y el confinamiento en corrales. Materiales y métodos. Se aplicó una formulación acuosa de Ma135 (1x108 conidios/ml) a un grupo de nueve vacas en seis ocasiones con un intervalo de siete días, mientras que el grupo control recibió una solución compuesta por agua, Monooleato de polioxietileno sorbitán en solución 0.01% y un adyuvante agrícola al 0.1%. Se estimó diariamente el índice de infestación para cada mosca de forma independiente; la efectividad de la formulación se calculó usando la fórmula de Abbott. Resultados. La formulación de Ma135 tuvo una eficacia en el control de la infestación de 58% para el caso de H. irritans y de 69% para S. calcitrans, tomando en cuenta las seis semanas de estudio, además de que no causó ningún efecto negativo en la salud de los animales. La reducción del índice de infestación se observó desde la primera semana post-tratamiento (p<0.05) y mantuvo esta tendencia durante todo el estudio. Conclusiones. El presente estudio ha demostrado el potencial de la cepa Ma135 para reducir la infestación simultánea de ambas moscas hematófagas en el ganado bajo condiciones de infestación natural

Overview of recent TJ-II stellarator results

The main results obtained in the TJ-II stellarator in the last two years are reported. The most important topics investigated have been modelling and validation of impurity transport, validation of gyrokinetic simulations, turbulence characterisation, effect of magnetic configuration on transport, fuelling with pellet injection, fast particles and liquid metal plasma facing components. As regards impurity transport research, a number of working lines exploring several recently discovered effects have been developed: the effect of tangential drifts on stellarator neoclassical transport, the impurity flux driven by electric fields tangent to magnetic surfaces and attempts of experimental validation with Doppler reflectometry of the variation of the radial electric field on the flux surface. Concerning gyrokinetic simulations, two validation activities have been performed, the comparison with measurements of zonal flow relaxation in pellet-induced fast transients and the comparison with experimental poloidal variation of fluctuations amplitude. The impact of radial electric fields on turbulence spreading in the edge and scrape-off layer has been also experimentally characterized using a 2D Langmuir probe array. Another remarkable piece of work has been the investigation of the radial propagation of small temperature perturbations using transfer entropy. Research on the physics and modelling of plasma core fuelling with pellet and tracer-encapsulated solid-pellet injection has produced also relevant results. Neutral beam injection driven Alfvénic activity and its possible control by electron cyclotron current drive has been examined as well in TJ-II. Finally, recent results on alternative plasma facing components based on liquid metals are also presentedThis work has been carried out within the framework of the EUROfusion Consortium and has received funding from the Euratom research and training programme 2014–2018 under Grant Agreement No. 633053. It has been partially funded by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Inovación y Universidades of Spain under projects ENE2013-48109-P, ENE2015-70142-P and FIS2017-88892-P. It has also received funds from the Spanish Government via mobility grant PRX17/00425. The authors thankfully acknowledge the computer resources at MareNostrum and the technical support provided by the Barcelona S.C. It has been supported as well by The Science and Technology Center in Ukraine (STCU), Project P-507F

La satisfacción del estudiante del COLLHI con la calidad educativa del programa en el MUM

"La contribución científica del presente estudio, realizado con estudiantes universitarios del área de Ciencias Sociales y humanidades, específicamente en estudiantes de licenciatura del Colegio de Lingüística y Literatura Hispánica, confirman algunas de las relaciones entre la calidad educativa y la satisfacción del estudiante.

Phenol Adsorption and Photo-Oxidation on Porous Carbon/Titania Composites

International audienc

Phenol Adsorption and Photo-oxidation on Porous Carbon/Titania Composites

Carbon/titania composites with different loadings were prepared and investigated for phenol adsorption and photo-oxidation from dilute aqueous solutions. The rate of phenol adsorption increased when titanium oxide (P25, Degussa) was immobilized on the carbon support due to the porous features of the resulting C/TiO2 composites. The kinetics of phenol adsorption were very fast for samples containing low titanium oxide contents, whereas titania loadings above 20 wt% presented some operational problems that prevented their application in aqueous solutions. Those C/TiO2 composites which exhibited higher adsorption rates in the absence of illumination also showed a more rapid disappearance of phenol from aqueous solution under UV light, together with the formation of lower amounts of intermediates. Removal efficiencies close to 100% were obtained for C/TiO2 composites containing ca. 10-15 wt% titanium oxide, with preferential oxidation of phenol through the formation of catechol.The authors acknowledge the support of the Spanish MICINN (CTM2008-01956). LFV thanks CSIC for a pre-doctoral fellowship. COA thanks CSIC for financial support (200980I131).Peer reviewe

Effect of outgassing temperature on the performance of porous materials

[EN] This work illustrates the consequences of an inadequate outgassing temperature of porous materials of different nature (zeolites and activated carbons) on their performance on gas storage and wastewater remediation. Outgassing at low temperature in thermally stable materials leads to an incomplete cleaning of the porous surface; as a result, the gas storage ability based on adsorption isotherms is underestimated. In contrast, outgassing at elevated temperature in temperature-sensitive materials provokes irreversible changes in their composition and structure, which also affects strongly their stability and performance. Two examples illustrating wrong interpretation data on CO2 capture on zeolites and wastewater treatment using activated carbons are addressed. The results show how the performance of a given material can be significantly modified or misunderstood after the outgassing pretreatment.This work was supported by the Spanish MICINN (CTM2008-01956). COA thanks her Ramon y Cajal Research Contract. LFV thanks her JAE predoctoral fellowship.Peer reviewe