Adaptive Non-Linear High Gain Observer Based Sensorless Speed Estimation of an Induction Motor

International audienc

Quasi Type-1 PLL With Tunable Phase Detector for Unbalanced and Distorted Three-Phase Grid

International audienc

High-fat diet-induced aggravation of cardiovascular impairment in permethrin-treated Wistar rats.

This study characterized the impact of post-weaning high-fat diet (HFD) and/or permethrin (PER) treatment on heart dysfunction and fibrosis, as well as atherogenic risk, in rats by investigating interactions between HFD and PER. Our results revealed that HFD and/or PER induced remarkable cardiotoxicity by promoting cardiac injury, biomarker leakage into the plasma and altering heart rate and electrocardiogram pattern, as well as plasma ion levels. HFD and/or PER increased plasma total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels but significantly reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. Cardiac content of peroxidation malonaldehyde, protein carbonyls, and reactive oxygen species were remarkably elevated, while glutathione levels and superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities were inhibited in animals receiving a HFD and/or PER. Furthermore, cardiac DNA fragmentation and upregulation of Bax and caspase-3 gene expression supported the ability of HFD and/or PER to induce apoptosis and inflammation in rat hearts. High cardiac TGF-β1 expression explained the profibrotic effects of PER either with the standard diet or HFD. Masson's Trichrome staining clearly demonstrated that HFD and PER could cause cardiac fibrosis. Additionally, increased oxidized LDL and the presence of several lipid droplets in arterial tissues highlighted the atherogenic effects of HFD and/or PER in rats. Such PER-induced cardiac and vascular dysfunctions were aggravated by and associated with a HFD, implying that obese individuals may be more vulnerable to PER exposure. Collectively, post-weaning exposure to HFD and/or PER may promote heart failure and fibrosis, demonstrating the pleiotropic effects of exposure to environmental factors early in life

Utilisation des techniques électrochimiques dans le traitement des émulsions hydrocarbures/eau

174 p. ; ill. ; 30 cmL’objectif de ce travail est l’application des techniques électrochimiques pour le traitement des émulsions d’huile de coupe. Pour aboutir à cet objectif, une série d’essais a été réalisé dans un réacteur électrochimique fonctionnant en batch. La technique d'électroflottation s’est avérée inefficace pour le traitement d’émulsions concentrées. Le couplage de cette dernière avec la floculation chimique a donné d’excellents résultats pour le traitement des émulsions huile-eau (4% massique). La conduite des expériences a été réalisée en utilisant une méthodologie expérimentale basée sur une modélisation en surface de réponses (RSM). Le traitement des émulsions d’huile de coupe par électrocoagulation a montré que cette méthode électrolytique est très efficace pour l’abattement de la turbidité et de la DCO. Les résultats expérimentaux ont indiqué que l'électrocoagulation était très efficace et capable de réaliser un abattement de la turbidité et de la DCO de 99% et de 90% respectivement et cela pour une densité de courant, 25mAcm−2, et un temps de traitement de 22min. L'analyse de la variance ANOVA a montré une valeur élevée du coefficient de détermination (R2= 0.998), ce qui montre qu’un ajustement satisfaisant est assuré par le modèle de régression de second ordre entre les données expérimentales et estimées l’étude comparative basée sur l’efficacité de traitement et la consommation énergétique a montré que l’électrocoagulation et le couplage de l'électroflottation avec la floculation semblent des procédés plus efficaces que le procédé d’électroflottation dans ce genre d’opération

Fundamental Frequency Sequence Amplitude Estimator for Power and Energy Applications

A grid-synchronization-based fundamental frequency positive-sequence (FFPS) and negative-sequence (FFNS) amplitudes estimation technique is proposed for unbalanced and distorted grid. In this technique, the sequence amplitudes are extracted by extracting the phase-angle of the FFPS and FFNS components. The extracted phase-angles have DC and double frequency AC components. The AC component is filtered out by using a Moving Average Filter (MAF) of appropriate window length. From the extracted phase-angle, the unknown frequency can be estimated by using a suitable controller. A frequency-fixed equidistant samples-based pre-loop filter is also applied to eliminate the effect of measurement offset. The proposed technique has a very simple structure and is easy to tune. Small-signal modeling-based stability analysis and gain tuning procedure are also provided. The proposed technique strikes a good balance between fast convergence and disturbance rejection capability. Comparative numerical simulation and experimental results with similar other techniques demonstrate the suitability and performance enhancement by the proposed technique

Identification and evaluation of anti-inflammatory properties of aqueous components extracted from sesame ( Sesamum indicum ) oil

We previously reported that sesame oil (SO) has anti-inflammatory, anti-atherosclerotic and lipid lowering properties in vivo. Our recent studies have shown that, an aqueous extract of sesame oil (SOAE) has also anti-inflammatory and anti-atherosclerotic properties but with no lipid lowering effects. The extent of reduction in atherosclerosis led us to identify components of SOAE and evaluate their anti-inflammatory properties in vitro. Liquid chromatography mass spectrometric method was used to detect and identify components of SOAE. Methoxyphenol derivatives, short and long chain carboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids, hydroxy and oxo- carboxylic acids were detected. To our surprise, sesamol and its derivatives (lignans), were not present in the SOAE. Among the identified, a combination of methoxy phenol compounds were selected and tested their ability to reduce LPS induced inflammatory gene expression. Monocyte derived macrophages/RAW 264.7 macrophages were pre-treated with these compounds for 2 h, followed by LPS stimulation for 24 h and pro-inflammatory gene expressions were analyzed. These methoxyphenol derivatives showed potent anti-inflammatory properties. In conclusion, the anti-inflammatory molecules associated with SO may contribute the anti-inflammatory and anti-atherosclerotic properties. Also, our results shed light for the development of SOAE based non-pharmacological therapeutics, nutritional supplements and health products for various inflammatory diseases in the future