9,513 research outputs found
Markus 1:4 in die Nuwe Aftikaanse Vertaling
Mark 1:4 in the New Afrikaans BibleMark 1:4 is often used as an example text to illustrate the difference between traditional and newer approaches to Bible translating. The reason is that the verse contains a concatenation of nominalizations of events (i e, baptism, repentance, forgiveness and sins) which is foreign to many modern languages. In this paper theway the New Afrikaans Bible translates these words is analysed and evaluated. It is concluded that the New Afrikaans Bible’s (1983) translation of this verse hasbeen influenced by dogmatic concerns rather than linguistic considerations
Diagrammatic Coupled Cluster Monte Carlo
We propose a modified coupled cluster Monte Carlo algorithm that
stochastically samples connected terms within the truncated
Baker--Campbell--Hausdorff expansion of the similarity transformed Hamiltonian
by construction of coupled cluster diagrams on the fly. Our new approach --
diagCCMC -- allows propagation to be performed using only the connected
components of the similarity-transformed Hamiltonian, greatly reducing the
memory cost associated with the stochastic solution of the coupled cluster
equations. We show that for perfectly local, noninteracting systems, diagCCMC
is able to represent the coupled cluster wavefunction with a memory cost that
scales linearly with system size. The favorable memory cost is observed with
the only assumption of fixed stochastic granularity and is valid for arbitrary
levels of coupled cluster theory. Significant reduction in memory cost is also
shown to smoothly appear with dissociation of a finite chain of helium atoms.
This approach is also shown not to break down in the presence of strong
correlation through the example of a stretched nitrogen molecule. Our novel
methodology moves the theoretical basis of coupled cluster Monte Carlo closer
to deterministic approaches.Comment: 31 pages, 6 figure
InSb charge coupled infrared imaging device: The 20 element linear imager
The design and fabrication of the 8585 InSb charge coupled infrared imaging device (CCIRID) chip are reported. The InSb material characteristics are described along with mask and process modifications. Test results for the 2- and 20-element CCIRID's are discussed, including gate oxide characteristics, charge transfer efficiency, optical mode of operation, and development of the surface potential diagram
Glial regenerative cell types in the superficial cortex in cortical dysplasia subtypes
Purpose: Focal Cortical Dysplasias (FCD) are localized malformative brain lesions in epilepsy. FCD3a associated with hippocampal sclerosis, affects the superficial cortex and is presumed to have an ‘acquired’ rather than developmental origin. Precursor cells may arise outside neurogenic zones including cortical layer I. Our aim was to characterise subsets of glial progenitor cells in the superficial cortical layers, known to be involved in gliosis and gliogenesis and that could distinguish FCD3a from other subtypes.
Methods: Using immunohistochemistry we quantified the density of glial progenitor subsets in superficial cortex layers using markers against PAX6, GFAP, Olig2 and PDGFRβ and proliferation marker MCM2 in ten FCD3a cases compared to 18 other FCD types and 11 non-FCD controls.
Key Findings: Glial progenitor cells types were present in the cortical layer I and II in all FCD groups. GFAP cells frequently expressed PAX6 and significantly higher GFAP/PAX6 than GFAP/MCM2 cell densities were identified in the FCD3a group (p<0.05). Olig2 cell densities were significantly higher in FCD3b than FCD3a (p=0.002) and significantly higher GFAP/MCM2 compared to PDGFRβ/MCM2 cell densities were identified in both FCD3b and FCD2 groups. There was no correlation between cell densities and the age of patients at surgery and between cortical regions.
Significance: Immature and proliferative glial populations across FCD variants reflect ‘reactive cell types and differences may provide insight into underlying pathomechanisms. Higher PAX6 expression in astroglial cells in FCD3a may indicate a switch to astrocytic maturation and enhanced superficial gliosis. Higher Olig2 and GFAP/MCM2 densities in FCD3b may reflect margins of the tumour infiltration zone rather than true cortical dysplasia
Open-source development experiences in scientific software: the HANDE quantum Monte Carlo project
The HANDE quantum Monte Carlo project offers accessible stochastic algorithms
for general use for scientists in the field of quantum chemistry. HANDE is an
ambitious and general high-performance code developed by a
geographically-dispersed team with a variety of backgrounds in computational
science. In the course of preparing a public, open-source release, we have
taken this opportunity to step back and look at what we have done and what we
hope to do in the future. We pay particular attention to development processes,
the approach taken to train students joining the project, and how a flat
hierarchical structure aids communicationComment: 6 pages. Submission to WSSSPE
Spatiotemporal dynamics of PDGFRβ expression in pericytes and glial scar formation in penetrating brain injuries in adults
Aims: Understanding the spatiotemporal dynamics of reactive cell types following brain injury is important for future therapeutic interventions. We have previously used penetrating cortical injuries following intracranial recordings as a brain repair model to study scar-forming nestin-expressing cells. We now explore the relationship between nestin-expressing cells, PDGFRβ+ pericytes and Olig2+ glia, including their proliferation and functional maturation.
Methods: In 32 cases, ranging from 3 to 461 days post injury (dpi), immunohistochemistry for PDGFRβ, nestin, GFAP, Olig2, MCM2, Aquaporin 4 (Aq4), Glutamine Synthetase (GS), and Connexin 43 (Cx43) were quantified for cell densities, labelling index (LI) and cellular co-expression at the injury site compared to control regions.
Results: PDGFRβ labelling highlighted both pericytes and multipolar parenchymal cells. PDGFRβ LI and PDGFRβ+/MCM2+ cells significantly increased in injury zones at 10-13 dpi with migration of pericytes away from vessels with increased co-localisation of PDGRFβ with nestin compared to control regions (p < 0.005). Olig2+/MCM2+ cell populations peaked at 13 dpi with significantly higher cell densities at injury sites than in control regions (p < 0.01) and decreasing with dpi (p < 0.05). Cx43 LI was reduced in acute injuries but increased with dpi (p < 0.05) showing significant cellular co-localisation with nestin and GFAP (p<0.005 and p<0.0001) but not PDGFRβ.
Conclusions: These findings indicate that PDGFRβ+ and Olig2+ cells contribute to the proliferative fraction following penetrating brain injuries, with evidence of pericyte migration. Dynamic changes in Cx43 in glial cell types with dpi suggests functional alterations during temporal stages of brain repair
Universal Mandelbrot Set as a Model of Phase Transition Theory
The study of Mandelbrot Sets (MS) is a promising new approach to the phase
transition theory. We suggest two improvements which drastically simplify the
construction of MS. They could be used to modify the existing computer programs
so that they start building MS properly not only for the simplest families.
This allows us to add one more parameter to the base function of MS and
demonstrate that this is not enough to make the phase diagram connectedComment: 5 pages, 3 figure
The effect of intravenous amino acids on plasma amino acid concentration during total parenteral nutrition in infants with necrotizing enterocolitis
CITATION: Thom, J. C., Victor, T. & Pichanick, A. M. E. 1981. The effect of intravenous amino acids on plasma amino acid concentration during total parenteral nutrition in infants with necrotizing enterocolitis. South African Medical Journal, 59:946-948.The original publication is available at http://www.samj.org.zaPlasma aminograms of infants receiving total parenteral nutrition as part of the treatment for necrotizing enterocolitis were studied. Their ages varied from 2 to 60 days and their mean birth mass was 1621 g (range 760-2550 g). The intravenous administration of amino acids produced changes in plasma amino acid levels corresponding to the concentration of individual amino acid levels in the solution employed: higher levels of amino acids in the infusate produced increased plasma levels, whereas low plasma levels were obtained for amino acids not present or present in small amounts according to the solution used. The infants did not appear to suffer in any way, but the long-term effects still have to be evaluated. Pending further knowledge in this regard it is suggested that plasma amino acid levels should be maintained as near to normal values as possible. This could probably be achieved by the use of amino acid solutions specially formulated according to the amino acid profile of breast milk or the plasma amino acid profile of normal infants.Publisher’s versio
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