Efectos de un programa de entrenamiento de la fuerza muscular sobre la condición física en adultos sexagenarios

Objetivo: conocer los efectos de un programa de fuerza muscular en la condición física en adultos sexagenarios de Santo Domingo de los Tsachilas-Ecuador. Materiales y método: se evaluaron a 44 participantes, distribuidos de manera aleatoria en dos grupos (ensayo controlado aleatorizado ECA), 0 (grupo control) (n=22) con actividades de la vida diaria y 1 (grupo entreno) (n=22) con entrenamiento basado en la fuerza muscular. Se evaluó antes y después de la intervención con pruebas físicas para determinar cómo valoración principal la condición física con el test de Cooper para la velocidad de la marcha y a través del índice esfuerzo percibido (IEP) según la escala de Borg, y fuerza muscular, como variables secundarias se evaluaron la velocidad de la marcha, fuerza-resistencia, peso corporal, índice de masa corporal (IMC), frecuencia cardiaca en reposo (FCR) y frecuencia cardiaca máxima (FCM). Se solicitó un consentimiento informado por escrito de los participantes. Se realizó una revisión medica de los pacientes antes del programa y un monitoreo durante el mismo. Resultados: los resultados arrojados en las pruebas fueron para el grupo entreno: mejora de la condición física con la prueba del (IEP), fuerza muscular, fuerza-resistencia y velocidad de la marcha, se disminuyó el peso corporal y el IMC; disminuyo la frecuencia cardiaca en reposo (FCR) y la frecuencia cardiaca máxima (FCM) en el grupo entreno. En el grupo control no existieron cambios significativos. Conclusiones: las conclusiones que se obtuvieron de este ECA es que la condición física de los participantes de un programa de entrenamiento de la fuerza muscular mejora la condición física y demás variables estudiadas de manera significativa en el grupo entreno en relación al grupo control.Palabras clave: condición física, fuerza muscular, adultos sexagenarios.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21503/CienciayDesarrollo.2015.v18i1.0

Composição química e valor energético de alimentos de origem animal utilizados na alimentação de codornas japonesas

Avaliaram-se a composição química e o valor energético de farinhas de resíduos de abatedouro para machos de codornas japonesas (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Foram utilizadas 320 codornas machos, com 32 dias de idade, distribuídas em delineamento experimental inteiramente ao acaso, com cinco dietas (uma referência e quatro dietas-teste), cada uma avaliada com oito repetições de oito aves por unidade experimental. As farinhas substituíram 25% da dieta-referência e seus valores de energia metabolizável, assim como os coeficientes de metabolizabilidade, foram determinados pelo método de coleta total de excretas. Os valores de energia metabolizável aparente (kcal/kg) e aparente corrigida para balanço de nitrogênio (kcal/kg) são, respectivamente, de 2.152 e 2.142 para a farinha de carne e ossos; de 3.139 e 3.137 para a farinha de penas; de 2.658 e 2.651 para a farinha de peixe; e de 3.692 e 3.668 para a farinha de vísceras de aves. Os coeficientes de metabolizabilidade são de 60,51% para farinha de carne e ossos; 59,25% para a farinha de penas; 64,09% para farinha de peixe; e 78,64% para a farinha de vísceras de aves.It was evaluated the chemical composition and energy values of slaughterhouse by-product meal for male Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica). It was used 320 male quails at 32 days of age, distributed in a complete random experimental design, with five diets (one reference diet and four test diets), each one evaluated with eight replicates with eight birds per experimental unity. Meals replaced 25% of the reference diet and their metabolizable energy values as well as their metabolizability coefficients were determined by using the total excreta method collection. Values of apparent metabolizable energy (kcal/kg) and apparent energy corrected for nitrogen balance (kcal/kg) are, respectively, 2,152 and 2,142 for meat and bone meal; 3,139 and 3,137 for feather meal; 2,658 and 2,651 for fish meal and 3,692 and 3,668 for poultry viscera meal. Metabolizability coefficients are 60.51% for meat and bone meal; 59.25% for feather meal; 64.09% for fish meal and 78.64% for poultry viscera meal

Veredas, oásis do Sertão: conflito ambiental na apropriação das águas em Botumirim-MG

This paper describes an ethnographic research which aimed at analyzing the influence of traditional water resource use and management as well as its role in the process of building community identities and territorialities. Furthermore, the paper analyses the environmental conflicts associated with the dispute between the community’s traditional way of life and governmental policies towards environmental conservation. The research was carried out in the Gigante and Pé da Serra community, within the municipality of Botumirim, in the region recognized as Vale do Jequitinhonha, Minas Gerais State. The community’s livelihood and means of existence are related to familiar agriculture, having values and rules linked to a specific traditional culture, in which water has significant importance. This area and its water resources have been disputed by different types users and institutions with very different interests and economic power, setting traditional communities, their means of existence, their culture and their common use of natural resources at risk

J-PLUS: The javalambre photometric local universe survey

ABSTRACT: TheJavalambrePhotometric Local UniverseSurvey (J-PLUS )isanongoing 12-band photometricopticalsurvey, observingthousands of squaredegrees of theNorthernHemispherefromthededicated JAST/T80 telescope at the Observatorio Astrofísico de Javalambre (OAJ). The T80Cam is a camera with a field of view of 2 deg2 mountedon a telescopewith a diameter of 83 cm, and isequippedwith a uniquesystem of filtersspanningtheentireopticalrange (3500–10 000 Å). Thisfiltersystemis a combination of broad-, medium-, and narrow-band filters, optimallydesigned to extracttherest-framespectralfeatures (the 3700–4000 Å Balmer break region, Hδ, Ca H+K, the G band, and the Mg b and Ca triplets) that are key to characterizingstellartypes and delivering a low-resolutionphotospectrumforeach pixel of theobservedsky. With a typicaldepth of AB ∼21.25 mag per band, thisfilter set thusallowsforanunbiased and accuratecharacterization of thestellarpopulation in our Galaxy, itprovidesanunprecedented 2D photospectralinformationforall resolved galaxies in the local Universe, as well as accuratephoto-z estimates (at the δ z/(1 + z)∼0.005–0.03 precisionlevel) formoderatelybright (up to r ∼ 20 mag) extragalacticsources. Whilesomenarrow-band filters are designedforthestudy of particular emissionfeatures ([O II]/λ3727, Hα/λ6563) up to z < 0.017, theyalsoprovidewell-definedwindowsfortheanalysis of otheremissionlines at higherredshifts. As a result, J-PLUS has thepotential to contribute to a widerange of fields in Astrophysics, both in thenearbyUniverse (MilkyWaystructure, globular clusters, 2D IFU-likestudies, stellarpopulations of nearby and moderate-redshiftgalaxies, clusters of galaxies) and at highredshifts (emission-line galaxies at z ≈ 0.77, 2.2, and 4.4, quasi-stellarobjects, etc.). Withthispaper, wereleasethefirst∼1000 deg2 of J-PLUS data, containingabout 4.3 millionstars and 3.0 milliongalaxies at r <  21mag. With a goal of 8500 deg2 forthe total J-PLUS footprint, thesenumbers are expected to rise to about 35 millionstars and 24 milliongalaxiesbytheend of thesurvey.Funding for the J-PLUS Project has been provided by the Governments of Spain and Aragón through the Fondo de Inversiones de Teruel, the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO; under grants AYA2017-86274-P, AYA2016-77846-P, AYA2016-77237-C3-1-P, AYA2015-66211-C2-1-P, AYA2015-66211-C2-2, AYA2012-30789, AGAUR grant SGR-661/2017, and ICTS-2009-14), and European FEDER funding (FCDD10-4E-867, FCDD13-4E-2685