ADOECIMENTO PSICOSSOMÁTICO EM MÃES QUE ESTÃO EXPOSTAS A VULNERABILIDADE DOS FILHOS ADICTOS

Objetivou-se verificar em mães de filhos adictos a possibilidade do adoecimento psicossomático quando expostas à vulnerabilidade do envolvimento das drogas. Estudo qualitativo, de natureza descritiva e exploratória. Como instrumentalização utilizou-se a Escala de Hamilton, Escala de Alexitimia de Toronto, Inventário de Estratégias de Coping de Folkman e Lazarus, e entrevista semiestruturada. Observou-se traços depressivos, alexítimicos e a presença de adoecimento psicossomático em virtude da exposição à vulnerabilidade envolvendo adicção, assim como os efeitos e consequências da dependência química que afetam diretamente à sociedade, à família, e, sobretudo às mães. Faz-se necessário atribuir importância aos serviços de saúde pública e a necessidade de uma rede de apoio articulada que propicie tratamento especializado para adicto e suporte de enfrentamento para a família

ANÁLISIS DE LA PREVALENCIA DE FACTORES DE RIESGO CARDIOVASCULAR EN ESTUDIANTES UNIVERSITARIOS

As doenças cardiovasculares representam um número alto e crescente de morbimortalidade mundial decorrente do estilo de vida.  Objetivou-se identificar a prevalência dos fatores de risco cardiovasculares entre os universitários de uma faculdade do interior de Minas Gerais. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, quantitativa, de delineamento transversal realizada com universitários da Faculdade Cidade de Coromandel (FCC), entre os meses de junho e julho de 2016. Utilizou-se um questionário sociodemográfico, as medidas antropométricas, o questionário Internacional de Atividade Física (IPAQ) na versão curta, seis questões relativas ao uso de bebidas alcoólicas e de tabaco e o questionário de avaliação dos Hábitos Alimentares.  Participaram do estudo 56 universitários de ambos os sexos (em partes iguais) que cursavam mais de 90 dias letivos de aula na faculdade, nos diversos cursos.  A faixa etária variou de 18 a 55 anos com uma prevalência maior entre 21 e 29 anos em ambos os sexos (21,5% do sexo masculino e 26,8% do sexo feminino). A maior parte cursa Educação Física (30,4%), possuía o financiamento estudantil da própria instituição (50,0%), eram solteiros (75,0%), com emprego fixo e remunerado (76,7%), com renda individual mensal de até um salário mínimo (44,6%) e renda familiar mensal entre dois e cinco salários mínimos (48,2%). Afirmaram morar com a família (96,4%), com média de quatro pessoas na residência (35,7%). Identificou-se que o índice de alterações das variáveis analisadas foi superior no sexo masculino (06), com alterações na hipertensão arterial, no sobrepeso/obesidade, no sedentarismo, no tabagismo, no etilismo e nos hábitos alimentares. As mulheres apresentaram maiores alterações na variável circunferência abdominal (30,3%). Grande parte dos universitários possui de dois a quatro fatores de risco cardiovascular (homens 37,5% e mulheres 32,1%).  Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre a estratificação do sedentarismo em relação à alimentação, concluindo que neste estudo o primeiro não interfere no segundo.  A prevalência encontrada foi de 1,0, considerando que todos os participantes possuem ao menos um fator de risco cardiovascular. Apesar dos homens apresentarem maiores alterações nas variáveis que compõem os fatores de risco cardiovasculares, as mulheres apresentaram alta prevalência nos fatores de risco, já que os resultados das variáveis não são mutuamente exclusivos. Verifica-se há necessidade de planejamento e implantação de propostas que visem modificar os hábitos de vida dos indivíduos, principalmente por parte do educador físico.Cardiovascular diseases represent a high number and increased morbidity and mortality worldwide due to the style of life. The objective of this study was to identify the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among students of a college in the interior of Minas GeraisThis is a descriptive research, quantitative analysis of cross-sectional design carried out with students of the Faculdade Cidade de Coromandel (FCC), between the months of June and July 2016.  We used a sociodemographic questionnaire, anthropometric measurements, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) in the short version and six questions relating to the use of alcoholic beverages and tobacco and the questionnaire for the evaluation of food habits. The study included 56 students of both sexes (in equal parts) that were more than 90 school days in the classroom in college, in various courses.  The age group ranged from 18 to 55 years with a higher prevalence between 21 and 29 years in both sexes (21.5% of male and 26.8% female). The majority is physical education (30.4%), had the student financing of the institution itself (50.0%), were single (75.0%), with regular paid employment (76.7%), with individual income of up to one minimum wage (44.6%) and monthly family income between two and five times the minimum wage (48.2%).   They live with the family (96.4%), with an average of four people in residence (35.7%). It was found that the rate of change of variables analyzed was higher in males (06), with changes in arterial hypertension, in overweight/obesity, in sedentary lifestyle, smoking, in alcoholism and in eating habits. The women had greater changes in variable abdominal circumference (30.3%). The vast majority of students has two to four risk factors for cardiovascular disease (men 37.5% and women 32.1%). There was no statistically significant difference between the stratification of sedentary lifestyle in relation to food, concluding that in this study the first does not interfere in the second. The prevalence was 1.0, whereas all participants have at least one cardiovascular risk factor. In spite of the men make major changes in the variables that compose the factors of cardiovascular risk  factors, women had a high prevalence in risk factors, since the results of the variables are not mutually exclusive.  It is proved there is a need for planning and implementation of proposals to modify the life habits of individuals, especially on the part  of the physical educator.Las enfermedades cardiovasculares representan un alto número y una mayor morbilidad y mortalidad en todo el mundo debido al estilo de vida. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar la prevalencia de factores de riesgo cardiovascular entre los estudiantes de una universidad en el interior de Minas Gerais. Se trata de una investigación descriptiva, análisis cuantitativo del diseño transversal realizado con estudiantes de la Faculdade Cidade de Coromandel (FCC) , entre los meses de junio y julio de 2016. Utilizamos un cuestionario sociodemográfico, mediciones antropométricas, el Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física (IPAQ) en la versión corta y seis preguntas relacionadas con el uso de bebidas alcohólicas y tabaco y el cuestionario para la evaluación de hábitos alimenticios. El estudio incluyó a 56 estudiantes de ambos sexos (en partes iguales) que estuvieron más de 90 días escolares en el aula en la universidad, en varios cursos. El grupo de edad osciló entre 18 y 55 años con una mayor prevalencia entre 21 y 29 años en ambos sexos (21,5% de hombres y 26,8% de mujeres). La mayoría es educación física (30.4%), tenía la financiación estudiantil de la propia institución (50.0%), eran solteros (75.0%), con empleo regular remunerado (76.7%), con ingresos individuales de hasta un salario mínimo (44.6 %) e ingresos familiares mensuales entre dos y cinco veces el salario mínimo (48.2%). Viven con la familia (96.4%), con un promedio de cuatro personas en residencia (35.7%). Se encontró que la tasa de cambio de las variables analizadas fue mayor en los hombres (06), con cambios en la hipertensión arterial, en el sobrepeso / obesidad, en el estilo de vida sedentario, el tabaquismo, el alcoholismo y los hábitos alimenticios. Las mujeres tuvieron mayores cambios en la circunferencia abdominal variable (30,3%). La gran mayoría de los estudiantes tiene de dos a cuatro factores de riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular (hombres 37.5% y mujeres 32.1%). No hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre la estratificación del estilo de vida sedentario en relación con la comida, concluyendo que en este estudio el primero no interfiere en el segundo. La prevalencia fue de 1,0, mientras que todos los participantes tienen al menos un factor de riesgo cardiovascular. A pesar de que los hombres hicieron cambios importantes en las variables que componen los factores de factores de riesgo cardiovascular, las mujeres tuvieron una alta prevalencia en los factores de riesgo, ya que los resultados de las variables no son mutuamente excluyentes. Está comprobado que es necesario planificar e implementar propuestas para modificar los hábitos de vida de las personas, especialmente por parte del educador físico

An unusual case of bacillary angiomatosis in the oral cavity of an AIDS patient who had no concomitant tegumentary lesions – case report and review

Bacillary angiomatosis (BA) is an angioproliferative disease of immunocompromised patients that usually presents as vascular tumors in the skin and subcutaneous tissues. It is caused by chronic infections with either Bartonella henselae or B. quintana. Oral cavity BA is exceedingly rare and even rarer without simultaneous cutaneous disease. We report herein the case of a 51-year-old HIV-infected man who presented severe odynophagia and an eroded lesion on the hard palate that progressed to an oronasal fistula. No cutaneous lesions were recorded. Doxycycline led to complete resolution. To the best of our knowledge, only six previous cases of oral BA without tegumentary disease have been previously reported and none of them progressed to fistula

O uso de drogas por motoristas caminhoneiros e o comportamento de risco nas estradas

Justification and Objective: Verify the drugs use by truck drivers and the risk exposure and lifestyle on roads. Since the drugs are increasingly present among truck drivers, and since they are active in transit they need to realize that as a result of bad habits its mandatory not put at risk their health condition and prevent social complications. Method: This is a quantitative, descriptive and exploratory study with 31 drivers of a dairy cooperative. It was applied a questionnaire with 34 questions related to risk exposure and traffic lifestyle and the ASSIST Test. Statistical analyzes were performed by Epi Info®. The significance level used was pJustificativa e objetivos: verificar o uso de drogas por motoristas caminhoneiros e a exposição do risco e o estilo de vida nas estradas. Visto que, as drogas estão cada vez mais presentes entre os caminhoneiros, e, por serem atuante no trânsito, necessita perceber em decorrência dos maus hábitos a necessidade que não o expõem em risco a condição de saúde e evitem complicações sociais. Métodos: trata se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo e exploratório com 31 motoristas de uma cooperativa de laticínios. Aplicou-se um Questionário elaborado com 34 questões referente à Exposição de Risco e ao Estilo de Vida no Trânsito, e o Teste ASSIST. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas pelo programa estatístico Epi Info®. O nível de significância de

Identification and characterization of expressed retrotransposons in the genome of the Paracoccidioides species complex

Background: Species from the Paracoccidioides complex are thermally dimorphic fungi and the causative agents of paracoccidioidomycosis, a deep fungal infection that is the most prevalent systemic mycosis in Latin America and represents the most important cause of death in immunocompetent individuals with systemic mycosis in Brazil. We previously described the identification of eight new families of DNA transposons in Paracoccidioides genomes. in this work, we aimed to identify potentially active retrotransposons in Paracoccidioides genomes.Results: We identified five different retrotransposon families (four LTR-like and one LINE-like element) in the genomes of three Paracoccidioides isolates. Retrotransposons were present in all of the genomes analyzed. P. brasiliensis and P. lutzii species harbored the same retrotransposon lineages but differed in their copy numbers. in the Pb01, Pb03 and Pb18 genomes, the number of LTR retrotransposons was higher than the number of LINE-like elements, and the LINE-like element RtPc5 was transcribed in Paracoccidioides lutzii (Pb01) but could not be detected in P. brasiliensis (Pb03 and Pb18) by semi-quantitative RT-PCR.Conclusion: Five new potentially active retrotransposons have been identified in the genomic assemblies of the Paracoccidioides species complex using a combined computational and experimental approach. the distribution across the two known species, P. brasiliensis and P. lutzii, and phylogenetics analysis indicate that these elements could have been acquired before speciation occurred. the presence of active retrotransposons in the genome may have implications regarding the evolution and genetic diversification of the Paracoccidioides genus.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Inst Ciencias Biol, Dept Microbiol, BR-31270901 Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilUniv Fed Minas Gerais, Inst Ciencias Biol, Programa Posgrad Bioinformat, BR-31270901 Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Dept Microbiol Imunol & Parasitol, BR-04023062 São Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Brasilia, Inst Ciencias Biol, Lab Biol Mol, BR-70910900 Brasilia, DF, BrazilUniv Fed Goias, Inst Ciencias Biol, Lab Biol Mol, BR-74001970 Goiania, Go, BrazilFIOCRUZ Minas, Ctr Pesquisas Rene Rachou, Grp Informat Biossistemas, BR-30190002 Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilUniv Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Biol Geral, BR-31270901 Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Dept Microbiol Imunol & Parasitol, BR-04023062 São Paulo, SP, BrazilFAPEMIG: APQ-01661-13CNPq: 301652/2012-0CNPq: 486618/2013-7Web of Scienc

An unusual case of bacillary angiomatosis in the oral cavity of an AIDS patient who had no concomitant tegumentary lesions – case report and review

ABSTRACT Bacillary angiomatosis (BA) is an angioproliferative disease of immunocompromised patients that usually presents as vascular tumors in the skin and subcutaneous tissues. It is caused by chronic infections with either Bartonella henselae or B. quintana. Oral cavity BA is exceedingly rare and even rarer without simultaneous cutaneous disease. We report herein the case of a 51-year-old HIV-infected man who presented severe odynophagia and an eroded lesion on the hard palate that progressed to an oronasal fistula. No cutaneous lesions were recorded. Doxycycline led to complete resolution. To the best of our knowledge, only six previous cases of oral BA without tegumentary disease have been previously reported and none of them progressed to fistula

Microcephaly epidemic related to the Zika virus and living conditions in Recife, Northeast Brazil.

BACKGROUND: Starting in August 2015, there was an increase in the number of cases of neonatal microcephaly in Northeast Brazil. These findings were identified as being an epidemic of microcephaly related to Zika virus (ZIKV) infection. The present study aims to analyse the spatial distribution of microcephaly cases in Recife (2015-2016), which is in Northeast Brazil, and its association with the living conditions in this city. METHODS: This was an ecological study that used data from reported cases of microcephaly from the State Health Department of Pernambuco (August 2015 to July 2016). The basic spatial unit of analysis was the 94 districts of Recife. The case definition of microcephaly was: neonates with a head circumference of less than the cut-off point of -2 standard deviations below the mean value from the established Fenton growth curve. As an indicator of the living conditions of the 94 districts, the percentage of heads of households with an income of less than twice the minimum wage was calculated. The districts were classified into four homogeneous strata using the K-means clustering algorithm. We plotted the locations of each microcephaly case over a layer of living conditions. RESULTS: During the study period, 347 microcephaly cases were reported, of which 142 (40.9%) fulfilled the definition of a microcephaly case. Stratification of the 94 districts resulted in the identification of four strata. The highest stratum in relation to the living conditions presented the lowest prevalence rate of microcephaly, and the overall difference between this rate and the rates of the other strata was statistically significant. The results of the Kruskal-Wallis test demonstrated that there was a strong association between a higher prevalence of microcephaly and poor living conditions. After the first 6 months of the study period, there were no microcephaly cases recorded within the population living in the richest socio-economic strata. CONCLUSION: This study showed that those residing in areas with precarious living conditions had a higher prevalence of microcephaly compared with populations with better living conditions

INVESTIGAÇÃO DAS CAUSAS E TRATAMENTOS DA DERMATITE ATÓPICA EM CRIANÇAS

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease, common in children, which significantly affects the quality of life of patients and their families. Its clinical management addresses a variety of challenges, including the disease's heterogeneity, associated psychosocial symptoms, and the need for effective and personalized therapies.  Objective: This study aims to conduct an integrative literature review to synthesize current knowledge about atopic dermatitis in children, exploring conventional and emerging therapeutic approaches, as well as challenges and future perspectives in clinical management of the disease. Methodology: The integrative review was conducted through systematic search of scientific articles in electronic databases, using search terms related to atopic dermatitis in children. Studies addressing clinical, therapeutic, and epidemiological aspects of the disease, published in the last 10 years, were included. Results: Analysis of the selected studies highlighted a variety of therapeutic approaches for managing atopic dermatitis in children, including topical therapies, phototherapy, systemic treatments, and new emerging therapeutic options, such as targeted biological therapies and modulation of the cutaneous microbiome. Additionally, challenges in research and clinical management of the disease were identified, including the heterogeneity of atopic dermatitis, associated comorbidities, and the psychosocial impact on quality of life. Conclusion: In conclusion, atopic dermatitis in children remains a significant clinical challenge, requiring an integrated and personalized approach for effective management of the disease. Advances in understanding underlying mechanisms, along with the development of new targeted therapies, promise to improve outcomes for pediatric patients affected by this chronic dermatological condition.A dermatite atópica é uma doença inflamatória crônica da pele, comum em crianças, que afeta significativamente a qualidade de vida dos pacientes e suas famílias. Seu manejo clínico aborda uma variedade de desafios, incluindo a heterogeneidade da doença, os sintomas psicossociais associados e a necessidade de terapias eficazes e personalizadas.Objetivo: Este estudo tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão integrativa da literatura para sintetizar o conhecimento atual sobre a dermatite atópica em crianças, explorando as abordagens terapêuticas convencionais e emergentes, bem como os desafios e perspectivas futuras no manejo clínico da doença. Metodologia: A revisão integrativa foi realizada por meio da busca sistemática de artigos científicos em bases de dados eletrônicas, utilizando termos de pesquisa relacionados à dermatite atópica em crianças. Foram incluídos estudos que abordavam aspectos clínicos, terapêuticos e epidemiológicos da doença, publicados nos últimos 10 anos. Resultados: A análise dos estudos selecionados destacou uma variedade de abordagens terapêuticas para o manejo da dermatite atópica em crianças, incluindo terapias tópicas, fototerapia, tratamentos sistêmicos e novas opções terapêuticas emergentes, como terapias biológicas direcionadas e modulação do microbioma cutâneo. Além disso, foram identificados desafios na pesquisa e no manejo clínico da doença, incluindo a heterogeneidade da dermatite atópica, comorbidades associadas e o impacto psicossocial na qualidade de vida. Conclusão: Em conclusão, a dermatite atópica em crianças continua a ser um desafio clínico significativo, exigindo uma abordagem integrada e personalizada para o manejo eficaz da doença. Avanços na compreensão dos mecanismos subjacentes, juntamente com o desenvolvimento de novas terapias direcionadas, prometem melhorar os resultados para os pacientes pediátricos afetados por essa condição dermatológica crônica

Evaluation of postural balance in postmenopausal women and its relationship with bone mineral density- a cross sectional study

Background: Low bone mineral density (BMD) and falls are common problems encountered in the postmenopausal women. The purpose was to evaluate the association between postural balance and BMD in postmenopausal women and its relation to risk for falls.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 225 women in amenorrhea > 12 months and age >= 45 years were included and divided, according to BMD, in T-score values > -2.0 SD (n = 140) and <= -2 SD (n = 85). Those with neurological or musculoskeletal disorders, history of vestibulopathies, uncorrected visual deficit or drug use that could affect balance were excluded. History of falls (last 24 months), clinical and anthropometric characteristics were evaluated. Postural balance was assessed by stabilometry (force platform). For statistical analysis were used Wilcoxon's Test, Chi-Square Test and logistic regression method for fall risk (Odds Ratio-OR).Results: Patients with BMD > -2.0 SD were younger, with shorter time since menopause, and showed higher BMI as compared to those with low BMD (<= -2 SD) (p < 0.05). It was observed that 57.8% of the participants reported fall episodes without significant difference distribution between the groups (p = 0.055). No differences were found from the comparison between the groups (p > 0.05) for stabilometric parameters. Risk for falls increased with age (OR 1.07; CI 95% 1.01-1.13), current smoking (OR 2.19; CI 95% 1.22-3.21) and corrected visual deficit (OR 9.06; CI 95% 1.14-4.09). In contrast, hormone therapy (HT) use was significantly associated with reduced risk for falls (OR 0.48; CI 95% 0.26-0.88).Conclusions: In postmenopausal women, BMD did not show association with postural balance or risk for falls. Age, smoking and corrected visual deficit were clinical indicators of risk for falls whereas HT use showed to be a protective factor

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio