Influence of Inner Shell Structure on the Encapsulation Behavior of Dexamethasone and Tacrolimus

We here present the synthesis and characterization of a set of biodegradable core–multishell (CMS) nanocarriers. The CMS nanocarrier structure consists of hyperbranched polyglycerol (hPG) as core material, a hydrophobic (12, 15, 18, 19, and 36 C-atoms) inner and a polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether (mPEG) outer shell that were conjugated by ester bonds only to reduce the toxicity of metabolites. The loading capacities (LC) of the drugs, dexamethasone and tacrolimus, and the aggregate formation, phase transitions, and degradation kinetics were determined. The intermediate inner shell length (C15) system had the best overall performance with good LCs for both drugs as well as a promising degradation and release kinetics, which are of interest for dermal deliver

Peri-operative red blood cell transfusion in neonates and infants: NEonate and Children audiT of Anaesthesia pRactice IN Europe: A prospective European multicentre observational study

BACKGROUND: Little is known about current clinical practice concerning peri-operative red blood cell transfusion in neonates and small infants. Guidelines suggest transfusions based on haemoglobin thresholds ranging from 8.5 to 12 g dl-1, distinguishing between children from birth to day 7 (week 1), from day 8 to day 14 (week 2) or from day 15 (≥week 3) onwards. OBJECTIVE: To observe peri-operative red blood cell transfusion practice according to guidelines in relation to patient outcome. DESIGN: A multicentre observational study. SETTING: The NEonate-Children sTudy of Anaesthesia pRactice IN Europe (NECTARINE) trial recruited patients up to 60 weeks' postmenstrual age undergoing anaesthesia for surgical or diagnostic procedures from 165 centres in 31 European countries between March 2016 and January 2017. PATIENTS: The data included 5609 patients undergoing 6542 procedures. Inclusion criteria was a peri-operative red blood cell transfusion. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary endpoint was the haemoglobin level triggering a transfusion for neonates in week 1, week 2 and week 3. Secondary endpoints were transfusion volumes, 'delta haemoglobin' (preprocedure - transfusion-triggering) and 30-day and 90-day morbidity and mortality. RESULTS: Peri-operative red blood cell transfusions were recorded during 447 procedures (6.9%). The median haemoglobin levels triggering a transfusion were 9.6 [IQR 8.7 to 10.9] g dl-1 for neonates in week 1, 9.6 [7.7 to 10.4] g dl-1 in week 2 and 8.0 [7.3 to 9.0] g dl-1 in week 3. The median transfusion volume was 17.1 [11.1 to 26.4] ml kg-1 with a median delta haemoglobin of 1.8 [0.0 to 3.6] g dl-1. Thirty-day morbidity was 47.8% with an overall mortality of 11.3%. CONCLUSIONS: Results indicate lower transfusion-triggering haemoglobin thresholds in clinical practice than suggested by current guidelines. The high morbidity and mortality of this NECTARINE sub-cohort calls for investigative action and evidence-based guidelines addressing peri-operative red blood cell transfusions strategies. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT02350348

<scp>ReSurveyEurope</scp>: A database of resurveyed vegetation plots in Europe

AbstractAimsWe introduce ReSurveyEurope — a new data source of resurveyed vegetation plots in Europe, compiled by a collaborative network of vegetation scientists. We describe the scope of this initiative, provide an overview of currently available data, governance, data contribution rules, and accessibility. In addition, we outline further steps, including potential research questions.ResultsReSurveyEurope includes resurveyed vegetation plots from all habitats. Version 1.0 of ReSurveyEurope contains 283,135 observations (i.e., individual surveys of each plot) from 79,190 plots sampled in 449 independent resurvey projects. Of these, 62,139 (78%) are permanent plots, that is, marked in situ, or located with GPS, which allow for high spatial accuracy in resurvey. The remaining 17,051 (22%) plots are from studies in which plots from the initial survey could not be exactly relocated. Four data sets, which together account for 28,470 (36%) plots, provide only presence/absence information on plant species, while the remaining 50,720 (64%) plots contain abundance information (e.g., percentage cover or cover–abundance classes such as variants of the Braun‐Blanquet scale). The oldest plots were sampled in 1911 in the Swiss Alps, while most plots were sampled between 1950 and 2020.ConclusionsReSurveyEurope is a new resource to address a wide range of research questions on fine‐scale changes in European vegetation. The initiative is devoted to an inclusive and transparent governance and data usage approach, based on slightly adapted rules of the well‐established European Vegetation Archive (EVA). ReSurveyEurope data are ready for use, and proposals for analyses of the data set can be submitted at any time to the coordinators. Still, further data contributions are highly welcome.</jats:sec

Taql and Mspl RFLPs are detected by the human 2,3-biphosphoglycerate mutase (BPGM) cDNA

No abstract availabl

Biodegradable Core–Multishell Nanocarriers : Influence of Inner Shell Structure on the Encapsulation Behavior of Dexamethasone and Tacrolimus

We here present the synthesis and characterization of a set of biodegradable core–multishell (CMS) nanocarriers. The CMS nanocarrier structure consists of hyperbranched polyglycerol (hPG) as core material, a hydrophobic (12, 15, 18, 19, and 36 C-atoms) inner and a polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether (mPEG) outer shell that were conjugated by ester bonds only to reduce the toxicity of metabolites. The loading capacities (LC) of the drugs, dexamethasone and tacrolimus, and the aggregate formation, phase transitions, and degradation kinetics were determined. The intermediate inner shell length (C15) system had the best overall performance with good LCs for both drugs as well as a promising degradation and release kinetics, which are of interest for dermal delivery.publishe

astropy/pytest-arraydiff: v0.6.0 Release Notes

&lt;h2&gt;What's Changed&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;add initial pandas HDF fileformat by @wkerzendorf in https://github.com/astropy/pytest-arraydiff/pull/23&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;update python version classifiers by @alexmalins in https://github.com/astropy/pytest-arraydiff/pull/32&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Pass &lt;code&gt;atol&lt;/code&gt; parameter to FITSDiff by @svank in https://github.com/astropy/pytest-arraydiff/pull/33&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Test inside &lt;code&gt;pytest_runtest_call&lt;/code&gt; hook by @ConorMacBride in https://github.com/astropy/pytest-arraydiff/pull/36&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Updated continuous integration by @astrofrog in https://github.com/astropy/pytest-arraydiff/pull/38&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; &lt;h2&gt;New Contributors&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;@wkerzendorf made their first contribution in https://github.com/astropy/pytest-arraydiff/pull/23&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;@alexmalins made their first contribution in https://github.com/astropy/pytest-arraydiff/pull/32&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;@svank made their first contribution in https://github.com/astropy/pytest-arraydiff/pull/33&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;@ConorMacBride made their first contribution in https://github.com/astropy/pytest-arraydiff/pull/36&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Full Changelog&lt;/strong&gt;: https://github.com/astropy/pytest-arraydiff/compare/v0.5.0...v0.6.0&lt;/p&gt

GammapyVersion 0.19

Gammapy is a community-developed, open-source Python package for gamma-ray astronomy built on Numpy, Scipy and Astropy. It is the core library for the CTA science tools and can also be used to analyse data from existing imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs), such as H.E.S.S., MAGIC and VERITAS. It also provides some support for Fermi-LAT and HAWC data analysis