941 research outputs found
Generic Intent Representation in Web Search
This paper presents GEneric iNtent Encoder (GEN Encoder) which learns a
distributed representation space for user intent in search. Leveraging large
scale user clicks from Bing search logs as weak supervision of user intent, GEN
Encoder learns to map queries with shared clicks into similar embeddings
end-to-end and then finetunes on multiple paraphrase tasks. Experimental
results on an intrinsic evaluation task - query intent similarity modeling -
demonstrate GEN Encoder's robust and significant advantages over previous
representation methods. Ablation studies reveal the crucial role of learning
from implicit user feedback in representing user intent and the contributions
of multi-task learning in representation generality. We also demonstrate that
GEN Encoder alleviates the sparsity of tail search traffic and cuts down half
of the unseen queries by using an efficient approximate nearest neighbor search
to effectively identify previous queries with the same search intent. Finally,
we demonstrate distances between GEN encodings reflect certain information
seeking behaviors in search sessions
Microbiological assessment and evaluation of rehydration instructions on powdered infant formulas, follow-up formulas, and infant foods in Malaysia
A total of 90 samples comprised of powdered infant formulas (51), follow-up formulas (21) and infant foods (18) from 15 domestic and imported brands were purchased from various retailers in Klang Valley, Malaysia and evaluated in terms of microbiological quality and the similarity of rehydration instructions on the product label to guidelines set by the World Health Organization. Microbiological analysis included the determination of aerobic plate count (APC) and the presence of Enterobacteriaceae and Cronobacter spp. Isolates of interest were identified using ID 32E (bioMerieuxŸ). In this study 87% of powdered infant formulas, follow-up formulas and infant foods analyzed had aerobic plate counts below the permitted level of 70°C for formula preparation as specified by the 2008 revised World Health Organization guidelines. Six brands instructed the use of water at 40-55°C, a temperature range which would support the survival and even growth of Enterobacteriaceae
Grouped graphical Granger modeling for gene expression regulatory networks discovery
We consider the problem of discovering gene regulatory networks from time-series microarray data. Recently, graphical Granger modeling has gained considerable attention as a promising direction for addressing this problem. These methods apply graphical modeling methods on time-series data and invoke the notion of âGranger causalityâ to make assertions on causality through inference on time-lagged effects. Existing algorithms, however, have neglected an important aspect of the problemâthe group structure among the lagged temporal variables naturally imposed by the time series they belong to. Specifically, existing methods in computational biology share this shortcoming, as well as additional computational limitations, prohibiting their effective applications to the large datasets including a large number of genes and many data points. In the present article, we propose a novel methodology which we term âgrouped graphical Granger modeling methodâ, which overcomes the limitations mentioned above by applying a regression method suited for high-dimensional and large data, and by leveraging the group structure among the lagged temporal variables according to the time series they belong to. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology on both simulated and actual gene expression data, specifically the human cancer cell (HeLa S3) cycle data. The simulation results show that the proposed methodology generally exhibits higher accuracy in recovering the underlying causal structure. Those on the gene expression data demonstrate that it leads to improved accuracy with respect to prediction of known links, and also uncovers additional causal relationships uncaptured by earlier works
Computing Volume Bounds of Inclusions by EIT Measurements
The size estimates approach for Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) allows
for estimating the size (area or volume) of an unknown inclusion in an
electrical conductor by means of one pair of boundary measurements of voltage
and current. In this paper we show by numerical simulations how to obtain such
bounds for practical application of the method. The computations are carried
out both in a 2D and a 3D setting.Comment: 20 pages with figure
Measurement of the Crab nebula polarization at 90 GHz as a calibrator for CMB experiments
CMB experiments aiming at a precise measurement of the CMB polarization, such
as the Planck satellite, need a strong polarized absolute calibrator on the sky
to accurately set the detectors polarization angle and the cross-polarization
leakage. As the most intense polarized source in the microwave sky at angular
scales of few arcminutes, the Crab nebula will be used for this purpose. Our
goal was to measure the Crab nebula polarization characteristics at 90 GHz with
unprecedented precision. The observations were carried out with the IRAM 30m
telescope employing the correlation polarimeter XPOL and using two orthogonally
polarized receivers. We processed the Stokes I, Q, and U maps from our
observations in order to compute the polarization angle and linear polarization
fraction. The first is almost constant in the region of maximum emission in
polarization with a mean value of alpha_Sky=152.1+/-0.3 deg in equatorial
coordinates, and the second is found to reach a maximum of Pi=30% for the most
polarized pixels. We find that a CMB experiment having a 5 arcmin circular beam
will see a mean polarization angle of alpha_Sky=149.9+/-0.2 deg and a mean
polarization fraction of Pi=8.8+/-0.2%.Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A, 9 pages, 4 figure
Voluntary Intake and Digestibility in Horses: Individual Variability in the Effect of Forage Quality
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