Adaptación y validación de pruebas de competencia motriz en escolares con Síndrome de Down

Premio de la Sociedad de Condueños 2012Las alteraciones de la motricidad son comunes en personas con síndrome de Down. En el presente estudio se ha analizado la aplicabilidad de algunas tareas incluidas en los test motores MABC -Movement Assessment Battery for Children- y Stay in Step, y de la Escala de Observación de la Competencia Motriz (ECOMI) que miden la competencia motriz infantil en escolares sin discapacidades, en niños y niñas de nueve a catorce años con este síndrome. Los principales objetivos fueron: ¿Estudiar la aplicabilidad de las tres pruebas motrices en niños y niñas con síndrome de Down. ¿Evaluar la coordinación motora de estos niños, mediante la aplicación de las tres pruebas. ¿Evaluar el grado de desarrollo motor de estos niños, mediante la comparación con los baremos publicados de MABC y Stay in Step de escolares españoles de 4 a 6 años. ¿Analizar la fiabilidad y validez de las tres pruebas en niños con síndrome de Down. Los resultados obtenidos pueden resumirse en: ¿Los tests motores MABC, Stay in Step y la escala de obervación ECOMI, con algunas adaptaciones, son aplicables para evaluar la competencia motriz de escolares con síndrome de Down. ¿El grado de desarrollo motor de los niños con síndrome de Down de 9 a 14 años, medido por los tests MABC y Stay in Step, es inferior al promedio de la población española de escolares de cuatro a seis años

Adaptación y validación de pruebas de competencia motriz en escolares con Síndrome de Down

Premio de la Sociedad de Condueños 2012Las alteraciones de la motricidad son comunes en personas con síndrome de Down. En el presente estudio se ha analizado la aplicabilidad de algunas tareas incluidas en los test motores MABC -Movement Assessment Battery for Children- y Stay in Step, y de la Escala de Observación de la Competencia Motriz (ECOMI) que miden la competencia motriz infantil en escolares sin discapacidades, en niños y niñas de nueve a catorce años con este síndrome. Los principales objetivos fueron: ¿Estudiar la aplicabilidad de las tres pruebas motrices en niños y niñas con síndrome de Down. ¿Evaluar la coordinación motora de estos niños, mediante la aplicación de las tres pruebas. ¿Evaluar el grado de desarrollo motor de estos niños, mediante la comparación con los baremos publicados de MABC y Stay in Step de escolares españoles de 4 a 6 años. ¿Analizar la fiabilidad y validez de las tres pruebas en niños con síndrome de Down. Los resultados obtenidos pueden resumirse en: ¿Los tests motores MABC, Stay in Step y la escala de obervación ECOMI, con algunas adaptaciones, son aplicables para evaluar la competencia motriz de escolares con síndrome de Down. ¿El grado de desarrollo motor de los niños con síndrome de Down de 9 a 14 años, medido por los tests MABC y Stay in Step, es inferior al promedio de la población española de escolares de cuatro a seis años

Aplicabilidad del test MABC en escolares con síndrome de down

El presente estudio analiza la aplicabilidad de tests de coordinación y habilidad motriz, diseñados para la población infantil general, en escolares de Educación Física Especial. Para el estudio se selecciona una muestra de niños y niñas con síndrome de Down, de 9 y 10 años, del colegio de educación especial ¿María Corredentora¿ de Madrid. Se utilizan las pruebas del Test MABC para el tramo de 4 a 6 años de edad (con algunas adaptaciones) y la escala de observación ECOMI tomada como criterio de validez. Resultados y conclusiones: El módulo de 4 a 6 años del test MABC es aplicable, con ligeras modificaciones, para evaluar las habilidades motrices fundamentales de niños y niñas con síndrome de Down. El conjunto de las pruebas muestra coeficientes de fiabilidad y validez adecuados. El grado de desarrollo motor de estos niños (9 y 10 años), mediante la comparación con el baremo de MABC, es inferior al promedio de la población española de escolares de 4 a 6 años

Efeito do tamanho das partículas de calcário nos teores de Ca, Mg e K no solo e em plantas forrageiras

Liming increases crop production through improved soil conditions in acidic soils. Among the effects of liming, increased availabilities of alkaline and alkaline-earth cations are worth mention. These availabilities may be affected by the particle size of applied limestone, which influences lime reactivity. The effects of particle size and application schedule of magnesium limestone were investigated on extractable Ca, Mg and K in soil, their concentrations in sward plants and dry-matter yield. Magnesium limestone of various particle sizes was applied to experimental plots at a rate of 3 t ha-1, a grass-clover sward was sown, and the plots were monitored during three years. The finest limestone (< 0.25 mm) in a single application yielded the highest soil Ca and Mg concentrations extracted by Mehlich-3 and NH4Cl. The same limestone split in three annual doses was less effective. Plots treated with the coarsest limestone (2-4 mm) did not differ from control plots. Liming had no effect on potassium, either in soil or plants. Soil concentrations of Ca, Mg and K extracted by Mehlich-3 and NH4Cl were correlated with each other (r = 0.76, 0.75 and 0.67, respectively). NH4Cl extracted more Ca than Mehlich-3, while the latter extracted more Mg and K than NH4Cl. Soil Ca, Mg and K extracted by NH4Cl were also correlated to water extractions. Mg concentration in plants correlated to soil Mg extracted by NH4Cl or by water. Neither the concentrations nor the total contents of Ca and K in plants correlated with extractable soil Ca and K. The total dry matter yield was not affected by liming. The yield of sown species was higher in plots treated with the finest limestone than in plots limed with the coarsest limestone. Cations extracted by water or NH4Cl explained the variance of dry matter yield.A aplicação de calcário em solos ácidos promove aumento da produção agrícola por meio da melhoria das condições do solo. Entre os efeitos da calagem, o aumento da disponibilidade de cátions alcalinos e alcalino-terrosos são dignos de menção. Essas disponibilidades podem ser afetadas pelo tamanho das partículas do calcário aplicado, que influencia a solubilidade do mesmo. Investigaram-se os efeitos da granulometria e épocas de aplicação de calcário magnesiano nos cátions trocáveis Ca, Mg e K extraidos no solo, nas suas concentrações em plantas crescidas cultivadas nesse solo e no rendimento das suas matérias secas. Vários tamanhos de partículas de calcário magnesiano foram aplicadas às parcelas experimentais, a uma taxa de 3 t ha-1, gramíneas e trevo foram plantados e as parcelas foram monitoradas durante três anos. O calcário mais fino (< 0,25 mm) em uma única aplicação proporcionou os maiores teores de Ca e Mg extraídos por Mehlich-3 e por NH4Cl. Este mesmo calcário quando aplicado parcelado em três doses anuais foi menos eficaz. Parcelas tratadas com o clacário mais grosseiro (2-4 mm) não diferiram da testemunha. A calagem não teve efeito sobre o potássio, quer seja no solo ou nas plantas. As concentrações no solo de Ca, Mg e K extraídos por Mehlich-3 e NH4Cl foram positivamente correlacionadas. O NH4Cl extraiu mais Ca do que o Mehlich-3, enquanto o segundo extraíu mais Mg e K do que o NH4Cl. O Ca, Mg e K extraídos pelo NH4Cl foram também correlacionados com extrações por água. Concentrações de Mg em plantas estão relacionadas com concentrações de Mg no solo extraídos pelo NH4Cl ou pela água. Nem as concentrações ou teores totais de Ca e K nas plantas correlacionaram-se com as concentrações extraídas de Ca e K do solo. O rendimento de matéria seca total não foi afetado pela calagem. A produtividade das espécies cultivadas foi maior nas parcelas tratadas com os calcários mais finos do que em parcelas com calcário mais grosseiro. Cátions extraídos pela água ou NH4Cl correlacionaram-se com a variação da produção de matéria seca.This research was supported by autonomous Government of GalicianS

Cadenas de valor en empresas de dulces típicos en Ciudad Nezahualcóyotl

In addition to being the largest generators of jobs in Mexico, micro and small businesses are also living organisms that fight for their survival at all times, give many and varied problems. One of the survival strategies has been collaborative work in different modalities, either in a complementary way as key allies in value chains, or groups of all sizes; This document aims to describe those favorable practices for their permanence and growth through the verification of some theoretical assumptions oriented towards the “value chain” analysis; with a mixed methodological approach; using as an example, a case study where value creation is observed, with a group of five micro entrepreneurs of the same business who have supported each other commercially, in difficult human and financial conditions, among others, with surprising results.La micro y pequeña empresa además de ser los mayores generadores de empleos en México, también son organismos vivos que luchan por su supervivencia en todo momento, ante muchos y variados problemas. Una de las estrategias de supervivencia, ha sido el trabajo colaborativo en distintas modalidades, ya sea de forma complementaria como aliados clave en cadenas de valor, o agrupaciones de todo tamaño; este documento tienecomo objetivo describir aquellas prácticas favorables para su permanencia y crecimiento a través de la comprobación de algunos supuestos teóricos orientados hacia el análisis de “cadena de valor”; con un enfoque metodológico mixto; utilizando como ejemplo, un estudio de caso donde se observa la creación de valor, con un grupo de cinco micro empresarios del mismo giro que se han apoyado de forma solidaria en lo comercial, en difíciles condiciones humanas, y financieras entre otras, con sorprendentes resultados

Influencia del apego en pacientes con obesidad mórbida candidatos a cirugía bariátrica. Estudio comparativo en función del género

El objetivo de este estudio es comprobar si las variables apego y genero guardan relación alguna con personas candidatas a cirugía bariátrica con obesidad mórbida en comparación con personas que no lo son. De los 274 individuos participantes en este estudio, 162 presentaban obesidad mórbida candidatas a dicha cirugía (72,76% mujeres y 27,33% hombres) y 112 formaron el grupo control, los cuales no presentaban obesidad (75% mujeres y 25 % hombres), seleccionados por el método de conveniencia. Los instrumentos utilizados han sido: Cuestionario de Apego Adulto y unas plantillas con datos sociodemográficos y clínicos. Los datos obtenidos en este estudio ponen de manifiesto que existe una mayor prevalencia de apego preocupado en el grupo no apto para la cirugía bariátrica en comparación con los otros dos grupos comparados. Atendiendo al género, se concluye que existen diferencias significativas, siendo las mujeres las que obtienen mayores puntuaciones en apego preocupadoThe aim of this study is to see if attachment and gender variables are linked in any way to those bariatric surgery sufferenig morbid obesity candidates, in comparison with people that are not. 274 people participated in this study; 162 suffered from morbid obesity and were candidates to the surgery (72.76% were women and 27.33% were men); 112 people were included in the control group and they didn’t suffer from morbid obesity (75% were women and 25% were men). All of them were selected by the convenience method. The instruments used were: Adult Attachment Questionnaire and socio-demographic and clinical data questionnaires. The results of the study show that there is a higher preoccupied attachment prevalence in the group that is not suitable for the bariatric surgery. Regarding gender, there are significant differences: women obtained higher scores in preoccupied attachment

Influence of chemistry and fiber diameter of electrospun PLA, PCL and their blend membranes, intended as cell supports, on their biological behavior

.The prevalence of osteoarthritis, a degenerative cartilage disease that causes joint surface erosion and loss of mobility, emphasizes the need of producing a functional articular cartilage replacement. Tissue engineering has been the focus of recent research as a possible strategy for cartilage regeneration and repair. The most widely used technique for the manufacture of nanofibers is polymer electrospinning. Polylactic acid (PLA) and polycaprolactone (PCL) have been proved particularly suitable for nanofiber preparation, with many biomedical applications. The main aim of this work was to evaluate the behavior of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) cultured on biomaterials of PLA, PCL and a combination of both (PLA/PCL), manufactured by electrospinning. We analyzed the bioactive properties of these cells in cultures on them, in terms of proliferation, adhesion, morphology, viability and differentiation. In addition, the influence of the thickness of the fibers in each biomaterial on these cellular characteristics was evaluated for their use in Cartilage Regenerative Medicine applications to promote chondrogenic differentiation. Depending on the parameter assessed, different results were obtained on each biomaterial. Using both polymers successful results on cellular viability were obtained, although in the case of PCL the cellular response in all the experiments was significantly better. As for the blends, positive outcomes were obtained, but they did not overtake the characteristics of PCL. Interestingly, ASCs were able to differentiate into chondrocytes without adding specific chondrogenic media in the three biomaterials tested. Moreover, a marked cell differentiation on PCL with 1.8 μm-fiber diameter and PLA/PCL blends was observed. These findings may play a key role in cartilage Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering.S

Diferencias de género en pacientes con obesidad mórbida candidatos a cirugía bariátrica: Influencia de ansiedad, depresión y autoestima

Debido a la gravedad actual de la obesidad mórbida, siendo causa de muerte de muchos casos en la población, la cirugía bariátrica es una buena solución para esta enfermedad. Ante dicha situación este estudio analiza las diferencias significativas que pueden darse entre un grupo de candidatos a cirugía bariátrica, un grupo no candidato a esta cirugía y una muestra control en diferentes variables, como son la ansiedad, la depresión y la autoestima, viéndose la posible influencia del género en todo ello. Se utilizó una muestra de 274 individuos a través de un método de selección de conveniencia. El diseño realizado fue ex post facto prospectivo. Una vez realizado el estudio, se concluye que existen diferencias significativas entre los tres grupos en todas las variables. Sin embargo, no existen dichas diferencias con respecto a los hombres en ninguna de las variables, excepto en autoestima.Currently, the majority of the morbid obesity patients die due to the severity levels of that disease, thus the bariatric surgery seems to be a good solution nowadays. Taking into account the actual situation, this research tries to analyse the significantly differences between a group of patients proposed to bariatric surgery, a group of patients who are not proposed to bariatric surgery and a control sample with different variables, such as anxiety, depression and self-steem, taking into account the possible gender influence among all conditions. The sample is composed of 274 individuals. The design was ex post facto prospective. The results of the research show significant differences between the 3 groups in all the variables conditions. However, there are no significant differences with the male group in any of the variables conditions, except for self-estee

The Effect of Weekly Training Load across a Competitive Microcycle on Contextual Variables in Professional Soccer

10 p.Analysis of the key performance variables in soccer is one of the most continuous and attractive research topics. Using global positioning devices (GPS), the primary aim of this study was to highlight the physiological response of a professional soccer team across competitive microcycles in-season according to the most influential contextual performance variables. Determining the training load (TL), a work ratio was established between all recorded data within the training sessions and the competitive profile (CP). Each microcycle was classified in accordance with the contextual variables: opponent level (high, medium, low), match location (home and away) and score (win, draw, lose). Results revealed that the team were significantly more successful (games won) in competitive games against high-level opponents and when played at home. Cumulative microcycle/ weekly training load (WTL) was significantly lower when the team won. In addition to the opponent level and the match location, WTL could condition the athlete?s performance in the competition. Competitive performance responses are the main source of information for the planning of training programs. The results of this study could be used as a reference to structure TL and WTL according to contextual variables in the competition. This study, which is the first of its kind, revealed that WTL effects the performance of the players in the competition

Subtropical cyclone formation via warm seclusion development: the importance of surface fluxes

Subtropical cyclones (STCs) are characterized by a thermal hybrid structure with tropical and extratropical features. STCs are considered a numerical modeling challenge because of their rapid intensification. A fundamental part of their strength is derived from diabatic processes associated with convection and heat fluxes from the ocean. This study evaluates the importance of surface turbulent heat fluxes during the transition of an extratropical precursor into a STC. This cyclone evolved embedded within a strong meridional flow, having a Shapiro‐Keyser structure and undergoing a warm seclusion process. To assess the importance of those heat fluxes, two Weather Research and Forecasting simulations were defined considering the presence and absence of those fluxes. Results of both simulations reveal a warm seclusion process, which weakened in absence of the heat fluxes. During the system genesis and in absence of heat fluxes, the wind and rainfall values were increased due to the remarkably intense area of frontogenesis to the northwest. Given these results and the lack of transition in the absence of heat fluxes, the frontal nature of the system was verified. Considering the heat fluxes, the obtained potential vorticity values diminished, reducing wind shear and intensifying convection in the system, which favored its transition into an STC. This study is groundbreaking in that no STC has been linked to a warm seclusion process in the Eastern North Atlantic. Additionally, simulated wind field shows an underestimation in comparison with Atmospheric Motion Vectors, used as observational data so as to give a weight to the wind analysis.This work was partially supported by research projects PCIN-2014-013-C07-04, PCIN2016-080 (UE ERA-NET Plus NEWA Project), CGL2016-78702-C2-1-R, CGL2016-78702-C2-2-R, and CGL2016-81828-REDT and the ECMWF special projects (SPESMART and SPESVALE)