Medium-sized and large mammals from Quedas do Rio Bonito Ecological Park, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Information about the occurrence of medium-sized and large mammals in the Cerrado and the Atlantic Forest is essential for monitoring the conservation status of these species in such biodiversity hotspots. This study presents the results of a survey of medium-sized and large mammals from Quedas do Rio Bonito Ecological Park, located in an ecotone between Cerrado and Atlantic Forest in Southeastern Brazil. Four sampling methods were used: sand plots, camera traps, line transects and tomahawk traps. We recorded 20 species belonging to 12 families and 7 orders, with a high occurrence of Carnivora (50%). We highlight the occurrence of five endangered species: Chrysocyon brachyurus, Leopardus pardalis, L. guttulus, Puma yagouaroundi and P. concolor. The species with the highest frequencies of occurrence were P. concolor (27%), C. brachyurus (17%), and Sylvilagus brasiliensis (13%). Our results confirm that, despite their small size, forest fragments are essential for “top-of-the-chain” species conservation in the region

Efeitos da criação de um reservatório de usina hidrelétrica em comunidades de pequenos mamíferos no Brasil central

Hydroelectrics are proposed as a solution to the increasing energy demand in developing countries. However, dams interrupt river flow; emit greenhouse gases, and cause habitat loss and fragmentation. Here, we evaluated changes in the diversity of small mammals during the construction of the Luís Eduardo Magalhães hydroelectric dam in central Brazil. Two sites, both located above the maximum filling of the dam, were sampled before (2001) and after (2002) the flooding. We used wire mesh traps and sherman traps for the total capture effort of 5,940 trap-nights. We captured 88 individuals from 13 species – 5 marsupials and 7 rodents. We expected an increase in the abundance of small mammals immediately after the flooding due to the fleeing of individuals from the flooded areas, with a following increase in density dependent mortality. However, our results indicated lower values of abundance and/or richness of small mammals after the flooding. In addition, live traps were frequently found overturned and with signs of attacks from potential predators of small mammals. Results suggested that predation pressure probably increased after the flooding, thereby causing a reduction in the abundance and/or richness of small mammals.Key words: reservoir, sustainability, flooding, marsupials, rodents, Cerrado.Usinas hidrelétricas são propostas como uma solução à crescente demanda de energia em países em desenvolvimento. No entanto, os reservatórios interrompem o fluxo dos rios, emitem gases do efeito estufa, e causam perda e fragmentação de habitat. Neste estudo nós avaliamos as mudanças na diversidade de pequenos mamíferos durante a construção da usina hidrelétrica Luís Eduardo Magalhães, no Brasil central. Duas áreas localizadas acima do enchimento máximo do reservatório foram amostradas antes (2001) e depois (2002) da inundação. Armadilhas de arame galvanizado e do tipo sherman foram utilizadas com um esforço total de captura de 5.940 armadilhas-noites. Foram capturados 88 indivíduos de 13 espécies (cinco marsupiais e sete roedores). Era esperado um aumento na abundância de pequenos mamíferos logo após o enchimento do reservatório, devido à fuga de indivíduos das áreas sendo inundadas, com o posterior aumento de mortalidade dependente de densidade. Entretanto, os resultados indicaram menores valores de abundância e/ou riqueza de pequenos mamíferos após o enchimento do reservatório. Adicionalmente, as armadilhas foram frequentemente encontradas tombadas e com vestígios de ataques de predadores potenciais de pequenos mamíferos. Assim, os resultados sugerem que a pressão de predação provavelmente aumentou após a inundação, resultando na redução da abundância e/ou riqueza de pequenos mamíferos.Palavras-chave: reservatório, sustentabilidade, inundação, marsupiais, roedores, Cerrado

Influência da disposição dos pitfalls e uso de isca na captura de pequenos mamíferos no Sul do estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil

Each kind of trap tends to be selective on species sampled, in a way that each one only reveals part of the abundance and species richness of the community sampled. In this way, in order to know the factors that affect the success of sampling methods is crucial for a better planning of experiments and data analysis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the factors that affect the success of pitfall traps in capturing small mammals, such as trap size, designs and use of bait. The study was carried out in two reserves inside the campus of the Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), in South Minas Gerais State, Brazil. In total, 65 specimens belonging to 8 species were caught. Different types of trap design (Y-shaped and I-shaped) have not influenced the capture success of pitfalls. The same result was obtained for the different size of buckets, in exception for Oligoryzomys flavescens, in which larger buckets were more efficient. The use of baits was considered not necessary

New morphological data and a phylogenetic hypothesis for Phaenomys (Rodentia, Cricetidae).

Sobre la base de 2 ejemplares del roedor Phaenomys ferrugineus (Thomas), endémico de la Selva Atlántica, se aporta información novedosa sobre su anatomía y resultados del primer análisis filogenético basado en secuencias de ADN que incluye al género. Este sigmodontino se caracteriza por un cráneo con crestas supraorbitarias marcadas, un importante desarrollo de la región basicraneana, un patrón de circulación carotídea primitiva, tegmen timpánico presente, barra alisfenoidea ausente y mandíbula con gran desarrollo del sector donde inserta el músculo pterigoideo interno. Phaenomys presenta 12 costillas, un estómago unilocular-hemiglandular, carece de vesícula biliar y muestra un ciego de gran tamaño. Una hipótesis filogenética basada en datos moleculares combinados de 2 marcadores sugiere su condición de hermano del género Wiedomys. Se discute la plausible existencia de un clado que podría estar conformado por géneros endémicos de la región sudoriental del subcontinente.Based on 2 collected specimens of the rodent Phaenomys ferrugineus (Thomas), an endemic species of the Atlantic Forest, novelty information about its anatomy is provided as well as the results of the first phylogenetic analysis based on DNA sequences including this genus. This sigmodontine is characterized by a skull with marked supraorbitary crests, a well developed basicranial region, a primitive circulatory carotid pattern, the presence of a tegmen tympani, the absence of alisphenoid strut, and a mandible showing an important development of theregion where the internal pterigoid muscle inserts. Phaenomys has 12 ribs, an unilocular-hemiglandular stomach, lacks gall bladder and has a large blind gut. A phylogeny based on the combined analysis of 2 molecular markers retrieves Phaenomys as sister to the genus Wiedomys. The plausible existence of a clade including endemic genera of the southeastern portion of the subcontinent, is discussed.Fil: Pardiñas, Ulises Francisco J.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Nacional Patagónico; ArgentinaFil: D'Elía, Guillermo. Universidad Austral de Chile; ChileFil: Lessa, Gisele. Universidade Federal de Viçosa; BrasilFil: Passamani, Marcelo. Universidade Federal de Lavras; BrasilFil: Teta, Pablo Vicente. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Nacional Patagónico; Argentin

First record of the bush dog Speothos venaticus in the Atlantic Forest of Minas Gerais, Brazil

The bush dog Speothos venaticus is a highly social Neotropical canid categorized globally on the IUCN Red List as Near Threatened, as Vulnerable in Brazil and as Critically Endangered in Minas Gerais, south-eastern Brazil, and the Atlantic Forest as a result of human pressure. As part of the monitoring of this mammal, during January 2019–March 2020 we placed one camera trap in each of 22 forest fragments in various landscapes in 15 municipalities in the state of Minas Gerais and one municipality in the state of Rio de Janeiro. On average, each camera trap was active for 4.3 months in each fragment. In a total of 2,856 trap-days we obtained the first record of S. venaticus in south-eastern Minas Gerais, c. 2 km from Serra de Santa Rita Mítzi Brandão Biological Reserve. This is the northernmost record of S. venaticus in the Atlantic Forest and highlights the importance of forest remnants in a fragmented landscape for this species. Further monitoring of this area should be a priority, to increase knowledge regarding the distribution of this species and for developing conservation strategies appropriate to these fragmented landscapes

Sexuality and Violence: Analysis of a LGBT Citizenship Parade in Campo Grande- MS

This article is the result of a 20191 survey done in the capital of Mato Grosso do Sul with the participants of the 18th LGBT Citizenship Parade of Campo Grande The aim of the text is to discuss the issues of violence against the LGBTQIA population As a result of the reserach we have the centrality of sexuality as the main marker used to consider the situation of vulnerability of the LGBTQIA population that participated in the Parade In analytical terms at first we present statistical data that show how sexuality and violence go hand in hand with regard to the vulnerability experiences of Campo Grande s LGBTQIA population In a second moment from an intersectional and post-structuralist perspective we examine the social conditions that place LGBTQIA people in situations of inequality when compared to the heterosexual populatio

Survey of medium-sized and large mammals in semideciduous Atlantic Forest patches near Alfenas, southern Minas Gerais, Brazil

We surveyed, with the aid of camera traps, medium-sized and large terrestrial mammals in 8 patches of semideciduous Atlantic Forest near the city of Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil. We recorded species occurrence using 2 camera traps per fragment, which were simultaneously active for 2 months each. We recorded 16 species, plus a species of armadillo that we were unable to identify to genus. The rarefaction curve tended to stabilize, evidencing the efficacy of our methods. The species richness was similar or higher to other surveys carried out in remnants of seasonal semideciduous Atlantic Forest or transitional areas. However, such seemingly high richness in a severely degraded and fragmented region, including large carnivores and endangered species, hides a wide variation in richness among fragments. This calls for urgent actions to improve the landscape for these animals to ensure their survival in the long term, as some populations are probably not viable in the long run.&nbsp

Male Prostitution in Brazil: A Panorama of the Theoretical Production

Desde 1984, quando surge o primeiro artigo sobre a prostituição masculina no Brasil, outras pesquisas têm explorado a temática no intuito de compreender as vivências de sujeitos que optam por praticar sexo tarifado para complementar sua renda. A partir de um levantamento bibliográfico, o presente estudo encontrou quarenta e cinco produções teóricas sobre prostituição masculina no Brasil. Com as pesquisas catalogadas, foi criado um perfil sociológico do que vem sendo discutido no país. Pretendemos mostrar como esse conhecimento é organizado regionalmente no Brasil em termos de produção. Além disso, apresentaremos as transformações operadas no campo nas últimas três décadas, a partir, por exemplo, da apropriação de diferentes espaços para o desenvolvimento deste “negócio”. Por fim, daremos especial atenção às questões que perpassam sexualidade, raça, profissão e estigmatização.Since 1984, when the first article on male prostitution in Brazil was published, other researches have been exploring this issue, seeking to comprehend the life experiences of subjects that have opted to practice rated sex to complement their earnings. Through a bibliographic review, this study has found forty-five theoretical productions about male prostitution in Brazil. With the catalogued researches, we created a sociological profile of what has been discussed in the country. We intend to show how this knowledge is regionally organised in Brazil regarding its production. Also, we will present the transformations operated in the research field in the last three decades through, for example, the appropriation of different spaces for the development of this “business”. Finally, we will give special attention to issues that permeate sexuality, race, profession and stigmatization