Numérique : 1. Environnement : 0. Avec EcoInfo, changeons nos pratiques

National audience2015 : la France préside la 21e Conférence des Nations unies sur les changements climatiques 2015 : EcoInfo, récemment transformé en groupement de service, a 10 ans 2015 : les informaticiens se retrouvent aux JRES ! Une telle conjonction est une occasion unique pour imprimer dans ces JRES 2015 une empreinte Écoresponsable. Paris accueille la conférence sur le climat et nous, informaticiens, resterions en dehors des initiatives et des solutions pour lutter contre les bouleversements climatiques ? Non ! D'autant que les retours d'expérience se multiplient. Alors aujourd'hui, nous avons choisi de donner de la visibilité à vos bonnes pratiques, celles qui se mettent en place dans le monde de l'enseignement supérieur et de la recherche. Alors montez dans le train avec ceux qui y sont déjà et donnons ensemble un coup d'accélérateur à la réduction des émissions de gaz à effet de serre et autres polluants en tout genre ! Prise en compte de critères relatifs au développement durable dans nos achats, gestion de l'énergie de nos salles informatiques, éco-conception des data-centres quelle que soit leur taille, gestion des déchets : les frontières de nos métiers se déplacent. Le temps ou les informaticiens avaient les yeux rivés à l'écran et les mains collées au clavier est révolu, aujourd'hui, les bonnes pratiques émergent et commencent à se répandre. Aujourd'hui, des chercheurs n'ignorent plus les impacts des TICs sur l'environnement. Cette présentation se veut un catalyseur d'échanges autour d'un objectif commun : participer au mouvement COP21. JRES 2015 – Montpellier 1/

Integration of social determinants of health information within the primary care electronic health record: a systematic review of patient perspectives and experiences

Background: Social determinants of health (SDOH) are the non-medical factors that impact health. Although geographical measures of deprivation are used, individual measures of social risk could identify those most at risk and generate more personalised care and targeted referrals to community resources. We know SDOH are important to health care, but it is not yet known whether their collection via the electronic health record (EHR) is acceptable and useful from the patient perspective. Aim: To synthesise relevant literature to explore patient perspectives on integrating information about SDOH into primary care EHRs, and the opportunities and challenges of its implementation in a general practice setting. Design & setting: Systematic review of primary care-based qualitative and mixed-method studies using thematic framework analysis. Method: Key databases were searched for articles reporting patient perspectives of SDOH collection within the primary care EHR. Qualitative and mixed-methods studies written in English were included. A framework analysis was conducted to identify themes. Results: From 14 included studies, the following five main themes were identified: rationale for SDOH screening and the anticipated outcomes; impact of the provider–patient relationship on patient perceptions; data, which included privacy concerns; screening process and referral; and recommendations for future research. Conclusion: Integration of information on SDOH into the EHR appears acceptable to patients. This review has added to the discussion of whether and how to implement SDOH screening and referral programmes into UK primary care systems

Integration of social determinants of health information within the primary care electronic health record: a systematic review of patient perspectives and experiences

BACKGROUND: Social determinants of health (SDOH) are the non-medical factors that impact health. Although geographical measures of deprivation are used, individual measures of social risk could identify those most at risk and generate more personalised care and targeted referrals to community resources. We know SDOH are important to healthcare, but it is not yet known whether their collection via the electronic health record (EHR) is acceptable and useful from the patient perspective. AIM: Synthesise relevant literature to explore patient perspectives on integrating information about SDOH into primary care EHRs and the opportunities and challenges of its implementation in a General Practice setting. DESIGN AND SETTING: Systematic review of primary care based qualitative and mixed method studies using thematic framework analysis. METHOD: Key databases searched for articles reporting patient perspectives of SDOH collection within the primary care EHR. Qualitative and mixed methods studies written in English were included. A framework analysis was conducted to identify themes. RESULTS: From 14 included studies, identified themes included privacy concerns, the provider-patient relationship and the benefits and drawbacks of different screening approaches. CONCLUSION: Integration of information on SDOH into the EHR appears acceptable to patients. This review adds to the discussion of whether and how to implement SDOH screening and referral programmes into UK primary care systems

Que faites vous de vos e-déchets ?

Poster JRES 2013 : 10 èmes journées Réseaux, Montpellier, FranceNational audienceThis poster analyzes the process, choices and decisions concerning electronic waste in french universities and research institutes

Can a key boreal Calanus copepod species now complete its life-cycle in the Arctic? Evidence and implications for Arctic food-webs

The changing Arctic environment is affecting zooplankton that support its abundant wildlife. We examined how these changes are influencing a key zooplankton species, Calanus finmarchicus, principally found in the North Atlantic but expatriated to the Arctic. Close to the ice-edge in the Fram Strait, we identified areas that, since the 1980s, are increasingly favourable to C. finmarchicus. Field-sampling revealed part of the population there to be capable of amassing enough reserves to overwinter. Early developmental stages were also present in early summer, suggesting successful local recruitment. This extension to suitable C. finmarchicus habitat is most likely facilitated by the long-term retreat of the ice-edge, allowing phytoplankton to bloom earlier and for longer and through higher temperatures increasing copepod developmental rates. The increased capacity for this species to complete its life-cycle and prosper in the Fram Strait can change community structure, with large consequences to regional food-webs

Occurrence of Typhoid Fever Complications and Their Relation to Duration of Illness Preceding Hospitalization: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND:Complications from typhoid fever disease have been estimated to occur in 10%-15% of hospitalized patients, with evidence of a higher risk in children and when delaying the implementation of effective antimicrobial treatment. We estimated the prevalence of complications in hospitalized patients with culture-confirmed typhoid fever and the effects of delaying the implementation of effective antimicrobial treatment and age on the prevalence and risk of complications. METHODS:A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed using studies in the PubMed database. We rated risk of bias and conducted random-effects meta-analyses. Days of disease at hospitalization (DDA) was used as a surrogate for delaying the implementation of effective antimicrobial treatment. Analyses were stratified by DDA (DDA <10 versus ≥10 mean/median days of disease) and by age (children versus adults). Differences in risk were assessed using odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity and publication bias were evaluated with the I2 value and funnel plot analysis, respectively. RESULTS:The pooled prevalence of complications estimated among hospitalized typhoid fever patients was 27% (95% CI, 21%-32%; I2 = 90.9%, P < .0001). Patients with a DDA ≥ 10 days presented higher prevalence (36% [95% CI, 29%-43%]) and three times greater risk of severe disease (OR, 3.00 [95% CI, 2.14-4.17]; P < .0001) than patients arriving earlier (16% [95% CI, 13%- 18%]). Difference in prevalence and risk by age groups were not significant. CONCLUSIONS:This meta-analysis identified a higher overall prevalence of complications than previously reported and a strong association between duration of symptoms prior to hospitalization and risk of serious complications

Use of complementary nucleobase-containing synthetic polymers to prepare complex self-assembled morphologies in water

YesAmphiphilic nucleobase-containing block copolymers with poly(oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) as the hydrophilic block and nucleobase-containing blocks as the hydrophobic segments were successfully synthesized using RAFT polymerization and then self-assembled via solvent switch in aqueous solutions. Effects of the common solvent on the resultant morphologies of the adenine (A) and thymine (T) homopolymers, and A/T copolymer blocks and blends were investigated. These studies highlighted that depending on the identity of the common solvent, DMF or DMSO, spherical micelles or bicontinuous micelles were obtained. We propose that this is due to the presence of A–T interactions playing a key role in the morphology and stability of the resultant nanoparticles, which resulted in a distinct system compared to individual adenine or thymine polymers. Finally, the effects of annealing on the self-assemblies were explored. It was found that annealing could lead to better-defined spherical micelles and induce a morphology transition from bicontinuous micelles to onion-like vesicles, which was considered to occur due to a structural rearrangement of complementary nucleobase interactions resulting from the annealing process.European Research Council (ERC), University of Warwick, Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), National Science Foundation (U.S.) (NSF

Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome

The sequence of the human genome encodes the genetic instructions for human physiology, as well as rich information about human evolution. In 2001, the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium reported a draft sequence of the euchromatic portion of the human genome. Since then, the international collaboration has worked to convert this draft into a genome sequence with high accuracy and nearly complete coverage. Here, we report the result of this finishing process. The current genome sequence (Build 35) contains 2.85 billion nucleotides interrupted by only 341 gaps. It covers ∼99% of the euchromatic genome and is accurate to an error rate of ∼1 event per 100,000 bases. Many of the remaining euchromatic gaps are associated with segmental duplications and will require focused work with new methods. The near-complete sequence, the first for a vertebrate, greatly improves the precision of biological analyses of the human genome including studies of gene number, birth and death. Notably, the human enome seems to encode only 20,000-25,000 protein-coding genes. The genome sequence reported here should serve as a firm foundation for biomedical research in the decades ahead

Increasing frailty is associated with higher prevalence and reduced recognition of delirium in older hospitalised inpatients: results of a multi-centre study

Purpose: Delirium is a neuropsychiatric disorder delineated by an acute change in cognition, attention, and consciousness. It is common, particularly in older adults, but poorly recognised. Frailty is the accumulation of deficits conferring an increased risk of adverse outcomes. We set out to determine how severity of frailty, as measured using the CFS, affected delirium rates, and recognition in hospitalised older people in the United Kingdom. Methods: Adults over 65 years were included in an observational multi-centre audit across UK hospitals, two prospective rounds, and one retrospective note review. Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS), delirium status, and 30-day outcomes were recorded. Results: The overall prevalence of delirium was 16.3% (483). Patients with delirium were more frail than patients without delirium (median CFS 6 vs 4). The risk of delirium was greater with increasing frailty [OR 2.9 (1.8–4.6) in CFS 4 vs 1–3; OR 12.4 (6.2–24.5) in CFS 8 vs 1–3]. Higher CFS was associated with reduced recognition of delirium (OR of 0.7 (0.3–1.9) in CFS 4 compared to 0.2 (0.1–0.7) in CFS 8). These risks were both independent of age and dementia. Conclusion: We have demonstrated an incremental increase in risk of delirium with increasing frailty. This has important clinical implications, suggesting that frailty may provide a more nuanced measure of vulnerability to delirium and poor outcomes. However, the most frail patients are least likely to have their delirium diagnosed and there is a significant lack of research into the underlying pathophysiology of both of these common geriatric syndromes