Reduction of Poisson-Nijenhuis Lie algebroids to symplectic-Nijenhuis Lie algebroids with nondegenerate Nijenhuis tensor

We show how to reduce, under certain regularities conditions, a Poisson-Nijenhuis Lie algebroid to a symplectic-Nijenhuis Lie algebroid with nondegenerate Nijenhuis tensor. We generalize the work done by Magri and Morosi for the reduction of Poisson-Nijenhuis manifolds. The choice of the more general framework of Lie algebroids is motivated by the geometrical study of some reduced bi-Hamiltonian systems. An explicit example of reduction of a Poisson-Nijenhuis Lie algebroid is also provided.Comment: 35 pages, final version to appear in J. Phys. A: Math. Theo

SAP, Change Management and Process Development Effetiveness (II): Case Study

Last year, at AIS ́98 (Pérez and Rojas, 1998), a series of variables was presented to measure the influence of change management on the effectiveness of the Information Systems development process. This proposal was based on the analysis of possible factors, which affect the Process Effectiveness dimension. The Process Effectiveness dimension is one of the four dimensions included in the Systemic Global Quality vision. The other dimensions included in that vision is: Product Effectiveness, Product Efficiency and Process Efficiency (Callaos and Callaos, 1996). This paper presents the results of a case study performed in a company of the oil- producing sector and is focused on measuring Process Effectiveness in the implementation of three SAP/r3 modules (Sales, Materials and Finance). The results participating in the process in roles such as the Leaders and End Users. No evidence was found on the rest of the showed that there is a correlation between the Change Management factor and Process Effectiveness in the personnel personnel - the technicians and functional users. This research represented a contribution to the organization subject to the study on the improvement of the Process Effectiveness for the development of its Information Systems

Políticas mundiales para la disminución de emisión de CO2 y sus posibles efectos en el precio de los hidrocarburos en la balanza comercial de Colombia

El progreso humano ha llevado al aumento de las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero, los cuales han traído efectos negativos para la salud de las personas y de las economías. Como consecuencia de esto, se han implementado diferentes instrumentos para disminuir la emisión de CO2 a nivel global, las cuales podrían afectar la demanda y el precio de los hidrocarburos. El propósito de este trabajo es ver como se podría ver afectada la balanza comercial de Colombia en el futuro después de aplicarse estos instrumentos para reducir las emisiones de CO2.Human progress has led to an increased of greenhouse gas emissions, which have had negative effects on people's health and economy impacts. As a consequence of this, different instruments have been implemented to reduce CO2 emissions globally, which can affect the demand and price of hydrocarbons. The purpose of this work is to see how Colombia's trade balance might look in the future after the global implementation of these instruments to reduce CO2 emissions

Propuesta de mejora del sistema de gestión en el área de mantenimiento de palas de una empresa minera para mejorar la disponibilidad y productividad de los equipos, aplicando Mantenimiento Productivo Total (TPM)

Mediante la observación y análisis de los datos recolectados en el año 2020 en el área de mantenimiento de una empresa minera ubicada al sur del Perú, se logró identificar las razones de una baja disponibilidad de las palas dentro del proceso productivo de carguío. Es por ello, que se desarrolló un análisis de criticidad de las palas y los constantes problemas que conllevan a la no disponibilidad de estas, logrando identificar una deficiente gestión en el mantenimiento. Por tal motivo, se propuso el desarrollo para implementación del TPM, que consiste en aplicar los pilares de educación y entrenamiento a los operadores, mantenimiento planificado y seguridad y medio ambiente, además de la implementación de las 5S. Finalmente, se procedió a realizar una simulación de lo propuesto en el software arena y comparando los resultados antes y después de la implementación del TPM obteniendo así un incremento de la disponibilidad del 4.2 % aproximadamente en las palas, gracias a las mejoras propuestas en la gestión del mantenimiento.By observing and analyzing the data collected in 2020 in the maintenance area of a mining company located in southern Peru, it was possible to identify the reasons for the low availability of the shovels within the productive loading process. That is why a criticality analysis was developed of the shovels and the constant problems that lead to their unavailability, managing to identify a poor maintenance management. For this reason, the development for the implementation of the TPM was proposed, which consists of applying the pillars of education and training to operators, planned maintenance and safety and environment, in addition to the implementation of the 5S. Finally, a simulation of what was proposed in the arena software was carried out and the results were compared before and after the implementation of the TPM, thus obtaining an increase in availability of approximately 4.2 % in the blades, thanks to the proposed improvements in the maintenance management.Tesi

A Biologically-Inspired Appearance Model for Snake Skin

We present a multilayered appearance model for snake skin, inspired on its anatomy: The top layer is a thin film layer producing a specular iridescent reflection, while the bottom layer is a diffuse highly-absorbing layer, that results into a dark diffuse appearance that maximizes the iridescent color of the skin.Presentamos un modelo de apariencia multicapa para piel de serpientes, inspirado en su anatomia: la capa superior es una capa fina que produce un reflejo especular iridiscente, mientras que la capa inferior es una capa difusa altamente absorbente, que genera una apariencia difusa oscura que resalta el color iridiscente de la piel

Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White, 1919) Chitwood 1949 y Meloidogyne arenaria (Neal 1889) Chitwood 1949: Nematodos de las nudosidades radiculares en Guayaba (Psidium guajava L.) c.v manzana en Montería, Córdoba

The objective of the present research was to identify at the species level and using morphological and morphometric parameters the root-knot nematode present in guava’s crop in Monteria. Samples from roots and ryzospheric soil were taken and the female, male and second stage juvenile larvae (J2) were obtained using the acid sodium hypochlorite-fuscine, mesh centrifuge and egg mass eclossion, respectively. Two types of perineal patterns were observed: the first one with high square dorsal arch, stilettos with 14 to 16 µm, flat and wide nodules and DGO distance of 2 to 4 µm. The males showed a rounded lip disc and centrally concave stilettos with 22 to 25 µm, flat and rounded nodules and a DGO distance of 2 to 4.5 µm, a typical fact of the M. incognita species. The second patterns has low and rounded dorsal arch. The strives form a shoulder, stilettos with 13 to 17 µm, wide and rounded nodules in the posterior zone, the DGO distance was 3 to 6 µm. All this characteristics are typical of the M. arenaria species. The results showed for first time the simultaneous presence of M. incognita and M. arenaria attacking guava’s crop in the Colombian Caribbean Coast.El presente trabajo tubo como objetivo identificar los nematodos agalladores asociados al cultivo de Guayaba ( Psidium guajava L.) en Montería, Córdoba. Se tomaron muestras de raíces y suelo rizosférico. Las hembras, machos y juveniles de segundo estadío larval (J2) se obtuvieron mediante los métodos de hipoclorito de sodio-fuscina ácida, tamizado centrifugado y eclosión de masas de huevecillos, respectivamente. Se evaluaron variables morfológicas y morfométricas para determinar la especie. Se encontraron dos tipos de patrones perineales: El primer patrón con arco dorsal alto y cuadrado. El estilete de 14 μm a 16 μm, los nódulos anchos y planos. La distancia DGO de 2 μm a 4 μm. Los machos presentaron el disco labial redondeado y cóncavo centralmente. El estilete de 22 μm a 25 μm; nódulos planos y redondeados. La distancia DGO de 2 μm a 4.5 μm. Lo cual es típico de la especie M. incognita . En el segundo tipo de patrón, el arco dorsal es bajo, redondeado. Las estrías se curvan ligeramente hacia las líneas laterales y forman una ondulación, conocida como “hombrera”. El estilete midió de 13 μm a 17 μm, los nódulos son anchos y redondeados en su parte posterior. La distancia DGO de 3 μm a 6 μm. Estas características coinciden con las descritas para M. arenaria . Los resultados permiten el reporte por primera vez de M. incognita y M. arenaria afectando conjuntamente el cultivo de guayaba en la Costa Caribe Colombiana

OPTIMIZACIÓN DE LA METODOLOGÍA PARA EL CALCULO DE POROSIDAD A TRAVES DE SATURACIÓN DE FLUIDOS

RESUMENLa determinación de la porosidad es una labor fundamental en el laboratorio de análisis petrofísicos, ya que de esta propiedad depende en gran parte la calidad del medio poroso, su almacenamiento (porosidad absoluta) y su productividad (porosidad efectiva). Para determinar la porosidad efectiva de una muestra prueba de saturación de fluidos. Esta prueba consiste en secar completamente una muestra, y saturarla  de salmuera durante 12 a 18 horas, y la comparación de los pesos de la muestra antes y después de la saturación permitirá calcular la porosidad de esta. Este tiempo de saturación asegura que la totalidad de los poros son saturados de salmuera. Sin embargo, este proceso puede ser realizado de una manera más eficiente.Este trabajo propone una metodología de saturación de solo 2 horas, la cual puede ser ajustada al tiempo normal de la prueba mediante una correlación propuesta. Esta correlación fue construida mediante la medición de la porosidad con ambas metodologías para unas muestras de la cuenca de los Llanos Orientales y fue calculada mediante la herramienta STATGRAPHICS CENTURION XVI. Los resultados indican que la correlación puede estimar correctamente el valor de la porosidad absoluta con un intervalo de confianza del 99%, reduciendo el tiempo de la prueba en aproximadamente una novena parte de su tiempo original. Se requieren trabajos posteriores que permitan corroborar la validez de esta correlación con muestras de diferentes litologías. Palabras clave: Análisis Petrofísicos, Porosidad, Saturación, Diseño Experimental.OPTIMIZATION OF THE METHODOLOGY FOR POROSITY  MEASUREMENT BY FLUID SATURATION PROCESSABSTRACTPorosity determination is a major labor in a petrophysical analysis laboratory, since the reservoir quality, the storage capacity (absolute porosity) and the productivity (effective porosity) depends (in great part) from this property. There are many proceedings to determine the effective porosity of a rock core sample in the API RP-40, one of them is the Fluid Saturation test. This test consist in the previous drying of a core sample, and then a complete brine saturation during 12 to 18 hours. The weight difference of the sample after and before the saturation process allows to calculate their effective porosity.This saturation time assures that all the porous spaces are filled with brine. However, this process could be more time-efficient.This work propose a 2-hours saturation methodology, which result can be adjusted to the proper time by a proposed correlation. This correlation were constructed by the porosity saturation measurement for three core samples of the Llanos Orientales Sedimentary Basin with both methodologies, and then calculated using STATGRAPHICS CENTURION XVI. The results indicate a successful estimation of the absolute porosity using the proposed correlation with a confidence interval of 98%, reducing the test time in approximately a ninth of the original time. Further works are required in order to check the validity of the correlation with different lithology.Keywords: Petrophysics, Porosity, Saturation, Experimental Design

Truncating FLNC Mutations Are Associated With High-Risk Dilated and Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathies

BACKGROUND: Filamin C (encoded by the FLNC gene) is essential for sarcomere attachment to the plasmatic membrane. FLNC mutations have been associated with myofibrillar myopathies, and cardiac involvement has been reported in some carriers. Accordingly, since 2012, the authors have included FLNC in the genetic screening of patients with inherited cardiomyopathies and sudden death. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to demonstrate the association between truncating mutations in FLNC and the development of high-risk dilated and arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathies. METHODS: FLNC was studied using next-generation sequencing in 2,877 patients with inherited cardiovascular diseases. A characteristic phenotype was identified in probands with truncating mutations in FLNC. Clinical and genetic evaluation of 28 affected families was performed. Localization of filamin C in cardiac tissue was analyzed in patients with truncating FLNC mutations using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Twenty-three truncating mutations were identified in 28 probands previously diagnosed with dilated, arrhythmogenic, or restrictive cardiomyopathies. Truncating FLNC mutations were absent in patients with other phenotypes, including 1,078 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Fifty-four mutation carriers were identified among 121 screened relatives. The phenotype consisted of left ventricular dilation (68%), systolic dysfunction (46%), and myocardial fibrosis (67%); inferolateral negative T waves and low QRS voltages on electrocardiography (33%); ventricular arrhythmias (82%); and frequent sudden cardiac death (40 cases in 21 of 28 families). Clinical skeletal myopathy was not observed. Penetrance was >97% in carriers older than 40 years. Truncating mutations in FLNC cosegregated with this phenotype with a dominant inheritance pattern (combined logarithm of the odds score: 9.5). Immunohistochemical staining of myocardial tissue showed no abnormal filamin C aggregates in patients with truncating FLNC mutations. CONCLUSIONS: Truncating mutations in FLNC caused an overlapping phenotype of dilated and left-dominant arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathies complicated by frequent premature sudden death. Prompt implantation of a cardiac defibrillator should be considered in affected patients harboring truncating mutations in FLNC.Instituto de Salud Carlos III [PI11/0699, PI14/0967, PI14/01477, RD012/0042/0029, RD012/0042/0049, RD012/0042/0066, RD12/0042/0069]; Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [SAF2015-71863-REDT]; Plan Nacional de I+D+I; Plan Estatalde I+D+I, European Regional Development Fund; Health in Code SLS