260 research outputs found
Corded and hyalinized endometrioid carcinoma: Summary of clinical, histological, immunohistochemical and molecular data
Corded and hyalinized endometrioid carcinoma (CHEC) represents a potential pitfall for pathologists. This study aimed to provide a complete overview of all clinicopathological and molecular features of CHEC. Electronic databases were searched for all published series of CHEC. Clinical, histological, immunohistochemical and molecular data about CHEC were extracted and pooled. Six studies with 62 patients were identified; mean age was 49.8 years (range 19â83). Most cases showed FIGO stage I (68%), low grade (87.5%), and a favorable outcome (78.4%), with âno specific molecular profileâ (NSMP). A subset of cases showed high-grade features (12.5%), p53 abnormalities (11.1%) or mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency (20%) and occurred at an older age (mean age>60 years). Common features of CHEC were: superficial localization of the corded component (88.6%), squamous/morular differentiation (82.5%), nuclear ÎČ-catenin accumulation (92%), partial/total loss of CKAE1/AE3 (88.9%), estrogen receptor (95.7%) and e-cadherin (100%), stromal changes such as myxoid (38.5%), osteoid (24%) and chondroid (4.5%), CTNNB1 mutations (57.9%), and POLE-wild-type (100%); 24.4% of cases showed lymphovascular space invasion. A minority of cases (16.2%) showed poor outcome despite a low-grade, NSMP phenotype; the molecular basis for the aggressiveness of these cases is still undefined. Further studies are necessary in this field
Recent Advances in Cervical Cancer Management: A Review on Novel Prognostic Factors in Primary and Recurrent Tumors
Background: Several pathological parameters, including tumor size, depth of stromal invasion, lympho-vascular space invasion and lymph node status, have been proposed as prognostic predictors in cervical cancer. However, given the high mortality and recurrence rate of cervical cancer, novel parameters that are able to provide additional prognostic information are needed in order to allow a better prognostic stratification of cervical cancer patients. Methods: A search was conducted on PubMed to identify relevant literature data regarding prognostic factors in cervical cancer. The key words âcervical cancerâ, âprognostic factorsâ, âpathologyâ, and âoutcomeâ were used. Results: The novel pathological grading system based on tumor budding and cell nest size appeared the most relevant prognostic factor in primary neoplasms. Moreover, other potentially useful prognostic factors were tumor size, depth of stromal invasion, lympho-vascular space invasion, perineural invasion, tumor-free distance and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. Prognostic factors related to advanced-stage cervical cancer, including lymph-nodes status, endometrial and cervical involvement as well as distant metastases, were also taken into consideration. Conclusions: According to our findings, tumor budding and cell nest size grading system, depth of stromal invasion, lympho-vascular space invasion, perineural invasion, tumor-free distance and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes appeared the most relevant factors included in the pathology report
ACTH-producing tumorlets and carcinoids of the lung: clinico-pathologic study of 63 cases and review of the literature.
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-secreting lung carcinoids represent the principal cause of ectopic Cushing syndrome, but the prevalence of ACTH expression and the association between ACTH production and Cushing syndrome in lung carcinoids have scarcely been investigated. In addition, available information on the prognostic meaning of ACTH production is controversial. The aims of this multicentric retrospective study, also including a review of the literature, were to describe the clinico-pathologic features of ACTH-producing lung carcinoids, to assess recurrence and specific survival rates, and to evaluate potential prognostic factors. To identify ACTH production in 254 unselected and radically resected lung carcinoids, we used a double approach including RT-PCR (mRNA encoding for pro-opiomelanocortin) and immunohistochemistry (antibodies against ACTH and ÎČ-endorphin). Sixty-three (24.8%) tumors produced ACTH and 11 of them (17.4%), representing 4.3% of the whole series, were associated with Cushing syndrome. The median follow-up time was 71 months. The 10-year overall and specific survival rates were 88.5% and 98.2%, respectively, with difference neither between functioning and nonfunctioning tumors nor between ACTH-positive and ACTH-negative carcinoids. At univariate analysis, histological type (typical or atypical) and Ki67 index significantly correlated with tumor recurrence. The literature review identified 172 previously reported patients with functioning ACTH-secreting lung carcinoids, and the meta-analysis of survival showed that 92% of them were alive after a mean follow-up time of 50 months. Our results demonstrate that ACTH-producing lung carcinoids are not rare, are not always associated with Cushing syndrome, and do not represent an aggressive variant of lung carcinoid
Surveying the Dynamic Radio Sky with the Long Wavelength Demonstrator Array
This paper presents a search for radio transients at a frequency of 73.8 MHz
(4 m wavelength) using the all-sky imaging capabilities of the Long Wavelength
Demonstrator Array (LWDA). The LWDA was a 16-dipole phased array telescope,
located on the site of the Very Large Array in New Mexico. The field of view of
the individual dipoles was essentially the entire sky, and the number of
dipoles was sufficiently small that a simple software correlator could be used
to make all-sky images. From 2006 October to 2007 February, we conducted an
all-sky transient search program, acquiring a total of 106 hr of data; the time
sampling varied, being 5 minutes at the start of the program and improving to 2
minutes by the end of the program. We were able to detect solar flares, and in
a special-purpose mode, radio reflections from ionized meteor trails during the
2006 Leonid meteor shower. We detected no transients originating outside of the
solar system above a flux density limit of 500 Jy, equivalent to a limit of no
more than about 10^{-2} events/yr/deg^2, having a pulse energy density >~ 1.5 x
10^{-20} J/m^2/Hz at 73.8 MHz for pulse widths of about 300 s. This event rate
is comparable to that determined from previous all-sky transient searches, but
at a lower frequency than most previous all-sky searches. We believe that the
LWDA illustrates how an all-sky imaging mode could be a useful operational
model for low-frequency instruments such as the Low Frequency Array, the Long
Wavelength Array station, the low-frequency component of the Square Kilometre
Array, and potentially the Lunar Radio Array.Comment: 20 pages; accepted for publication in A
A High Statistics Measurement of the Lambdac+ Lifetime
A high statistics measurement of the Lambdac+ lifetime from the Fermilab
fixed-target FOCUS photoproduction experiment is presented. We describe the
analysis technique with particular attention to the determination of the
systematic uncertainty. The measured value of 204.6 +/- 3.4 (stat.) +/- 2.5
(syst.) fs from 8034 +/- 122 Lambdac -> pKpi decays represents a significant
improvement over the present world average.Comment: Submitted to Physical Review Letter
Search for CP Violation in the decays D+ -> K_S pi+ and D+ -> K_S K+
A high statistics sample of photo-produced charm from the FOCUS(E831)
experiment at Fermilab has been used to search for direct CP violation in the
decays D+->K_S pi+ and D+ -> K_S K+. We have measured the following asymmetry
parameters relative to D+->K-pi+pi+: A_CP(K_S pi+) = (-1.6 +/- 1.5 +/- 0.9)%,
A_CP(K_S K+) = (+6.9 +/- 6.0 +/- 1.5)% and A_CP(K_S K+) = (+7.1 +/- 6.1 +/-
1.2)% relative to D+->K_S pi+. The first errors quoted are statistical and the
second are systematic. We also measure the relative branching ratios:
\Gamma(D+->\bar{K0}pi+)/\Gamma(D+->K-pi+pi+) = (30.60 +/- 0.46 +/- 0.32)%,
\Gamma(D+->\bar{K0}K+)/\Gamma(D+->K-pi+pi+) = (6.04 +/- 0.35 +/- 0.30)% and
\Gamma(D+->\bar{K0}K+)/\Gamma(D+->\bar{K0}pi+) = (19.96 +/- 1.19 +/- 0.96)%.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
A Measurement of the Ds+ Lifetime
A high statistics measurement of the Ds+ lifetime from the Fermilab
fixed-target FOCUS photoproduction experiment is presented. We describe the
analysis of the two decay modes, Ds+ -> phi(1020)pi+ and Ds+ ->
\bar{K}*(892)0K+, used for the measurement. The measured lifetime is 507.4 +/-
5.5 (stat.) +/- 5.1 (syst.) fs using 8961 +/- 105 Ds+ -> phi(1020)pi+ and 4680
+/- 90 Ds+ -> \bar{K}*(892)0K+ decays. This is a significant improvement over
the present world average.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables, submitted to PR
A measurement of branching ratios of and hadronic decays to four-body final states containing a
We have studied hadronic four-body decays of and mesons with a
in the final state using data recorded during the 1996-1997 fixed-target
run at Fermilab high energy photoproduction experiment FOCUS. We report a new
branching ratio measurement of . We make the first observation
of three new decay modes with branching ratios ,
\Gamma(D^+\to\K_S K^+ K^-\pi^+)/\Gamma(D^+\to K_S
\pi^+\pi^+\pi^-)=0.0077\pm0.0015\pm0.0009, and , where
in each case the first error is statistical and the second error is systematic.Comment: 4 pages, 1 table, 2 figures, submitted to Physical Review Letter
New FOCUS results on charm mixing and CP violation
We present a summary of recent results on CP violation and mixing in the
charm quark sector based on a high statistics sample collected by
photoproduction experiment FOCUS (E831 at Fermilab). We have measured the
difference in lifetimes for the decays: and . This translates into a measurement of the mixing parameter in
the \d0d0 system, under the assumptions that is an equal mixture of
CP odd and CP even eigenstates, and CP violation is negligible in the neutral
charm meson system. We verified the latter assumption by searching for a CP
violating asymmetry in the Cabibbo suppressed decay modes , and . We show preliminary
results on a measurement of the branching ratio .Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures, requires espcrc2.sty. Presented by S.Bianco at
CPConf2000, September 2000, Ferrara (Italy). In this revision, fixed several
stylistic flaws, add two significant references, fixed a typo in Tab.
Search for CP violation in D0 and D+ decays
A high statistics sample of photoproduced charm particles from the FOCUS
(E831) experiment at Fermilab has been used to search for CP violation in the
Cabibbo suppressed decay modes D+ to K-K+pi+, D0 to K-K+ and D0 to pi-pi+. We
have measured the following CP asymmetry parameters: A_CP(K-K+pi+) = +0.006 +/-
0.011 +/- 0.005, A_CP(K-K+) = -0.001 +/- 0.022 +/- 0.015 and A_CP(pi-pi+) =
+0.048 +/- 0.039 +/- 0.025 where the first error is statistical and the second
error is systematic. These asymmetries are consistent with zero with smaller
errors than previous measurements.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figure
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