How personality modulates brain responses to emotion in music : a regions-of-variance approach

Background: Personality is related to emotional tendencies, and emotion is an important part of musical experiences. In particular, the personality traits Extraversion and Neuroticism have been respectively related to positive and negative emotionality (Larsen & Ketelaar, 1991) and to neural responses to positive and negative emotional stimuli (e.g., Canli et al., 2001). Openness to Experience is not characterized by affective tendencies, but it has been related aesthetic sensitivity (Costa Jr & McCrae, 1992) and to the intensity of music-induced emotions (Vuoskoski & Eerola, 2011a). Research on the role of Extraversion and Neuroticism in neural responses to emotion in music has given some null (Koelsch, Skouras, & Jentschke, 2013) and unexpected findings (Park et al., 2013); this research may be extended with different methodological choices, particularly with a larger sample size and with a method of selecting Regions of Interest (ROIs) that is intended for investigating individual differences in brain function (Omura et al., 2005). Aims: (1) To investigate the role of Extraversion, Neuroticism, and Openness to Experience in brain activations during implicit perception of emotions in music, and (2) to implement a data-driven method of selecting regions of interest as regions of variance (ROV; Omura et al., 2005). Hypotheses: It was predicted that Extraversion and Neuroticism would be related to brain activity during perception of positively- and negatively-valenced musical stimuli, respectively. The investigation of Openness was exploratory as this trait is not characteristically related to affect. No specific hypotheses were tested with regards to brain areas, as the method for selecting regions of interest was data-driven. Methods: Fifty-five participants were scanned using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging while they listened to thirty, 4-second music excerpts portraying happiness, sadness, or fear, and they were asked to indicate the number of instruments following each excerpt. The Big Five Questionnaire (John & Srivastava, 1999) was used to measure personality traits. Regions of interest were selected as clusters of voxels with higher between-subjects variance in activation, relative to the mean within-subjects residual variance in activation, and a whole-brain voxelwise analysis additionally run for comparison. Results: In the ROV analysis, Neuroticism was positively related to activation during Sad music in the left supramarginal and angular gyri (p<.001, corrected), and Openness was positively related to activation during Happy music in the region of the left superior temporal gyrus, extending into the temporal pole, middle temporal gyrus, Heschl’s gyrus, postcentral gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, and rolandic operculum (p<.05, corrected). In the whole-brain analysis, similar results were found for Neuroticism but not for Openness. Discussion: These results support previous findings of trait-congruent links between personality and neural responses to emotional stimuli. Additionally, they indicate the usefulness of the ROV method for investigating individual differences; the ROV analysis was consistent with the robust whole-brain results and was additionally sensitive to clusters that did not survive whole-brain correction for multiple comparisons

neurostuff/NiMARE: 0.2.0rc3

What's Changed Exciting New Features Remove resample argument from IBMA estimators by @JulioAPeraza in https://github.com/neurostuff/NiMARE/pull/823 Add IBMAWorkflow by @JulioAPeraza in https://github.com/neurostuff/NiMARE/pull/817 Make torch optional by @JulioAPeraza in https://github.com/neurostuff/NiMARE/pull/836 ### Bug Fixes Addresses new RTD configuration file requirements by @JulioAPeraza in https://github.com/neurostuff/NiMARE/pull/829 ### Other Changes Fix the NeuroLibre badge by @tsalo in https://github.com/neurostuff/NiMARE/pull/824 [FIX] handle null values in metadata by @jdkent in https://github.com/neurostuff/NiMARE/pull/831 Add badges and citations for Aperture Neuro article by @tsalo in https://github.com/neurostuff/NiMARE/pull/834 Remove pytorch warning message by @yifan0330 in https://github.com/neurostuff/NiMARE/pull/828 [FIX] handle index errors by @jdkent in https://github.com/neurostuff/NiMARE/pull/839 Full Changelog: https://github.com/neurostuff/NiMARE/compare/0.2.0rc2...0.2.0rc

Proceedings of the OHBM Brainhack 2021

The global pandemic presented new challenges and op-portunities for organizing conferences, and OHBM 2021was no exception. The OHBM Brainhack is an event thatoccurs just prior to the OHBM meeting, typically in-per-son, where scientists of all levels of expertise and interestgather to work and learn together for a few days in a col-laborative hacking-style environment on projects of com-mon interest (1). Building off the success of the OHBM2020 Hackathon (2), the 2021 Open Science SpecialInterest Group came together online to organize a largecoordinated Brainhack event that would take place overthe course of 4 days. The OHBM 2021 Brainhack eventwas organized along two guiding principles, providinga highly inclusive collaborative environment for inter-action between scientists across disciplines and levelsof expertise to push forward important projects thatneed support, also known as the “Hack-Track” of theBrainhack. The second aim of the OHBM Brainhack is toempower scientists to improve the quality of their sci-entific endeavors by providing high-quality hands-ontraining on best practices in open-science approaches.This is best exemplified by the training events providedby the “Train-Track” at the OHBM 2021 Brainhack. Here,we briefly explain both of these elements of the OHBM2021 Brainhack, before continuing on to the Brainhackproceedings

Brainhack: Developing a culture of open, inclusive, community-driven neuroscience

Brainhack is an innovative meeting format that promotes scientific collaboration and education in an open, inclusive environment. This NeuroView describes the myriad benefits for participants and the research community and how Brainhacks complement conventional formats to augment scientific progress