The model of assessment of schoolchildren and student engagement in physical culture studies

The article describes the model of assessment of schoolchildren and student engagement in physical culture studies, which has been employed by the People’s Friendship University of Russia within the project of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation in 2016. The importance of the engagement assessment for the purpose of physical education system upgrading is explained, and the model components theoretical background is representedВ работе представлена модель оценки вовлеченности обучающихся в занятия по предмету (дисциплине) «Физическая культура», реализованная ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов» в рамках проекта Минобрнауки России в 2016 г. Обоснована актуальность изучения вовлеченности школьников и студентов в обязательные учебные занятия по физической культуре в интересах разработки системных мер по их совершенствованию и приведено теоретическое обоснование компонентов модел

Влияние спиртового экстракта большой восковой моли (Galleria mellonella) на внутренние органы мышей

The paper highlights the effect of 40% alcohol extract of large bee- moth (Galleria mellonella) on the organs of mice. The researchers used white mice, arranged in groups of 5. The control group consisted of mice that did not receive the extract. The researchers applied the specimen in mice of groups 1, 2 and 3, when the specimen was applied during 21 days dozed 6, 12, 24 ml per 100 ml (0.3, 0.6 and 0.9%), respectively. The authors found out that in histological examination of the myocardium in all experimental groups, the structure of the endocardium, myocardium and epicardium corresponded to physiological parameters. The authors observed the tendency to increase the size of renal bodies and a slight increase in urinary space in the kidney tissues of all experimental animals. This may indicate some increase in renal filtration. The authors observed less thickness of the glomerular zone of the adrenal cortex in the animals of the 2nd and 3rd experimental groups. Higher thickness of the beam zone was observed only in animals of the 1st experimental group, which could indicate stress effects. This lower index was observed in other experimental groups of mice, which could be caused by depletion of compensatory mechanisms. After applying the extract dozed 0.3 %, the authors found out an increase in the thickness of the adrenal brain zone, while 0.6 and 0.9% dozes led to the decrease of the index. Changes in the liver certify the impact of ethyl alcohol on hepatocytes. The authors observed higher number of dual-core hepatocytes and vacuolazed ones in proportion to higher concentration of the extract in the experimental animals. Studying the spleen, the researchers found an increase in the area of the white pulp and signs of blast transformation in the animals of the 2nd experimental group. Thus, oral application of G. mellonella extract in different dosage provokes histological changes that characterize compensatory reactions, severity of which was determined by specimen doze. The authors didn’t prove specimen toxicity. The specimen dozed 0.3 % has a frank adaptogenic effect on the internal organs of mice.Представлены результаты исследования воздействия препарата 40 %-го спиртового экстракта большой восковой моли (Galleria mellonella) на внутренние органы мышей. В опыте использовали белых мышей, подобранных в группы по 5 голов. Контрольную группу составляли мыши, не получавшие экстракт. Мышам 1, 2 и 3-й групп препарат вводили путем выпаивания в течение 21 дня в дозировке 6, 12, 24 мл на 100 мл (0,3; 0,6 и 0,9 %) соответственно. При гистологическом исследовании миокарда во всех опытных группах структура эндокарда, миокарда и эпикарда соответствовала физиологическим показателям. В тканях почек у животных всех опытных групп наблюдалась тенденция к увеличению размеров почечных телец и незначительному увеличению мочевого пространства, что может свидетельствовать о некотором усилении почечной фильтрации. У животных 2-й и 3-й опытных групп наблюдалось уменьшение толщины клубочковой зоны коры надпочечников. Увеличение толщины пучковой зоны отмечали лишь у животных 1-й опытной группы, что могло свидетельствовать о стрессогенном воздействии. У мышей остальных опытных групп наблюдалось уменьшение данного показателя, что могло быть связано с истощением компенсаторных механизмов. После введения экстракта в дозе 0,3 % наблюдалось увеличение толщины мозговой зоны надпочечников, тогда как дозировка 0,6 и 0,9 % приводила к понижению показателя. Изменения в печени свидетельствовали о воздействии этилового спирта на состояние гепатоцитов. У животных опытных групп увеличивалось число двуядерных и вакуолизированных гепатоцитов пропорционально увеличению концентрации экстракта. При исследовании селезенки увеличение площади белой пульпы и признаки бластной трансформации обнаруживали у животных 2-й опытной группы. Таким образом, пероральное введение экстракта G. mellonella в различной дозировке провоцирует гистологические изменения, характеризующие картину компенсаторных реакций, выраженность которых определялась дозировкой вводимого препарата. Токсичность препарата не доказана. Дозировка экстракта 0,3 % оказывает выраженный адаптогенный эффект на внутренние органы мышей

Coronary atherosclerosis progression in patients after coronary stenting, depending on a cardiology follow-up strategy

Aim. To compare the prevalence of coronary atherosclerosis in patients after coronary stenting (CS) receiving outpatient and remote cardiology follow-up during a one-year study.Material and methods. We enrolled 279 patients aged 61,5±9,5 years with class ≥II stable angina or silent ischemia after CS. Three groups were formed: group 1 (n=96) — outpatient visits before CS, 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after CS. Group 2 (n=95) — remote monitoring: patients were followed up by a primary care physician with the involvement of a cardiologist via remote communication (e-mail, telephone, Skype) 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after CS. Group 3 (n=88) were followed up by a primary care physician and contacted with the study coordinator before and 12 months after CS. After 12 months, all patients underwent stress-induced myocardial ischemia testing. In case of a positive or uncertain test result, coronary angiography (CA) was performed.Results. Stress-induced myocardial ischemia 12 months after CS was verified in 58 patients (21%): 19 patients (19,8%) — group 1; 9 patients (9,5%) — group 2; 30 patients (34,1%) — group 3 (p<0,05). Repeat CA was performed in 96 patients (34,4% of the total number of patients). Restenosis was detected in 8 (2,9%) patients, coronary atherosclerosis progression — in 38 (13,6%), combination of restenosis and atherosclerosis progression — in 4 (1,4%) patients. Coronary atherosclerosis progression was significantly more frequent in group 3: 10,4%, 9,5% and 21,6% in groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively (p<0,05). The incidence of stent restenosis was comparable: 2,1%, 3,2% and 3,5% in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively.Conclusion. Coronary atherosclerosis progression was the main reason for repeated revascularizations 12 months after the CS. Outpatient and remote cardiology follow-up is associated with a lower incidence of coronary atherosclerosis progression and repeated CA during 12-month follow-up after CS

Lower Bound on the Magnetic Field Strength of a Magnetar from Analysis of SGR Giant Flares

Based on the magnetar model, we have studied in detail the processes of neutrino cooling of an electron--positron plasma generating an SGR giant flare and the influence of the magnetar magnetic field on these processes. Electron--positron pair annihilation and synchrotron neutrino emission are shown to make a dominant contribution to the neutrino emissivity of such a plasma. We have calculated the neutrino energy losses from a plasma-filled region at the long tail stage of the SGR 0526--66, SGR 1806--20, and SGR 1900+14 giant flares. This plasma can emit the energy observed in an SGR giant flare only in the presence of a strong magnetic field suppressing its neutrino energy losses. We have obtained a lower bound on the magnetic field strength and showed this value to be higher than the upper limit following from an estimate of the magnetic dipole losses for the magnetars being analyzed in a wide range of magnetar model parameters. Thus, it is problematic to explain the observed energy release at the long tail stage of an SGR giant flare in terms of the magnetar model.Comment: 18 pages, 5 figure

The Erotic and the Vulgar: Visual Culture and Organized Labor's Critique of U.S. Hegemony in Occupied Japan

This essay engages the colonial legacy of postwar Japan by arguing that the political cartoons produced as part of the postwar Japanese labor movement’s critique of U.S. cultural hegemony illustrate how gendered discourses underpinned, and sometimes undermined, the ideologies formally represented by visual artists and the organizations that funded them. A significant component of organized labor’s propaganda rested on a corpus of visual media that depicted women as icons of Japanese national culture. Japan’s most militant labor unions were propagating anti-imperialist discourses that invoked an engendered/endangered nation that accentuated the importance of union roles for men by subordinating, then eliminating, union roles for women

Analysis of radial artery occlusion causes and methods of its prevention after interventions using radial access. Results of the APRIORI study

Aim. To study predictors of radial artery occlusion (RAO) and ways to prevent it after interventions using radial access.Material and methods. The study consisted of prospective and retrospective parts. The total number of included patients was 2284. Patients undergoing interventions by radial access in various medical organizations were retrospectively considered. The prospective study included 1284 patients who were subject to interventional treatment. Patients were randomized into two groups as follows: in group 1, hemostasis was performed within 4 hours, in group 2 — >6 hours. All patients underwent a bedside Barbeau test with a pulse oximeter and an ultrasound of access arteries to determine the radial artery patency/occlusion.Results. The RAO rate in the retrospective part was 21,8%, while in the prospective one — 10,1% with long-term hemostasis and 1,4% with short-term hemostasis (p<0,001). Predictors of RAO were type 2 diabetes (odds ratio (OR), 1,9, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1,1-3,4, p=0,03) and an increase in hemostasis duration by 1 hour (OR, 1,2, 95% CI, 1,1-1,3, p<0,001). When analyzing the retrospective part, the predictors of RAO were body mass index (OR, 1,06, 95% CI, 1,02-1,09, p=0,002), female sex (OR, 0,6, 95% CI, 0,4-0,9, p=0,02), smoking (OR, 1,38, 95% CI, 1-1,91, p=0,047). The administration of statins in different dosages, as well as antihypertensive and anti-ischemic agents, did not have a significant effect on the RAO rate.Conclusion. The main predictors of RAO were type 2 diabetes, an increase in hemostasis duration, female sex, smoking, and the artery-to-introducer diameter ratio. Taking statins, anti-ischemic and antihypertensive agents does not have a protective effect on RAO rate

Случай тяжёлого течения аутохтонного гепатита Е у пожилого мужчины

The article presents an analysis of the first clinical cases of acute hepatitis E autochtonic on the territory of the Kirov region. HEV-infection was diagnosed in 76 year old male, not to travel outside the region and the country for a long time, eat a lot of fresh fruit. A feature of the disease in non-endemic region was: severe course of hepatitis E in the elderly, with the development of clinic of acute liver failure and encephalopathy, the presence of the expressed syndrome cytolysis, cholestasis, hepatic-cell failure.Timely treatment of a patient for medical care, the lack of severe somatic diseases, chronic liver disease and adequate pathogenetic therapy helped to keep the patient’s life. In deciphering undifferentiated acute hepatitis in the elderly should be included in the scheme of examination and determination HEV RNA, a/HEV IgM and G.В статье представлен анализ первого клинического случая аутохтонного острого гепатита Е на территории Кировской области. HEV-инфекция была диагностирована у 76-летнего мужчины, не выезжавшего за пределы области и страны в течение длительного времени, употреблявшего много свежих фруктов. Особенностью заболевания в неэндемичном регионе явилось: тяжёлое течение гепатита Е в пожилом возрасте, с развитием клиники острой печёночной недостаточности и энцефалопатии, наличие выраженного синдрома цитолиза, холестаза, печёночно-клеточной недостаточности.Своевременное обращение больного за медицинской помощью, отсутствие тяжёлых соматических заболеваний, хронической патологии печени и адекватная патогенетическая терапия позволили сохранить жизнь больного. При расшифровке недифференцированных острых гепатитов у пожилых необходимо включать в схему обследования определение HEVRNA и а/HEV IgM и G

Allocation under dictatorship : research in Stalin’s archives

We survey recent research on the Soviet economy in the state, party, and military archives of the Stalin era. The archives have provided rich new evidence on the economic arrangements of a command system under a powerful dictator including Stalin’s role in the making of the economic system and economic policy, Stalin’s accumulation objectives and the constraints that limited his power to achieve them, the limits to administrative allocation, the information flows and incentives that governed the behavior of economic managers, the scope and significance of corruption and market-oriented behavior, and the prospects for economic reform

Effects of alirocumab on types of myocardial infarction: insights from the ODYSSEY OUTCOMES trial

Aims  The third Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction (MI) Task Force classified MIs into five types: Type 1, spontaneous; Type 2, related to oxygen supply/demand imbalance; Type 3, fatal without ascertainment of cardiac biomarkers; Type 4, related to percutaneous coronary intervention; and Type 5, related to coronary artery bypass surgery. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) reduction with statins and proprotein convertase subtilisin–kexin Type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors reduces risk of MI, but less is known about effects on types of MI. ODYSSEY OUTCOMES compared the PCSK9 inhibitor alirocumab with placebo in 18 924 patients with recent acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and elevated LDL-C (≥1.8 mmol/L) despite intensive statin therapy. In a pre-specified analysis, we assessed the effects of alirocumab on types of MI. Methods and results  Median follow-up was 2.8 years. Myocardial infarction types were prospectively adjudicated and classified. Of 1860 total MIs, 1223 (65.8%) were adjudicated as Type 1, 386 (20.8%) as Type 2, and 244 (13.1%) as Type 4. Few events were Type 3 (n = 2) or Type 5 (n = 5). Alirocumab reduced first MIs [hazard ratio (HR) 0.85, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.77–0.95; P = 0.003], with reductions in both Type 1 (HR 0.87, 95% CI 0.77–0.99; P = 0.032) and Type 2 (0.77, 0.61–0.97; P = 0.025), but not Type 4 MI. Conclusion  After ACS, alirocumab added to intensive statin therapy favourably impacted on Type 1 and 2 MIs. The data indicate for the first time that a lipid-lowering therapy can attenuate the risk of Type 2 MI. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol reduction below levels achievable with statins is an effective preventive strategy for both MI types.For complete list of authors see http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehz299</p