La actividad artesanal alfarera como atractivo turístico del municipio de Metepec

El Turismo es hoy en día un sector económico importante y dinámico a nivel mundial, por su nivel de ingresos, siendo una actividad que genera un movimiento económico ya que contribuye a una parte muy importante del producto interno bruto (PIB) de muchos países, genera movimientos sociales, ocasionado por diferentes motivaciones para satisfacer las necesidades de los turistas, aporta una identidad y riqueza a muchos países y es difusor de la diversidad cultural, natural de una nación

Trends, variability and predictive skill of the ocean heat content in North Atlantic: an analysis with the EC-Earth3 model

This study investigates linear trends, variability and predictive skill of the upper ocean heat content (OHC) in the North Atlantic basin. This is a region where strong decadal variability superimposes the externally forced trends, introducing important differences in the local warming rates and leading in the case of the Central Subpolar North Atlantic to an overall long-term cooling. Our analysis aims to better understand these regional differences, by investigating how internal and forced variability contribute to local trends, exploring also their role on the local prediction skill. The analysis combines the study of three ocean reanalyses to document the uncertainties related to observations with two sets of CMIP6 experiments performed with the global coupled climate model EC-Earth3: a historical ensemble to characterise the forced signals, and a retrospective decadal prediction system to additionally characterise the contributions from internal climate variability. Our results show that internal variability is essential to understand the spatial pattern of North Atlantic OHC trends, contributing decisively to the local trends and providing high levels of predictive skill in the Eastern Subpolar North Atlantic and the Irminger and Iceland Seas, and to a lesser extent in the Labrador Sea. Skill and trends in other areas like the Subtropical North Atlantic, or the Gulf Stream Extension are mostly externally forced. Large observational and modeling uncertainties affect the trends and interannual variability in the Central Subpolar North Atlantic, the only region exhibiting a cooling during the study period, uncertainties that might explain the very poor local predictive skill.Teresa Carmo-Costa, Ana Teles-Machado and Emanuel Dutra would like to acknowledge the financial support from FCT through projects FCT-UIDB/50019/2020 and PD/BD/142785/2018. Furthermore, Ana Teles-Machado acknowledges SARDINHA2020 (MAR2020) and ROADMAP (JPIOCEANS/ 0001/2019). Roberto Bilbao was supported by the European Commission H2020 projects EUCP (Grant no. 776613). Pablo Ortega was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness through the Ramon y Cajal grant RYC-2017-22772.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Evaluación del comportamiento del aluminio en suelos de sistemas lacustres y valles periglaciares de las microcuencas de Atillo y Ozogoche

El presente estudio avalado por el GIDAC, evalúa el comportamiento del aluminio intercambiable (Al+3) en los suelos de sistemas lacustres y valles periglaciares de las microcuencas de Atillo y Ozogoche (Chimborazo). Se analizaron 100 muestras de suelo por Espectroscopia de Absorción Atómica (E. A. A.), empleando el equipo Thermo Fisher Scientific con lámpara de cátodo hueco de aluminio (Al) y con llama de óxido nitroso-acetileno. Se desarrolla el bioensayo toxicológico (por triplicado) utilizando el biomarcador Lactuca sativa L., donde se evalúa su comportamiento bajo diferentes concentraciones de aluminio. Además, se realiza un análisis del coeficiente de correlación entre la concentración de Al+3 y los factores: humedad, pH, materia orgánica (MO), carbono orgánico (CO), conductividad eléctrica (CE) y capacidad de intercambio catiónico (CIC). Finalmente se aplica y se valora la fórmula del índice de geo-acumulación y el factor de enriquecimiento, para conocer el valor y la fuente de contaminación por Al+3 en estos suelos. La concentración promedio de Al+3 es de 1.74 ppm; donde se reconocieron tres cuartiles: Q1=0.39, Q2=1 y Q3=1.84, los cuales permitieron identificar la distribución de este elemento en la zona de estudio. El bioensayo toxicológico determina el IG mínimo y máximo del biomarcador Lactuca sativa L., en 0. 33 y 88.54 %, respectivamente; y la dosis letal media (DL50) en 20,42 ppm. De manera general la concentración de Al+3 en esta zona es baja con respecto a otros suelos de similares características, con un grado de variabilidad elevado, debido a las características propias del sector. Sin embargo, también encontramos zonas que presentan elevadas concentraciones con respecto al comportamiento general del Al+3 en estas microcuencas; por lo que se recomienda realizar estudios en las zonas donde se encontraron estos valores anómalos, para identificar los factores que ocasionan este comportamiento.The current research, authorized by the GIDAC, evaluates the behavior of interchangeable aluminum (Al+3) in the soils of lake systems as well as periglacial valleys of Atillo and Ozogoche micro-basins located in Chimborazo. One hundred soil samples were analyzed through Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (A.A.S.), using the aluminum (AI) hollow-cathode lamp - Thermo Fisher Scientific equipment with a nitrous oxide-acetylene flame. The toxicological bioassay is carried out in triplicate using the Lactuca sativa L. biomarker, which evaluates its behavior at different aluminum concentrations. In addition, an analysis on the coefficient correlation between the concentration of Al+3 and the humidity, pH, organic matter (OM), organic carbon (CO), electrical conductivity (EC) and cation exchange capacity (CEC) factors is carried out. Finally, the geo- accumulation index formula and the enrichment factor are applied and assessed to know the value and contamination source of Al+3 in these soils. The Al+3 average concentration is 1.74 ppm; where three quartiles were identified: Q1=0.39, Q2=1 and Q3=1.84, these allowed to identify the distribution of this element in the study area. The toxicological bioassay determines the minimum and maximum GI of Lactuca sativa L. biomarker (0. 33 and 88.54%, respectively); and the median lethal dose (LD50) at 20.42 ppm. The concentration of Al+3 in this area is generally low compared to other soils with similar characteristics and with a high degree of variability due to the characteristics of the area. However, some areas with high concentrations regarding the general behavior of Al+3 were found in these micro-basins; so, it is recommended to carry out studies in the areas where these anomalous values were found in order to identify the factors that cause this behavior

Condrosarcoma de alto grado de localización infrecuente

Chondrosarcoma is a skeletal malignant neoplasm characterized by the production of neoplastic cartilage, it represents only 20% of bone tumors, and its most frequent location is in the pelvis and proximal extremities. Location in small bones is very rare. A 44-year-old man with a 1-year illness who attended the trauma emergency at the hospital with an increase in volume of the back of the right foot accompanied by intense pain. A wide margin resection of the tumor was performed. The pathology department reported high-grade chondrosarcoma. Currently the patient is evaluated by the oncology service.El condrosarcoma es una neoplasia maligna esquelética caracterizada por la producción de cartílago neoplásico, representa sólo un 20% de los tumores óseos, y su localización más frecuente es en pelvis y extremidades proximales. Su localización en huesos pequeños es rara. Se presenta el caso de un varón de 44 años con un tiempo de enfermedad de 1 año que acude a la emergencia de traumatología con un aumento de volumen de parte posterior del pie derecho acompañado de intenso dolor. Se le realizó una resección con margen amplio del tumor. El servicio de anatomía patológica informó condrosarcoma de alto grado. Actualmente el paciente es evaluado por el servicio de oncología

Characterization and Modeling of the Liquid Phase of Deep Eutectic Solvents Based on Fatty Acids/Alcohols and Choline Chloride

The solid-liquid equilibria phase diagrams of eight eutectic systems formed by choline chloride and fatty acids, or fatty alcohols, were measured to characterize the nonideality of the liquid phase of these systems, commonly reported in the literature as examples of type III deep eutectic solvents (DESs), and to evaluate the best modeling approaches to their description. Most of these systems are shown to present only slight deviations from ideal behavior, resulting from a fine balance of the hydrogen bonding between the hydroxyl/carboxylic groups with the chloride anion and the interactions present in the pure compounds. The phase diagrams measured were modeled with an associative equation of state (EoS) and a g E model. As an EoS, the perturbed-chain statistical associating fluid theory (PC-SAFT) was used, and this model was able to accurately describe the experimental data and to provide reliable estimates of the eutectic points using just a single binary temperature-dependent interaction parameter that often correlates with the acid/alcohol chain length. The performance of PC-SAFT was further compared with the g E model, a non-random two-liquid model (NRTL), and was found to provide a better description of the experimental data, especially for the more nonideal systems. Ultimately, the data gathered, and the molecular modeling, allowed the discussion of the behavior of fatty acids or fatty alcohols as hydrogen bond donors in choline chloride-based DESs.This work was developed in the scope of Projects POCI-01- 0145-FEDER-007679 - CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials (ref. FCT UID/CTM/50011/2013), POCI-01-0145-FEDER- 006984 - Associate Laboratory LSRE-LCM both funded by European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through COMPETE2020 - Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI), and by national funds through FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia. This work is also a result of project “AIProcMat@N2020 - Advanced Industrial Processes and Materials for a Sustainable Northern Region of Portugal 2020”, with the reference NORTE-01-0145- FEDER-000006, supported by Norte Portugal Regional Operational Programme (NORTE 2020), under the Portugal 2020 Partnership Agreement, through ERDF. M.A.R.M acknowledges FCT for her Ph.D. grant (SFRH/BD/87084/2012). C.H. gratefully acknowledges financial support of Max- Buchner Research Foundation.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Babesia spp : Babesiosis bovina

Las especies del género Babesia comúnmente encontradas en el bovino son B. bigemina, B. bovis y B. divergens aunque también han sido reportadas, en menor medida, B. major, B. ovata, B. occultans y B. jakimovi (Spickler, 2018). B. bovis y B. bigemina en conjunto con Anaplasma marginale (bacteria del orden Rickettsiales), son causantes de la enfermedad denominada “Tristeza bovina” o “Fiebre del ganado” descripta por Victor Babes en 1888. Parasitan los glóbulos rojos de los bovinos, causando un síndrome hemolítico agudo acompañado de fiebre, ictericia y anemia. El curso puede ser sobreagudo, agudo y crónico.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Searches for continuous gravitational waves from nine young supernova remnants

We describe directed searches for continuous gravitational waves (GWs) in data from the sixth Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO) science data run. The targets were nine young supernova remnants not associated with pulsars; eight of the remnants are associated with non-pulsing suspected neutron stars. One targetʼs parameters are uncertain enough to warrant two searches, for a total of 10. Each search covered a broad band of frequencies and first and second frequency derivatives for a fixed sky direction. The searches coherently integrated data from the two LIGO interferometers over time spans from 5.3–25.3 days using the matched-filtering F-statistic. We found no evidence of GW signals. We set 95% confidence upper limits as strong (low) as 4 × 10−25 on intrinsic strain, 2 × 10−7 on fiducial ellipticity, and 4 × 10−5 on r-mode amplitude. These beat the indirect limits from energy conservation and are within the range of theoretical predictions for neutron-star ellipticities and r-mode amplitudes.publishedVersionFil: Domínguez, Alfredo Eduardo. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física; Argentina.Fil: Domínguez, Alfredo Eduardo. Argentinian Gravitational Wave Group; Argentina.Fil: Maglione, César Germán. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física; Argentina.Fil: Maglione, César Germán. Argentinian Gravitational Wave Group; Argentina.Fil: Ortega Larcher, Walter Emanuel. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física; Argentina.Fil: Ortega Larcher, Walter Emanuel. Argentinian Gravitational Wave Group; Argentina.Fil: Quiroga, Gonzalo Damián. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física; Argentina.Fil: Quiroga, Gonzalo Damián. Argentinian Gravitational Wave Group; Argentina.Fil: Reula, Oscar Alejandro. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física; Argentina.Fil: Reula, Oscar Alejandro. Argentinian Gravitational Wave Group; Argentina.Otras Ciencias Física

Directed search for gravitational waves from Scorpius X-1 with initial LIGO data

We present results of a search for continuously emitted gravitational radiation, directed at the brightest low-mass x-ray binary, Scorpius X-1. Our semicoherent analysis covers 10 days of LIGO S5 data ranging from 50–550 Hz, and performs an incoherent sum of coherent F -statistic power distributed amongst frequency-modulated orbital sidebands. All candidates not removed at the veto stage were found to be consistent with noise at a 1% false alarm rate. We present Bayesian 95% confidence upper limits on gravitational-wave strain amplitude using two different prior distributions: a standard one, with no a priori assumptions about the orientation of Scorpius X-1; and an angle-restricted one, using a prior derived from electromagnetic observations. Median strain upper limits of 1.3 × 10−24 and 8 × 10−25 are reported at 150 Hz for the standard and angle-restricted searches respectively. This proof-of-principle analysis was limited to a short observation time by unknown effects of accretion on the intrinsic spin frequency of the neutron star, but improves upon previous upper limits by factors of ∼1.4 for the standard, and 2.3 for the angle-restricted search at the sensitive region of the detector.publishedVersionFil: Domínguez, Alfredo Eduardo. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física; Argentina.Fil: Domínguez, Alfredo Eduardo. Argentinian Gravitational Wave Group; Argentina.Fil: Maglione, César Germán. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física; Argentina.Fil: Maglione, César Germán. Argentinian Gravitational Wave Group; Argentina.Fil: Ortega Larcher, Walter Emanuel. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física; Argentina.Fil: Ortega Larcher, Walter Emanuel. Argentinian Gravitational Wave Group; Argentina.Fil: Quiroga, Gonzalo Damián. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física; Argentina.Fil: Quiroga, Gonzalo Damián. Argentinian Gravitational Wave Group; Argentina.Fil: Reula, Oscar Alejandro. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física; Argentina.Fil: Reula, Oscar Alejandro. Argentinian Gravitational Wave Group; Argentina.Otras Ciencias Física

Advanced LIGO

The Advanced LIGO gravitational wave detectors are second-generation instruments designed and built for the two LIGO observatories in Hanford, WA and Livingston, LA, USA. The two instruments are identical in design, and are specialized versions of a Michelson interferometer with 4 km long arms. As in Initial LIGO, Fabry–Perot cavities are used in the arms to increase the interaction time with a gravitational wave, and power recycling is used to increase the effective laser power. Signal recycling has been added in Advanced LIGO to improve the frequency response. In the most sensitive frequency region around 100 Hz, the design strain sensitivity is a factor of 10 better than Initial LIGO. In addition, the low frequency end of the sensitivity band is moved from 40 Hz down to 10 Hz. All interferometer components have been replaced with improved technologies to achieve this sensitivity gain. Much better seismic isolation and test mass suspensions are responsible for the gains at lower frequencies. Higher laser power, larger test masses and improved mirror coatings lead to the improved sensitivity at mid and high frequencies. Data collecting runs with these new instruments are planned to begin in mid-2015.submittedVersionFil: Domínguez, Alfredo Eduardo. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física; Argentina.Fil: Domínguez, Alfredo Eduardo. Argentinian Gravitational Wave Group; Argentina.Fil: Maglione, César Germán. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física; Argentina.Fil: Maglione, César Germán. Argentinian Gravitational Wave Group; Argentina.Fil: Ortega Larcher, Walter Emanuel. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física; Argentina.Fil: Ortega Larcher, Walter Emanuel. Argentinian Gravitational Wave Group; Argentina.Fil: Quiroga, Gonzalo Damián. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física; Argentina.Fil: Quiroga, Gonzalo Damián. Argentinian Gravitational Wave Group; Argentina.Fil: Reula, Oscar Alejandro. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física; Argentina.Fil: Reula, Oscar Alejandro. Argentinian Gravitational Wave Group; Argentina.Física de Partículas y Campo

Development and validation of two SYBR green PCR assays and a multiplex real-time PCR for the detection of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in meat

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are recognized as food-borne pathogens. We developed and validated two SYBR green PCR (SYBR-PCR) and a real-time multiplex PCR (RT-PCR) to detect stx1 and stx2 genes in meat samples, and compared these techniques in ground beef samples from retail stores. One set of primers and one hydrolysis probe were designed for each stx gene. For RT-PCR, an internal amplification control (IAC) was used. All PCR intra-laboratory validations were performed using pure strains and artificially contaminated ground beef samples. A total of 50 STEC and 30 non-STEC strains were used. Naturally contaminated ground beef samples (n = 103) were obtained from retail stores and screened with SYBR-PCR and RT-PCR, and stxpositive samples were processed for STEC isolation. In the intra-laboratory validation, each PCR obtained a 1 × 102 CFU mL−1 limit of detection and 100% inclusivity and exclusivity. The same results were obtained when different laboratory analysts in alternate days performed the assay. The level of agreement obtained with SYBR-PCR and RT-PCR was kappa=0.758 and 0.801 (P b 0.001) for stx1 and stx2 gene detection, respectively. Two PCR strategies were developed and validated, and excellent performance with artificially contaminated ground beef samples was obtained. However, the efforts made to isolate STEC from retail store samples were not enough. Only 11 STEC strains were isolated from 35 stx-positive ground beef samples identically detected by all PCRs. The combination of molecular approaches based on the identification of a virulence genotypic profile of STEC must be considered to improve isolation.Facultad de Ciencias VeterinariasInstituto de Genética Veterinari