O desenvolvimento capitalista no Brasil: industrialização, burguesia nacional e o PCB (1935-1964)

Metadados do trabalho de conclusão de curso: O desenvolvimento capitalista no Brasil: industrialização, burguesia nacional e o PCB (1935-1964), pela/o discente: Karina Fernandes De Oliveira, sob orientação: Marina Machado Gouvea do centro de economia e sociedade, curso de ciências econômicas - economia, integração e desenvolvimento da Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana (UNILA), no Repositório Institucional da Unila (RI-UNILA).O desenvolvimento capitalista no Brasil: industrialização, burguesia nacional e o PCB (1935-1964

Análise do processo empreendedor a partir das lógicas effectuation e causation: um estudo de caso em duas empresas mineiras

Objective: The article aimed to analyze how the effectuation and causation logics were used in the entrepreneurial process of two companies from Minas Gerais. The effectuation logic is based on issues related to the entrepreneur's decision making and contrasts with the causation logic - which refers to traditional methods of the entrepreneurial process based on planning and determined sequences. Methodology: A qualitative comparative study was carried out in two companies from Minas Gerais. The evidence was obtained from interviews with the founding partners, in addition to observation and documents, and the data analysis was performed using content analysis. Results:  The results showed that in the two cases analyzed, the entrepreneurs relied on effectuation logic for setting up the businesses, with little use of causation logic but as the businesses consolidated and moved beyond the initial founding phase, the entrepreneurs took different attitudes, basing their decisions and actions on greater planning and systematic analysis of the context. Limitations: Some studies show that cultural differences can have an influence on the entrepreneurial process and how entrepreneurs make decisions. This variable was not contemplated in this study, which represents a limitation. Additionally, the study analyzed the entrepreneurial process of two companies from Minas Gerais, which does not allow for generalization. Originality/contributions: the work contributes to the national studies on the entrepreneurial process, mainly from the principles that compose the effectuation logic, seeking to identify and classify the decisions and actions of entrepreneurs in the causation and effectuation logics.Objetivo: O artigo teve por objetivo analisar como as lógicas effectuation e causation foram utilizadas no processo empreendedor de duas empresas mineiras. A lógica effectuation surgiu a partir de questões relacionadas à tomada de decisão do empreendedor e se contrapõe à lógica causation - que se refere aos métodos tradicionais sobre o processo de empreender baseado em planejamento e sequências determinadas. Metodologia:  Foi realizado um estudo qualitativo comparativo em duas empresas mineiras. As evidências foram obtidas a partir de entrevistas com os sócios-fundadores, além de observação e documentos, sendo a análise dos dados feita a partir da análise de conteúdo. Resultados:  Os resultados mostraram que, nos dois casos analisados, os empresários se basearam na lógica effectuation para criação das empresas, com pouco uso da lógica causation mas, na medida que os negócios se consolidaram e superaram a fase inicial de fundação, os empresários tomaram atitudes diferentes, baseando suas decisões e ações em maior planejamento e análise sistemática do contexto. Limitações: Alguns estudos mostram que diferenças culturais podem ter influência sobre o processo empreendedor e na forma como empreendedores tomam decisões. Essa variável não foi contemplada nesse estudo, o que representa uma limitação. Adicionalmente o estudo analisou o processo empreendedor de duas empresas mineiras, o que não permite generalização. Originalidade/contribuições: o trabalho contribui com os estudos nacionais sobre o processo empreendedor, principalmente a partir dos princípios que compõem a lógica effectuation, buscando identificar e classificar as decisões e ações dos empreendedores nas lógicas causation e effectuation

Quarenta anos de leishmaniose visceral no Estado do Piauí: revisão

A leishmaniose visceral (LV) é conhecida no Piauí desde 1934. Ao longo dos anos a doença, que era tipicamente rural, passou a ocorrer também em zonas urbanas, concentrando-se, principalmente em Teresina. Durante o processo de urbanização, Teresina experimentou a primeira epidemia urbana da leishmaniose visceral no Brasil, com mais de 1.000 casos notificados entre o período de 1981 a 1986. O crescimento populacional juntamente com o processo migratório promoveu ocupação de terras na periferia de Teresina que contribuíram para a proliferação dos vetores e aumento da incidência da doença humana e canina no Estado. Atualmente a incidência da doença humana e canina em Teresina é bastante elevada e fora de controle. Algumas medidas, como a eliminação de cães sorologicamente positivos no município, parecem não contribuir de modo relevante para a diminuição do número de casos novos de LV. Apesar dos estudos relacionados aos aspectos epidemiológicos da doença, ainda pouco se conhece sobre o real papel de cães no ciclo da LV. Objetivou-se com esta revisão divulgar a situação da LV em Teresina-PI, nos últimos 40 anos, enfocando os principais aspectos que contribuem para a alta incidência e persistência da infecção.Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) has been known to occur in the state of Piauí since 1934. The typically rural disease began to appear in urban areas over time, being concentrated mainly in Teresina, the capital of Piauí. Teresina was also affected by the first urban epidemic of VL in Brazil. Over 1,000 cases of the disease were reported during urbanization (1981-1986). Human population growth and migration led to land occupation on the outskirts of Teresina. These factors have contributed to vector proliferation, increasing the incidence of VL. At present, the incidence of human and canine disease is quite high and uncontrolled in Piauí. It seems that some measures, such as the elimination of seropositive dogs, failed to significantly reduce the number of new VL cases in Teresina. Despite previously conducted studies, little is known about VL epidemiology in urban areas. The aim of this review is to reveal the situation of VL in Teresina during the last 40 years, focusing on the major factors that may contribute to the high incidence and persistence of VL infection

What’s to be learned? A Review of Sociocultural Digital Literacies Research within Pre-service Teacher Education

This circumscribed review analyzes recent sociocultural, qualitative research in digital literacies within pre-service teacher education. It focuses on what teacher educators are doing with respect to working with pre-service teacher education students and digital literacies conceived more in terms of social practices than as proficiency in using education technology tools. Analysis suggests digital literacies within pre-service teacher education are typically linked to out-of-school practices in order to help facilitate student teachers\u27 take-up of digital literacies in their own classrooms. The studies also suggest that projects that encourage and support collaboration are well received by pre-service teachers and seem to result in fruitful learning

Site-specific glycan analysis of proteins in cell culture conditioned media and subcellular fractions by LC-MS/MS for understanding the impact of process conditions on N-glycosylation

Protein glycosylation, which involves the attachment of sugar residues to proteins, is an important post-translational modification that can influence the structure, pharmacological activity and stability of therapeutic proteins. The mechanisms by which cells modify and process these sugars therefore needs to be well understood and tightly controlled during protein production to ensure consistent product quality. Typically, glycosylation patterns are determined for the secreted therapeutic protein found in the conditioned media (CM). However, since glycosylation occurs through enzymatic reactions within the cellular endomembrane system, the glycosylation profile of the therapeutic protein in different intracellular compartments can also provide valuable insight into the static and dynamic properties of the cell culture system that impact protein glycosylation. This study focuses on determination of glycosylation patterns in CM and different sub-cellular fractions for three distinct N-glycosylation sites of a therapeutic Fc-fusion protein, by applying the Selected Reaction Monitoring (SRM) approach coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). SRM is a rapidly evolving technique for the reliable quantification of low abundance glycopeptides, since it reduces noise and enhances signal intensity by monitoring a select number of predetermined transitions. This mode of analysis was successfully applied for comprehensive site-specific glycan profiling of the therapeutic protein from CM and sub-cellular fractions during CHO cell culture, providing an overview of intermediate and final glycan species formed during the glycosylation process. The distinct glycan distribution patterns for the Fc-fusion protein in CM and different sub-cellular fractions, revealed through this effort, provide a window for understanding the impact of cell culture conditions on the glycosylation pathway, and possibly identify the bottlenecks in generation of glycan species of interest

Mammalia, Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae, Vampyrum spectrum (Linnaeus, 1758): first record for the Cerrado biome in the state of Mato Grosso, west central Brazil

In Brazil, Vampyrum spectrum has been recorded in the Amazon forest, Caatinga, Pantanal, and in the Cerrado of Tocantins. The only previously known record for the Mato Grosso state is more than 50 years old, in a Pantanal area. This paper provides the first record of the species in a Cerrado area of this state, in the municipality of Nova Xavantina, west central Brazil

Virtual sensor of surface electromyography in a new extensive fault-tolerant classification system

A few prosthetic control systems in the scientific literature obtain pattern recognition algorithms adapted to changes that occur in the myoelectric signal over time and, frequently, such systems are not natural and intuitive. These are some of the several challenges for myoelectric prostheses for everyday use. The concept of the virtual sensor, which has as its fundamental objective to estimate unavailable measures based on other available measures, is being used in other fields of research. The virtual sensor technique applied to surface electromyography can help to minimize these problems, typically related to the degradation of the myoelectric signal that usually leads to a decrease in the classification accuracy of the movements characterized by computational intelligent systems. This paper presents a virtual sensor in a new extensive fault-tolerant classification system to maintain the classification accuracy after the occurrence of the following contaminants: ECG interference, electrode displacement, movement artifacts, power line interference, and saturation. The Time-Varying Autoregressive Moving Average (TVARMA) and Time-Varying Kalman filter (TVK) models are compared to define the most robust model for the virtual sensor. Results of movement classification were presented comparing the usual classification techniques with the method of the degraded signal replacement and classifier retraining The experimental results were evaluated for these five noise types in 16 surface electromyography (sEMG) channel degradation case studies. The proposed system without using classifier retraining techniques recovered of mean classification accuracy was of 4% to 38% for electrode displacement, movement artifacts, and saturation noise. The best mean classification considering all signal contaminants and channel combinations evaluated was the classification using the retraining method, replacing the degraded channel by the virtual sensor TVARMA model. This method recovered the classification accuracy after the degradations, reaching an average of 5.7% below the classification of the clean signal, that is the signal without the contaminants or the original signal. Moreover, the proposed intelligent technique minimizes the impact of the motion classification caused by signal contamination related to degrading events over time. There are improvements in the virtual sensor model and in the algorithm optimization that need further development to provide an increase the clinical application of myoelectric prostheses but already presents robust results to enable research with virtual sensors on biological signs with stochastic behavior

Genetic Variation in Pattern-Recognition Receptors and Association with Leprosy

Mycobacterium leprae is a highly infectious and low pathogenic microorganism that is the causal agent of leprosy. The differences in vulnerability to leprosy, the spectral immune response, and the clinical manifestations of this disease are related to different genetic backgrounds among individuals. In this sense, genetic variants, especially in genes related to mycobacteria recognition and host immune response, may be key factors to explain individual susceptibility and resistance to leprosy and their conditions. In this chapter, studies regarding association of genetic variants in pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) and leprosy will be reviewed revealing the importance of molecules such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 (NOD2) in leprosy initiation and maintenance

Produções literárias contemporâneas para jovens leitores e as suas temáticas: as realidades brasileira e galega

Tendo em vista que o reconhecimento da literatura juvenil é um fenômeno recente, observa-se que os subsistemas literários juvenis brasileiro e galego, desde o nascimento de ambos – o primeiro a partir da década de 70 e, o segundo, na década de 80 – apresentaram um grande avanço quanto às temáticas abordadas no gênero narrativo juvenil, especialmente àquelas que foram deixadas de lado durante muito tempo, tais como, bullying, violência sexual, doenças terminais, terrorismo, preconceito, morte, dentre outros conflitos vivenciados pelos jovens protagonistas dessas obras. De modo geral, as produções narrativas juvenis atuais têm proporcionado uma maior identificação com os adolescentes, como já assinalou Martha (2010b: 121), pois os jovens podem se reconhecer nesse mundo ficcional e refletirem sobre sua condição em meio a um período de turbulências. Dessa forma, esta tese tem o intuito de rastrear e analisar, a partir dos estudos da literatura comparada, os temas recorrentes em um corpus de vinte e quatro narrativas juvenis contemporâneas brasileiras e galegas do século XXI (2000-2012), doze de cada âmbito. A fundamentação teórica deste trabalho abrange estudos da Literatura Comparada e da Tematología, como os de autoria de Claudio Guillén, Tânia Carvalhal e Eduardo Coutinho, Cristina Naupert, Genara Pulido Tirado, dentre outros. Além disso, valemo-nos, sobretudo, das investigações de João Luís Ceccantini, Alice Áurea Penteado Martha, Vera Teixeira de Aguiar, Blanca-Ana Roig Rechou, para a realização de uma breve retrospectiva da formação e consolidação dos subsistemas juvenis brasileiro e galego, respectivamente. A investigação demonstrou que os dois contextos apresentam terrenos férteis para tecer comparações – aproximações e distanciamentos –, especialmente no que confere aos conflitos vivenciados pelos protagonistas de tais narrativas. Finalmente, acreditamos que esta pesquisa contribui não apenas para o desenvolvimento do subsistema literário juvenil dos dois âmbitos em questão, mas também como uma ferramenta para os mediadores de leitur