Opis drogi do Wilna Marii Magdaleny od Zbawiciela, Anny Żaboklickiej, lubelskiej karmelitanki bosej. Pierwszy polski kobiecy diariusz podróżny z 1638 roku

The aim of the article is to present the first Polish travel journal written by a woman, a Discalced Carmelite nun based in Lublin, Sister Mary Magdalene of the Saviour [Maria Magdalena od Zbawiciela] (Anna Żaboklicka), who in 1638, set out from Lublin to Lithuania in order to establish a new convent of Discalced Carmelite nuns. It is a unique text in the history of female memoirs and literary output, as it represents a genre of applied literature. Its recognition in the context of diaristic writings fills a lacuna in the research of Old Polish literature. The manuscript is a record of the trip to Vilnius. It combines elements of female private experience with a description of the world steeped in the conviction as to the importance of the mission of expanding the Carmelite Order and bolstering its status through historiographic writing. The Carmelite’s journal served as the origin for the chronicle of the Vilnius convent. The manuscript has been presented in the context of Old Polish memoirist literature with a particular emphasis on the features of travel journals. The text was addressed to the monastic community. It was analysed in terms of its structure, the elements of the setting, and cultural references interesting to the author (especially the cuisine of Lithuania and Podlachia).Przedmiotem artykułu jest przedstawienie pierwszego polskiego diariusza podróżnego kobiety, lubelskiej karmelitanki bosej – Marii Magdaleny od Zbawiciela (Anny Żaboklickiej), która wyruszyła z Lublina w podróż na Litwę w 1638 w celu założenia nowego klasztoru karmelitanek bosych. Jest to wyjątkowy w historii memuarystyki i piśmiennictwa kobiecego tekst, należący do pisarstwa użytkowego. Jego przedstawienie w kontekście diarstyki uzupełnia lukę w badaniach nad literaturą staropolską. Rękopis zawiera zapis podróży do Wilna. Manuskrypt łączy elementy kobiecego, prywatnego doznawania i opisu świata z głębokim przeświadczeniem o istotności misji rozszerzania zakonu karmelitańskiego i budowania jego statusu przez piśmiennictwo historiograficzne. Dziennik karmelitanki stał się początkiem kroniki klasztoru wileńskiego. Manuskrypt ukazany został w kontekście pamiętnikarstwa staropolskiego ze szczególnym wskazaniem cech diariuszy podróżnych. Tekst adresowany był do zbiorowości zakonnej. Materiał przeanalizowano pod kątem struktury, elementów świata przedstawionego, informacji kulturowych interesujących dla autorki (zwłaszcza kulinariów litewskich i podlaskich).

Present-self, past-self and the close-other : neural correlates of assigning trait adjectives to oneself and others

Information regarding the past-self may be viewed as information referring to other people. However, evidence supporting this notion at the neural level is rather sparse and it remains unclear whether the past-self is processed like any ‘other' or like the close-other only. The aim of this event-related potential study was to investigate this issue. A reflection task requiring evaluation of positive and negative trait adjectives with respect to present- and past-self, a close-other and a famous person was applied. We hypothesized that the past-self and close-other conditions would share their neural underpinnings. The process of reflection on the past-self and close-other was indeed associated with similar mean amplitudes of the late positive component (LPC), whereas in the case of the past-self vs. famous person comparison LPC was significantly enhanced for the past-self. Analogous effects were observed when LPC was calculated for trials with traits judged as either suitable or unsuitable to describe a person who was the target of reflection. Thus, these findings suggest that the processing of information related to the past-self resembles processing of information related to a personally relevant other. Moreover, sex-differences were observed in reaction times and LPC amplitudes for responses reflecting the positivity bia

Heart rate turbulence in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

Background: Heart rate turbulence (HRT) assessment is used as noninvasive method based on physiological sinus node response to the premature ventricular beat. Blunted HRT may indicate the autonomic nervous system impairment and can be helpful in identifying high-risk patients. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) leads to cardiovascular complications. Autonomic nervous system and baroreflex dysfunctions may play the main role in the development of cardiovascular diseases. In the present study we aimed to assess HRT parameters in OSAS patients with and without coronary artery disease (CAD) in comparison to control group. Methods: HRT analysis (TO - turbulence onset and TS - turbulence slope) was performed in 22 OSAS patients (confirmed by polisomnography, apnea-hypopnea index &#8805; 15) and 21 healthy persons, obtained from 24-hour ECG recordings. CAD was confirmed in 10 OSAS patients, by positive exercise test ECG and coronary angiography. Results: TS was significantly lower in OSAS patients in comparison to control group (1.14 &#177; &#177; 2.83 vs. 21.28 &#177; 16.2, p < 0.001). TO didn&#8217;t differ in both group. Significant negative correlation between TS and apnea-hypopnea index was observed (r = 0.49, p < 0.01). There were no significant HRT changes in OSAS and CAD patients vs. OSAS without CAD patients, although tendency to more impaired HRT in OSAS and CAD patients was observed. Conclusions: In OSAS patients, blunted HRT (especially TS) was observed. This may indicate baro-reflex dysfunction correlated with the severity of sleep disorders. The additional diagnosis of CAD did not significantly influence HRT parameters

Horror vacui w królewskim mieście. Mirakularne przestrzenie Lublina w XVII-wiecznych i XVIII-wiecznych księgach cudów miejskich

Horror vacui – an aesthetic category specific to visual arts is a metaphor for the Old Polish books about miracles discussed in the article. It reflects both the mosaic and multiplicity of old miraculous collections, as well as their dynamic reception, because each time these texts lead to a different face of ancient culture and show diverse aspects of the past. This metaphor in the context of miraculous books and the city from which they come from also reflects the multitude of both Lublin religious texts related to Lublin’s holy places, as well as the places themselves – depositories of images, relics and miracles. Miracle books are considered valuable material for research on the history of religiosity, medicine, culture and mentality; they are fascinating practical texts. The multitude of preserved records prompted the researchers to formulate a thesis about the “miracular sensitivity” characteristic of ancient culture. The miraculous books, although studied in many aspects, especially in terms of religiosity, were not analyzed in terms of connections with the space they refer to, for example, one city. The subject of this article is the specific relationship between miraculous records, printed or handwritten, or descriptions of religious miracles (added to literary works) with the place – the city of Lublin in the 17th and 18th centuries.Horror vacui – estetyczna kategoria właściwa sztukom plastycznym jest metaforą omawianych w artykule staropolskich ksiąg o cudach; odzwierciedla zarówno mozaikowość i wielorakość dawnych zbiorów mirakularnych, jak i dynamiczny ich odbiór, teksty te bowiem za każdym razem prowadzą do innego oblicza kultury dawnej i pokazują zróżnicowane aspekty przeszłości. Metafora horror vacui w kontekście ksiąg mirakularnych i miasta, z którego pochodzą odzwierciedla także mnogość zarówno lubelskich tekstów religijnych związanych z lubelskimi miejscami świętymi jak i samych miejsc - depozytariuszy obrazów, relikwii czy cudów. Księgi mirakularne uznawane są za cenny materiał do badań nad dziejami religijności, medycyny, kultury, mentalności; fascynujące teksty użytkowe. Wielość zachowanych przekazów skłoniła ich badaczy do sformułowania tezy o znamiennej dla kultury dawnej „wrażliwości mirakularnej” Księgi mirakularne, choć badane wieloaspektowo, zwłaszcza po względem religijności, jednak nie były analizowane pod kątem związków z przestrzenią, której dotyczą, na przykład jednego miasta. Tematem niniejszego artykułu jest szczególna relacja zapisów mirakularnych drukowanych, rękopiśmiennych bądź dodanych do utworów literackich opisów cudów religijnych z miejscem - miastem Lublinem w XVII i XVIII wieku

Planting a seed - child health care nurses’ perceptions of speaking to parents about overweight and obesity : a qualitative study within the STOP project

Background Nurses in child health care (CHC) centers in Sweden play a key role in the early detection and management of childhood overweight/obesity, through meeting families early, regularly and over many years. However, research focusing on CHC nurses’ perceptions of their role in childhood overweight/obesity management is scarce. As part of the EU-funded project “Science and Technology in childhood Obesity Policy” (STOP), this study examines CHC nurses’ perceptions of speaking to parents about children’s overweight/obesity and of their role in referring children to treatment for overweight/obesity. Methods All registered CHC nurses in Stockholm County (n = 442) received an email invitation letter explaining the study. Individual face-to-face visits (n = 15) in selected centers, and phone calls (n = 24) to nurses working in these centres were also conducted. In total, 17 CHC nurses (all female, average work experience 6.7 years (SD ± 4.9 years)) from 10 municipalities (including four of the top five municipalities with the highest prevalence of overweight and obesity) in Stockholm County were interviewed. The interviews were conducted by phone, transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis. Results Two main themes were developed through the analysis: 1) The relationship between the nurse and the parent and 2) Glitch in the system. Under the first theme, nurses reported that weight-related discussions were facilitated by building and maintaining trust with parents. However, nurses also said they were reluctant to address children’s weights if this could compromise parents’ trust. Under the second theme, nurses highlighted several organizational barriers to addressing a child’s weight with parents, including insufficient cooperation with other healthcare providers and limited time for visits. Nurses also identified lack of sufficient knowledge about what to offer the family and lack of confidence in their communication skills as additional barriers. Conclusions We found that pediatric nurses perceive relational and organizational factors as barriers to address childhood obesity with parents. To improve care, it is necessary to provide nurses with continuing education about obesity and communication skills and organizational support to improve communication within the healthcare system

Time-Course Microarray Analysis Reveals Differences between Transcriptional Changes in Tomato Leaves Triggered by Mild and Severe Variants of Potato Spindle Tuber Viroid

Viroids are small non-capsidated non-coding RNA replicons that utilize host factors for efficient propagation and spread through the entire plant. They can incite specific disease symptoms in susceptible plants. To better understand viroid-plant interactions, we employed microarray analysis to observe the changes of gene expression in ‘Rutgers’ tomato leaves in response to the mild (M) and severe (S23) variants of potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd). The changes were analyzed over a time course of viroid infection development: (i) the pre-symptomatic stage, (ii) early symptoms, (iii) full spectrum of symptoms and (iv) the so-called ‘recovery’ stage, when stem regrowth was observed in severely affected plants. Gene expression profiles differed depending on stage of infection and variant. In S23-infected plants, the expression of over 3,000 genes was affected, while M-infected plants showed 3-fold fewer differentially expressed genes, only 20% of which were specific to the M variant. The differentially expressed genes included many genes related to stress; defense; hormone metabolism and signaling; photosynthesis and chloroplasts; cell wall; RNA regulation, processing and binding; protein metabolism and modification and others. The expression levels of several genes were confirmed by nCounter analysis

Adverse reaction after transfusion of Red Blood Cells in a patient aged 97 years - case report

During hospitalization 97 years old patient had blood transfusion. This procedure lead to overload of cardiovascular system. Pharmacotherapy gradually improved the general condition of the patient. The patient was discharged in a stable state. Doubts arise; when blood should be transfused, in which cases should a blood transfusion be discontinued, what should be the recommendation for a blood transfusion for older people over the age of 90. There is a need for further research in geriatrics regarding the transfusion of blood and its components

Forgetting of Emotional Information Is Hard: An fMRI Study of Directed Forgetting

Strong evidence suggests that memory for emotional information is much better than for neutral one. Thus, one may expect that forgetting of emotional information is difficult and requires considerable effort. The aim of this item-method directed forgetting functional magnetic resonance imaging study was to investigate this hypothesis both at behavioral and neural levels. Directed forgetting effects were observed for both neutral and emotionally negative International Affective Picture System images. Moreover, recognition rate of negative to-be-forgotten images was higher than in case of neutral ones. In the study phase, intention to forget and successful forgetting of emotionally negative images were associated with widespread activations extending from the anterior to posterior regions mainly in the right hemisphere, whereas in the case of neutral images, they were associated with just one cluster of activation in the right lingual gyrus. Therefore, forgetting of emotional information seems to be a demanding process that strongly activates a distributed neural network in the right hemisphere. In the test phase, in turn, successfully forgotten images—either neutral or emotionally negative—were associated with virtually no activation, even at the lowered P value threshold. These results suggest that intentional inhibition during encoding may be an efficient strategy to cope with emotionally negative memorie

How far can the self be extended? Automatic attention capture is triggered not only by the self-face

The preferential processing of self-related information is thought to be driven by its high level of familiarity. However, some behavioral studies have shown that people may exhibit a preference for initially unfamiliar stimuli that have been associated with themselves arbitrarily. One of the key questions that needs to be addressed concerns the role of early attention in the prioritization of newly acquired information associated with the self. Another question is whether both highly familiar as well as new information referring to a subjectively significant person (i.e. close-other) benefits from preferential attentional processing. We aimed to tackle both questions by investigating the neural mechanisms involved in processing extremely familiar stimuli, like one’s own face or the face of a close-other, as well as stimuli (abstract shapes) that were newly linked to each person. We used a dot-probe paradigm that allowed us to investigate the early stages of attentional prioritization. Our analysis of the N2pc component unveiled that attention was automatically captured by the self-face, a shape associated with oneself, and the face of the close person. However, a shape associated with the close-other did not elicit the same attentional response, as the N2pc was absent. Thus, both the self-face and information referring to the extended self (self-assigned shape, close-other’s face) benefit from preferential early and automatic attentional processing