A comprehensive overview on nanofiber technology and their advancements in the field of pharmaceuticals

Nanotechnology is a growing technology that has been marked as the most vital scientific and commercial venture across the world with great benefits. Globally many researchers are involved in the development of newer types of nanomaterials through modifications of various fabrication techniques. Nanofibers have been an emerging trend in the field of nanomaterials due to its unique physicochemical characteristics. Properties such as high surface area and high porosity absorbance ratio with the interconnected fibrous networks makes nanofibers unique. The current review explores the present status and upcoming advancements in the field of nanofiber technology. The article is focused on the various preparation techniques and applications in medicine, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine and pharmaceuticals. Despite the advancements, the limitations and future prospects in the area of nanofiber technology have been highlighted

Plasma flows in the cool loop systems

We study the dynamics of low-lying cool loop systems for three datasets as observed by the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS). Radiances, Doppler shifts and line widths are investigated in and around observed cool loop systems using various spectral lines formed between the photosphere and transition region (TR). Footpoints of the loop threads are either dominated by blueshifts or redshifts. The co-spatial variation of velocity above the blue-shifted footpoints of various loop threads shows a transition from very small upflow velocities ranging from (-1 to +1) km/s in the Mg\,{\sc ii} k line (2796.20~\AA; formation temperature: log (T/K) = 4.0) to the high upflow velocities from (-10 to -20) km/s in Si\,{\sc iv}. Thus, the transition of the plasma flows from red-shift (downflows) to the blue-shift (upflows) is observed above the footpoints of these loop systems in the spectral line C\,{\sc ii} (1334.53~\AA; \log (T/K) = 4.3) lying between Mg\,{\sc ii} k and Si\,{\sc iv} (1402.77~\AA; log (T / K) = 4.8). This flow inversion is consistently observed in all three sets of the observational data. The other footpoint of loop system always remains red-shifted indicating downflowing plasma. The multi-spectral line analysis in the present paper provides a detailed scenario of the plasma flows inversions in cool loop systems leading to the mass transport and their formation. The impulsive energy release due to small-scale reconnection above loop footpoint seems to be the most likely cause for sudden initiation of the plasma flows evident at TR temperatures.Comment: 29 Pages, 14 figures, The Astrophysical Journal (in press

Novel approaches in development of cell penetrating peptides

Therapeutic cargos which are impermeable to the cell can be delivered by cell penetrating peptides (CPPs). CPP-cargo complexes accumulate by endocytosis inside the cells but they fail to reach the cytosolic space properly as they are often trapped in the endocytic organelles. Here the CPP mediated endosomal escape and some strategies used to increase endosomal escape of CPP-cargo conjugates are discussed with evidence. Potential benefits can be obtained by peptides such as reduction in side effects, biocompatibility, easier synthesis and can be obtained at lower administered doses. The particular peptide known as cell penetrating peptides are able to translocate themselves across membrane with the carrier drugs with different mechanisms.  This is of prime importance in drug delivery systems as they have capability to cross physiological membranes. This review describes various mechanisms for effective drug delivery and associated challenge

VizCom: A Novel Workflow Model for ICU Clinical Decision-Support

The Intensive Care Unit (ICU) has the highest annual mortality rate (4.4M) of any hospital unit or 25% of all clinical admissions. Studies show a relationship between clinician cognitive load and workflow, and their impact on patient safety and the subsequent occurrence of medical mishaps due to diagnostic error - in spite of advances in health information technology, e.g., bedside and clinical decision support (CDS) systems. The aim of our research is to: 1) investigate the root causes (underlying mechanisms) of ICU error related to the effects of clinical workflow: medical cognition, team communication/collaboration, and the use of diagnostic/CDS systems and 2) construct and validate a novel workflow model that supports improved clinical workflow, with goals to decrease adverse events, increase safety, and reduce intensivist time, effort, and cognitive resources. Lastly, our long-term objective is to apply data from aims one and two to design the next generation of diagnostic visualization-communication (VizCom) system that improves intensive care workflow, communication, and effectiveness in healthcare

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF PARACETAMOL SUSPENSION BY USING NATURAL SUSPENDING AGENT EXTRACTED FROM BANANA PEELS

The present work was aimed to formulate and evaluate a new, cheap and effective natural suspending agent that can be used as an effective alternative for traditional suspending agent. The study procedure involved extraction of suspending agent from the Musa paradisica (Banana) fruit peels, determination of swelling index, phytochemical testing, Micromeritic properties of mucilage like Bulk density, Tapped density, Carr’s index, Hausner’s ratio, Angle of repose, Calibration of paracetamol, preparation of paracetamol suspensions and evaluated for pH determination, determination of sedimentation volume, redispersibility, determination of flow rate, measurement of viscosity, effect of temperature, drug content, particle size determination and In-vitro dissolution studies. The study showed that the extraction of suspending agent from banana fruit peels. The swelling index was found to be 40%. The photochemical test showed contains carbohydrates. As the concentration of suspending agent increases therefore viscosity of suspension increases which ultimately reduces the sedimentation of suspension

Enhancement of Power Quality in Domestic Loads Using Harmonic Filters

This study deals with the mitigation of current harmonics, which is primarily important to alleviate power quality problems in modern times. Current harmonics produced by different widely used loads have been evaluated and related parameters have been tabled. Using the data obtained, a non-linear load was modelled to serve as the test load. Different mitigation solutions and techniques were studied to select an appropriate filter design for domestic single-phase application. The Active Power Filter (APF)'s steady-state and dynamic output was evaluated with reference current extraction techniques like PQ and SRF theories in Simulink. For a fair comparison, various parameters related to the filter design were kept identical between the tests conducted; and to test the dynamic performance, a highly inductive load was connected halfway through simulation. The reactive power compensation offered by the filter was studied by using various waveforms and parameters are investigated and tabulated. The study was carried out to identify a reference current extraction technique that yields the best performance and understand the implementation of the same to identify inherent issues that can sometimes be overlooked because of their simplicity and ease of implementation. The performance of two commonly used reference current extraction techniques were analyzed by subjecting it to highly non-linear and highly inductive loads that were modelled based on various loads that were analyzed