The Intensive Care Unit (ICU) has the highest annual mortality rate (4.4M) of any hospital unit or 25% of all clinical admissions. Studies show a relationship between clinician cognitive load and workflow, and their impact on patient safety and the subsequent occurrence of medical mishaps due to diagnostic error - in spite of advances in health information technology, e.g., bedside and clinical decision support (CDS) systems. The aim of our research is to: 1) investigate the root causes (underlying mechanisms) of ICU error related to the effects of clinical workflow: medical cognition, team communication/collaboration, and the use of diagnostic/CDS systems and 2) construct and validate a novel workflow model that supports improved clinical workflow, with goals to decrease adverse events, increase safety, and reduce intensivist time, effort, and cognitive resources. Lastly, our long-term objective is to apply data from aims one and two to design the next generation of diagnostic visualization-communication (VizCom) system that improves intensive care workflow, communication, and effectiveness in healthcare
