A protective role of gamma/delta T cells in primary infection with Listeria monocytogenes in mice.

We have previously reported that T cells bearing T cell receptors (TCRs) of gamma/delta type appear at a relatively early stage of primary infection with Listeria monocytogenes in mice. To characterize the early-appearing gamma/delta T cells during listeriosis, we analyzed the specificity and cytokine production of the gamma/delta T cells in the peritoneal cavity in mice inoculated intraperitoneally with a sublethal dose of L. monocytogenes. The early-appearing gamma/delta T cells, most of which were of CD4-CD8- phenotype, proliferated and secreted IFN-gamma and macrophage chemotactic factor in response to purified protein derivative from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, or recombinant 65-kD heat-shock protein derived from M. bovis but not to heat-killed Listeria. To further elucidate the potential role of the gamma/delta T cells in the host-defense mechanism against primary infection with Listeria, we examined the effects of in vivo administration of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against TCR-gamma/delta or TCR-alpha/beta on the bacterial eradication in mice infected with Listeria. Most of alpha/beta T cells or gamma/delta T cells were depleted in the peripheral lymphoid organs at least for 12 d after an intraperitoneal injection of 200 micrograms TCR-alpha/beta mAb or 200 micrograms TCR-gamma/delta mAb, respectively. An exaggerated bacterial multiplication was evident at the early stage of listerial infection in the gamma/delta T cells-depleted mice, whereas the alpha/beta T cell-depleted mice exhibited much the same resistance level as the control mice at this stage although the resistance was severely impaired at the late stage after listerial infection.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS

携帯型核医学持続心機能モニタによる左心機能測定に関する基礎的および臨床的研究

取得学位 : 博士（医学）, 学位授与番号 : 医博甲第966号, 学位授与年月日：平成2年9月30日,学位授与年：199

アルツハイマー病群,正常対照群,非アルツハイマー神経精神疾患群における海馬領域と内嗅領皮質の神経原繊維変化,老人斑と星状膠細胞の定量的研究

取得学位 : 博士（医学）, 学位授与番号 : 医博甲第1376号，学位授与年月日：平成11年7月7日,学位授与年：199

Bilateral pneumothoraces, pneumomediastinum, pneumoperitoneum, pneumoretroperitoneum, and subcutaneous emphysema after percutaneous tracheostomy -A case report-

We report a rare case of a 72-year-old female who developed extensive subcutaneous emphysema, bilateral pneumothoraces, pneumomediastinum, pneumoperitoneum, and pneumoretroperitoneum after a percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy. The patient's T-cannula was accidentally connected to the oxygen line with a non-perforated connector. The patient rapidly developed respiratory insufficiency and subcutaneous emphysema in the neck and both shoulders. The bilateral pneumothoraces were managed using a chest tube. CT scans of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis revealed an extensive distribution of air throughout the chest and abdomen. The patient was treated successfully with supportive care. This case illustrates the rare occurrence of air passing into multiple body compartments, highlighting the potentially serious complications of a tracheostomy and the importance of intensive care during the recovery period

コウコウセイ ノ ドウキズケ ニオケル バイカイ ヨウイン トシテノ コジンテキ モクヒョウ

本研究は個人的目標の認知が達成志向的行動に対して、統制感や自己決定感といった認知様式の変数の効果を媒介する要因であることを検討した。325 名の高校生を対象に統制感、自己決定感、個人的目標および達成志向的行動についての質問紙調査を実施した。個人的目標に関しては、被験者は自由に現在の目標をあげたあと、もっとも重要なものをひとつ選び、その目標の達成可能性、重要性認知、および他の目標との関連性について評定した。　SEM による分析の結果、統制感は目標の重要性認知に正の効果を持ち、さらにそれは目標の関連性を媒介して、達成志向的行動に正の影響を持つことが示された。一方自己決定感は達成期待と正の関連を示すとともに目標の関連性に直接の効果を持った。こうした結果は生徒の動機づけに関して、目標が構造化されることが重要であることを示唆するものである。The study examined the role of personal goals on achievement oriented behaviors that mediated the effect of cognitive style factors, such as perceived control and perceived autonomy. The participants were 325 students at senior high school. A questionnaire on perceived control, perceived autonomy, personal goals and achievement oriented behaviors was administered. As for personal goals, subjects described their several current goals and selected the most important one. Then they estimated their expectancy on the goal attainment and the perceived importance and the relevancy of other goals to the important goal. SEM showed that perceived control had a positive effect on the perceived importance of the goal and furthermore the latter also had a positive effect on the achievement oriented behaviors mediated by the instrumentality of goals. Perceived autonomy showed a positive relationship to the expectancy and also had a direct effect to the instrumentality. The results suggested the important mediating role of personal goals in students’ motivation

Detection of cardiomyocyte death in a rat model of ischemia and reperfusion using 99mTc-labeled annexin V.

金沢大学大学院医学系研究科There is increasing evidence that cell death after myocardial ischemia and reperfusion may begin as apoptosis rather than necrosis. To determine the time course, location, and extent of this process, we studied groups of rats after a 20-min interval of coronary occlusion and reperfusion. METHODS: After thoracotomy, the left coronary artery was occluded for 20 min. After release and before study, groups of animals were allowed to recover for various intervals: 0.5 h (n = 6), 1.5 h (n = 7), 6 h (n = 7), 1 d (n = 8), 3 d (n = 8), or 2 wk (n = 5). At the time of study, the rats were injected with 99mTc-annexin V (80-150 MBq). One hour later, to verify the area at risk, 201Tl (0.74 MBq) was injected intravenously just after the left coronary artery reocclusion and the rats were sacrificed 1 min later. Dual-tracer autoradiography was performed to assess 99mTc-annexin V uptake and the area at risk. RESULTS: Extensive 99mTc-annexin V uptake was observed in the mid myocardium after 0.5-1.5 h of reperfusion. The area of annexin uptake had expanded in the subendocardial and subepicardial layers at 6 h after reperfusion and then gradually lessened over 3 d. At 0.5 and 1.5 h of reperfusion, 99mTc-annexin V uptake ratios were 7.36 +/- 2.95 and 6.34 +/- 2.24 (mean +/- SD), respectively. The uptake ratios gradually decreased at 6 h, 1 d, 3 d, and 2 wk after reperfusion (4.65 +/- 1.93, 3.27 +/- 0.92 [P < 0.01 vs. 0.5 h], 1.84 +/- 0.55 [P < 0.001 vs. 0.5 h, P < 0.005 vs. 1.5 h], and 1.65 +/- 0.31 [P < 0.001 vs. 0.5 h, P < 0.005 vs. 1.5 h], respectively). CONCLUSION: These data indicate that annexin binding commences soon after ischemia and reperfusion in the mid myocardium within the area at risk and expands to include the subendocardial and subepicardial layers at 6 h after reperfusion, followed by gradual reduction of activity over 3 d

肝予備能評価における99mTc-GSA肝シンチグラフィ定量解析法の有用性-99mTc-PMT,99mTc-Sn colloidとの比較-

金沢大学大学院医学系研究

Stereological Analysis of Neuron, Glial and Endothelial Cell Numbers in the Human Amygdaloid Complex

Cell number alterations in the amygdaloid complex (AC) might coincide with neurological and psychiatric pathologies with anxiety imbalances as well as with changes in brain functionality during aging. This stereological study focused on estimating, in samples from 7 control individuals aged 20 to 75 years old, the number and density of neurons, glia and endothelial cells in the entire AC and in its 5 nuclear groups (including the basolateral (BL), corticomedial and central groups), 5 nuclei and 13 nuclear subdivisions. The volume and total cell number in these territories were determined on Nissl-stained sections with the Cavalieri principle and the optical fractionator. The AC mean volume was 956 mm3 and mean cell numbers (x106) were: 15.3 neurons, 60 glial cells and 16.8 endothelial cells. The numbers of endothelial cells and neurons were similar in each AC region and were one fourth the number of glial cells. Analysis of the influence of the individuals’ age at death on volume, cell number and density in each of these 24 AC regions suggested that aging does not affect regional size or the amount of glial cells, but that neuron and endothelial cell numbers respectively tended to decrease and increase in territories such as AC or BL. These accurate stereological measures of volume and total cell numbers and densities in the AC of control individuals could serve as appropriate reference values to evaluate subtle alterations in this structure in pathological conditions