Deficiencias en la oportunidad de la atención a pacientes en los servicios de urgencias

El compromiso personal de los profesionales de salud, como factor importante, aunque poco explorado para mejorar la oportunidad en la atención en salud en los Servicios Médicos de Urgencias, puede producir deficiencias en la calidad de la atención, generando a su vez insatisfacción en los pacientes y en sus familias. Estas deficiencias son el resultado de múltiples causas sistémicas y organizacionales; sin embargo, las Instituciones Prestadoras de Salud tienen un margen de acción limitado para gestionarlas, centrado en la eficiencia de los recursos. Por consiguiente, su manifestación afecta la condición clínica de pacientes clasificados Triage II, que requieren una atención no mayor a 30 minutos posterior a su ingreso, lo cual podría generar impactos indeseados en la salud de los mismos. Por tanto, se pretende demostrar que una de las causas más importantes de insatisfacción de los pacientes son las deficiencias en la oportunidad en la atención en estos servicios.The personal commitment of health professionals, as an important but little explored factor to improve the opportunity in the health care in the Emergency Medical Services, can produce deficiencies in the quality of the attention, this problem can generate in turn dissatisfaction in the patients and their families. These deficiencies are the result of multiple systemic and organizational causes; however, Healthcare Institutions have limited scope for managing them, focusing on resource efficiency. Consequently, its manifestation affects the clinical condition of patients classified as Triage II, requiring attention no more than 30 minutes after their entry, which could generate undesirable impacts on their health. Therefore, it is intended to demonstrate that one of the most important causes of patient dissatisfaction are the deficiencies in the timing of care in these services

Sustainable Cooking Based on a 3 kW Air-Forced Multifuel Gasification Stove Using Alternative Fuels Obtained from Agricultural Wastes

[EN] In this research work, a 3 kW stove based on biomass gasification, together with a fuel obtained from agriculture wastes as an alternative to the commonly used charcoal, have been developed looking for sustainable cooking in poor communities. Alternative fuel (BSW) are briquettes obtained by carbonization and densification of agricultural solid wastes. Two laboratory methods, water boil test (WBT) and controlled kitchen test (CCT) were used to analyze the performance of this approach by comparing the proposed improved stove (ICS-G) with the traditional one (TCS), when using both types of fuels: charcoal and BSW. Results indicate that consumption of charcoal decreases by 61% using the improved ICS-G stove instead of the traditional TCS. Similar fuel savings are obtained when using BSW fuels. BSW fuel allows for a carbon monoxide (CO) emission reduction of 41% and 67%, and fine particles (PM) in a 84% and 93%, during the high and low power phases of the tests, respectively. Use of BSW fuel and ICS-G stove instead of the TCS stove with charcoal, provides a cooking time reduction of 18%, savings of $353.5 per year per family in the purchase of fuel, and an emission reduction of 3.2 t CO2/year.family.This research received no external funding. P.B.M. was funded by the Generalitat Valenciana under the grant ACIF/2018/106.Hurtado-Perez, E.; Mulumba Ilunga, O.; Alfonso-Solar, D.; Moros Gómez, MC.; Bastida-Molina, P. (2020). Sustainable Cooking Based on a 3 kW Air-Forced Multifuel Gasification Stove Using Alternative Fuels Obtained from Agricultural Wastes. Sustainability. 12(18):1-15. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12187723S1151218Bhutto, A. W., Bazmi, A. A., Karim, S., Abro, R., Mazari, S. A., & Nizamuddin, S. (2019). Promoting sustainability of use of biomass as energy resource: Pakistan’s perspective. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26(29), 29606-29619. doi:10.1007/s11356-019-06179-7Maes, W. H., & Verbist, B. (2012). Increasing the sustainability of household cooking in developing countries: Policy implications. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 16(6), 4204-4221. doi:10.1016/j.rser.2012.03.031Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z., Zhou, Y., & Dong, R. (2018). The Influences of Various Testing Conditions on the Evaluation of Household Biomass Pellet Fuel Combustion. Energies, 11(5), 1131. doi:10.3390/en11051131Mwampamba, T. H., Ghilardi, A., Sander, K., & Chaix, K. J. (2013). Dispelling common misconceptions to improve attitudes and policy outlook on charcoal in developing countries. Energy for Sustainable Development, 17(2), 75-85. doi:10.1016/j.esd.2013.01.001Jones, D., Ryan, C. M., & Fisher, J. (2016). Charcoal as a diversification strategy: The flexible role of charcoal production in the livelihoods of smallholders in central Mozambique. Energy for Sustainable Development, 32, 14-21. doi:10.1016/j.esd.2016.02.009Chiteculo, V., Lojka, B., Surový, P., Verner, V., Panagiotidis, D., & Woitsch, J. (2018). Value Chain of Charcoal Production and Implications for Forest Degradation: Case Study of Bié Province, Angola. Environments, 5(11), 113. doi:10.3390/environments5110113Lynch, M. (2002). Reducing Environmental Damage Caused by the Collection of Cooking Fuel by Refugees. Refuge: Canada’s Journal on Refugees, 18-27. doi:10.25071/1920-7336.21280Barbieri, J., Parigi, F., Riva, F., & Colombo, E. (2018). Laboratory Testing of the Innovative Low-Cost Mewar Angithi Insert for Improving Energy Efficiency of Cooking Tasks on Three-Stone Fires in Critical Contexts. Energies, 11(12), 3463. doi:10.3390/en11123463Ramanathan, V., & Carmichael, G. (2008). Global and regional climate changes due to black carbon. Nature Geoscience, 1(4), 221-227. doi:10.1038/ngeo156Ndindeng, S. A., Wopereis, M., Sanyang, S., & Futakuchi, K. (2019). Evaluation of fan-assisted rice husk fuelled gasifier cookstoves for application in sub-Sahara Africa. Renewable Energy, 139, 924-935. doi:10.1016/j.renene.2019.02.132Jagger, P., & Das, I. (2018). Implementation and scale-up of a biomass pellet and improved cookstove enterprise in Rwanda. Energy for Sustainable Development, 46, 32-41. doi:10.1016/j.esd.2018.06.005Gitau, J. K., Sundberg, C., Mendum, R., Mutune, J., & Njenga, M. (2019). Use of Biochar-Producing Gasifier Cookstove Improves Energy Use Efficiency and Indoor Air Quality in Rural Households. Energies, 12(22), 4285. doi:10.3390/en12224285Kirch, T., Medwell, P. R., Birzer, C. H., & van Eyk, P. J. (2020). Feedstock Dependence of Emissions from a Reverse-Downdraft Gasifier Cookstove. Energy for Sustainable Development, 56, 42-50. doi:10.1016/j.esd.2020.02.008Dresen, E., DeVries, B., Herold, M., Verchot, L., & Müller, R. (2014). Fuelwood Savings and Carbon Emission Reductions by the Use of Improved Cooking Stoves in an Afromontane Forest, Ethiopia. Land, 3(3), 1137-1157. doi:10.3390/land3031137Barbieri, J., Riva, F., & Colombo, E. (2017). Cooking in refugee camps and informal settlements: A review of available technologies and impacts on the socio-economic and environmental perspective. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, 22, 194-207. doi:10.1016/j.seta.2017.02.007Tucho, G., & Nonhebel, S. (2015). Bio-Wastes as an Alternative Household Cooking Energy Source in Ethiopia. Energies, 8(9), 9565-9583. doi:10.3390/en8099565Smith, K. R., Uma, R., Kishore, V. V. N., Zhang, J., Joshi, V., & Khalil, M. A. K. (2000). Greenhouse Implications of Household Stoves: An Analysis for India. Annual Review of Energy and the Environment, 25(1), 741-763. doi:10.1146/annurev.energy.25.1.741Bhojvaid, V., Jeuland, M., Kar, A., Lewis, J., Pattanayak, S., Ramanathan, N., … Rehman, I. (2014). How do People in Rural India Perceive Improved Stoves and Clean Fuel? Evidence from Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 11(2), 1341-1358. doi:10.3390/ijerph110201341Loo, J., Hyseni, L., Ouda, R., Koske, S., Nyagol, R., Sadumah, I., … Stanistreet, D. (2016). User Perspectives of Characteristics of Improved Cookstoves from a Field Evaluation in Western Kenya. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 13(2), 167. doi:10.3390/ijerph13020167Perspective Monde 2020https://perspective.usherbrooke.ca/bilan/servlet/BMTendanceStatPays?codeTheme=5&codeStat=RS.NUT.PROD.PP.MT&codePays=COD&optionsPeriodes=Aucune&codeTheme2=5&codeStat2=RSA.FAO.RicePaddy&codePays2=COD&optionsDetPeriodes=avecNomP&langue=frStrategie Nationale De Developpement De La Riziculture (SNDR)https://riceforafrica.net/images/pdf/NRDS_drc_fr-min.pdfPanwar, N. L., & Rathore, N. S. (2008). Design and performance evaluation of a 5kW producer gas stove. Biomass and Bioenergy, 32(12), 1349-1352. doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2008.04.007Panwar, N. L., Kurchania, A. K., & Rathore, N. S. (2009). Mitigation of greenhouse gases by adoption of improved biomass cookstoves. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 14(6), 569-578. doi:10.1007/s11027-009-9184-7Normas UNE-AENOR (Spain)https://www.aenor.com/normas-y-libros/buscador-de-normas?k=(i:7516040)Hurtado Pérez, E. J., Mulumba Ilunga, O., Moros Gómez, M. C., & Vargas Salgado, C. (2017). Analyse des impacts économico-environnementaux du changement d’usage d’un foyer de cuisson traditionnel par un foyer de cuisson amélioré optimisé à charbon de bois dans les ménages de la ville de Kinshasa. Déchets, sciences et techniques, (N°75). doi:10.4267/dechets-sciences-techniques.3714Siva Kumar, S., Pitchandi, K., & Natarajan, E. (2008). Modeling and Simulation of Down Draft Wood Gasifier. Journal of Applied Sciences, 8(2), 271-279. doi:10.3923/jas.2008.271.279Ojolo, S. J., Abolarin, S. M., & Adegbenro, O. (2012). Development of a Laboratory Scale Updraft Gasifier. International Journal of Manufacturing Systems, 2(2), 21-42. doi:10.3923/ijmsaj.2012.21.42Panwar, N. L. (2009). Design and performance evaluation of energy efficient biomass gasifier based cookstove on multi fuels. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 14(7), 627-633. doi:10.1007/s11027-009-9187-4Jetter, J. J., & Kariher, P. (2009). Solid-fuel household cook stoves: Characterization of performance and emissions. Biomass and Bioenergy, 33(2), 294-305. doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2008.05.014Berrueta, V. M., Edwards, R. D., & Masera, O. R. (2008). Energy performance of wood-burning cookstoves in Michoacan, Mexico. Renewable Energy, 33(5), 859-870. doi:10.1016/j.renene.2007.04.016Smith, K. R., Dutta, K., Chengappa, C., Gusain, P. P. S., Berrueta, O. M. and V., Edwards, R., … Shields, K. N. (2007). Monitoring and evaluation of improved biomass cookstove programs for indoor air quality and stove performance: conclusions from the Household Energy and Health Project. Energy for Sustainable Development, 11(2), 5-18. doi:10.1016/s0973-0826(08)60396-8Bailis, R., Berrueta, V., Chengappa, C., Dutta, K., Edwards, R., Masera, O., … Smith, K. R. (2007). Performance testing for monitoring improved biomass stove interventions: experiences of the Household Energy and Health Project. Energy for Sustainable Development, 11(2), 57-70. doi:10.1016/s0973-0826(08)60400-7MacCarty, N., Ogle, D., Still, D., Bond, T., & Roden, C. (2008). A laboratory comparison of the global warming impact of five major types of biomass cooking stoves. Energy for Sustainable Development, 12(2), 56-65. doi:10.1016/s0973-0826(08)60429-9Lombardi, F., Riva, F., Bonamini, G., Barbieri, J., & Colombo, E. (2017). Laboratory protocols for testing of Improved Cooking Stoves (ICSs): A review of state-of-the-art and further developments. Biomass and Bioenergy, 98, 321-335. doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2017.02.005Lombardi, F., Riva, F., & Colombo, E. (2018). Dealing with small sets of laboratory test replicates for Improved Cooking Stoves (ICSs): Insights for a robust statistical analysis of results. Biomass and Bioenergy, 115, 27-34. doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2018.04.00

Epidemiologic Features and Control Measures during Monkeypox Outbreak, Spain, June 2022

During June 2022, Spain was one of the countries most affected worldwide by a multicountry monkeypox outbreak with chains of transmission without identified links to disease-endemic countries. We provide epidemiologic features of cases reported in Spain and the coordinated measures taken to respond to this outbreak.S

Safety and immunogenicity of the protein-based PHH-1V compared to BNT162b2 as a heterologous SARS-CoV-2 booster vaccine in adults vaccinated against COVID-19 : a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, non-inferiority phase IIb trial

A SARS-CoV-2 protein-based heterodimer vaccine, PHH-1V, has been shown to be safe and well-tolerated in healthy young adults in a first-in-human, Phase I/IIa study dose-escalation trial. Here, we report the interim results of the Phase IIb HH-2, where the immunogenicity and safety of a heterologous booster with PHH-1V is assessed versus a homologous booster with BNT162b2 at 14, 28 and 98 days after vaccine administration. The HH-2 study is an ongoing multicentre, randomised, active-controlled, double-blind, non-inferiority Phase IIb trial, where participants 18 years or older who had received two doses of BNT162b2 were randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to receive a booster dose of vaccine-either heterologous (PHH-1V group) or homologous (BNT162b2 group)-in 10 centres in Spain. Eligible subjects were allocated to treatment stratified by age group (18-64 versus ≥65 years) with approximately 10% of the sample enrolled in the older age group. The primary endpoints were humoral immunogenicity measured by changes in levels of neutralizing antibodies (PBNA) against the ancestral Wuhan-Hu-1 strain after the PHH-1V or the BNT162b2 boost, and the safety and tolerability of PHH-1V as a boost. The secondary endpoints were to compare changes in levels of neutralizing antibodies against different variants of SARS-CoV-2 and the T-cell responses towards the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein peptides. The exploratory endpoint was to assess the number of subjects with SARS-CoV-2 infections ≥14 days after PHH-1V booster. This study is ongoing and is registered with , . From 15 November 2021, 782 adults were randomly assigned to PHH-1V (n = 522) or BNT162b2 (n = 260) boost vaccine groups. The geometric mean titre (GMT) ratio of neutralizing antibodies on days 14, 28 and 98, shown as BNT162b2 active control versus PHH-1V, was, respectively, 1.68 (p < 0.0001), 1.31 (p = 0.0007) and 0.86 (p = 0.40) for the ancestral Wuhan-Hu-1 strain; 0.62 (p < 0.0001), 0.65 (p < 0.0001) and 0.56 (p = 0.003) for the Beta variant; 1.01 (p = 0.92), 0.88 (p = 0.11) and 0.52 (p = 0.0003) for the Delta variant; and 0.59 (p ≤ 0.0001), 0.66 (p < 0.0001) and 0.57 (p = 0.0028) for the Omicron BA.1 variant. Additionally, PHH-1V as a booster dose induced a significant increase of CD4 + and CD8 + T-cells expressing IFN-γ on day 14. There were 458 participants who experienced at least one adverse event (89.3%) in the PHH-1V and 238 (94.4%) in the BNT162b2 group. The most frequent adverse events were injection site pain (79.7% and 89.3%), fatigue (27.5% and 42.1%) and headache (31.2 and 40.1%) for the PHH-1V and the BNT162b2 groups, respectively. A total of 52 COVID-19 cases occurred from day 14 post-vaccination (10.14%) for the PHH-1V group and 30 (11.90%) for the BNT162b2 group (p = 0.45), and none of the subjects developed severe COVID-19. Our interim results from the Phase IIb HH-2 trial show that PHH-1V as a heterologous booster vaccine, when compared to BNT162b2, although it does not reach a non-inferior neutralizing antibody response against the Wuhan-Hu-1 strain at days 14 and 28 after vaccination, it does so at day 98. PHH-1V as a heterologous booster elicits a superior neutralizing antibody response against the previous circulating Beta and the currently circulating Omicron BA.1 SARS-CoV-2 variants in all time points assessed, and for the Delta variant on day 98 as well. Moreover, the PHH-1V boost also induces a strong and balanced T-cell response. Concerning the safety profile, subjects in the PHH-1V group report significantly fewer adverse events than those in the BNT162b2 group, most of mild intensity, and both vaccine groups present comparable COVID-19 breakthrough cases, none of them severe. HIPRA SCIENTIFIC, S.L.U

COVID-19 outbreaks in a transmission control scenario: challenges posed by social and leisure activities, and for workers in vulnerable conditions, Spain, early summer 2020

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 community-wide transmission declined in Spain by early May 2020, being replaced by outbreaks and sporadic cases. From mid-June to 2 August, excluding single household outbreaks, 673 outbreaks were notified nationally, 551 active (>6,200 cases) at the time. More than half of these outbreaks and cases coincided with: (i) social (family/friends’ gatherings or leisure venues) and (ii) occupational (mainly involving workers in vulnerable conditions) settings. Control measures were accordingly applied

La era de la transformación digital de las organizaciones y su impacto en la competitividad

En un esfuerzo desarrollado por distintos autores y grupos de investigación para explorar diversos aspectos asociados al nuevo contexto que plantean la era digital, el termino cuarta revolución industrial o revolución 4.0 ha empezado a ser utilizado con frecuencia para denominar un proceso que tal como menciona Klaus Schwab (2016) se diferencia de la tercera revolución industrial o revolución digital iniciada en los años 80 del siglo XX, por tres elementos: velocidad (crecimiento exponencial), amplitud y profundidad (no solo está cambiando el qué y el cómo, sino también el quiénes) y el impacto en los sistemas (transformación en los sistemas productivos, sociales, empresariales). Para la academia es un reto comprender de manera acertada las transformaciones que se plantean en distintos escenarios como resultado del proceso en mención, con el objetivo de realizar aportes conceptuales, teóricos y prácticos útiles para los distintos actores interesados en identificar oportunidades y prever los desafíos de la revolución 4.0. Este libro recoge el resultado de dichas investigaciones. Debido a la riqueza y variedad en las temáticas, estos trabajos se pueden agrupar en cuatro grandes áreas: aportes académicos y al conocimiento; nuevas tecnologías; competitividad, y tendencias del mercadeo. (apartes del texto)Contiene: Capítulo 1. Gestión tecnológica: Fundamentos teóricos que facilitan su desarrollo y la medición en la empresa / Yiset Lorena Alvarado Peña, Melva Inés Gómez Caicedo -- Capítulo 2. Innovación, tecnológica robótica e inteligencia artificial marcan la educación y a los profesiones del futuro / Luz Eneida Moreno -- Capítulo 3. Brecha entre la industria y la academia / Iván Darío Ladino Vega, Jairo Ignacio Rodríguez Osorno, Walder de Jesús Casanova García -- Capítulo 4. Un chatbot como herramienta de apoyo al reclutamiento de personal en las empresas / Cecilia Ávila, Nicolas Vaca, Yeimy Roa -- Capítulo 5. Predicción de la satisfacción de los clientes de restaurantes mediante inteligencia artificial (IA) / Teresa Amanda Chávez de Menesses, María Andreína Moros Ochoa, Jenny-Paola Lis-Gutiérrez, Gilmer Yovanni Castro Nieto, Cristhian Salinas-Ortegón -- Capítulo 6. Determinantes de la competitividad en Colombia: ¿De las exportaciones tradicionales de commodities a bienes manufacturados? / Irma Liliana Vásquez Merchán -- Capítulo 7. Las redes sociales en la promoción de destinos de bienestar, una mirada al termalismo / Julia Rodas Quintero, Sandra Patricia Cote Daza, Jesús Alexis Barón Chivara -- Capítulo 8. Derechos de autor en el escenario de la revolución 4.0: ¿Cuánto saben los bogotanos? / Cristhian Salinas Ortegón, Jenny Paola Lis Gutiérrez, Mercedes Gaitán Angulo, Teresa Amanda Chávez de Menesses -- Capítulo 9. Sistema experto basado en reglas para la selección, evaluación y diagnóstico de iniciativas de innovación social (IS) / Jenny Cubillos Díaz, Anderson Quintero, Jenny Paola Lis Gutiérrez -- Capítulo 10. Identificación de los factores que inciden en las proyecciones financieras de las organizaciones floricultoras de Cundinamarca / Vladimir Camacho Cuineme -- Capítulo 11. Desempeño en servicios intensivos en conocimiento: un análisis de su comportamiento en países latinoamericanos / Diana Geraldine Jiménez García, Oscar Fernando Castellanos Domínguez.Fundación Universitaria Los Libertadore

Deficiencias en la oportunidad de la atención a pacientes en los servicios de urgencias

El compromiso personal de los profesionales de salud, como factor importante, aunque poco explorado para mejorar la oportunidad en la atención en salud en los Servicios Médicos de Urgencias, puede producir deficiencias en la calidad de la atención, generando a su vez insatisfacción en los pacientes y en sus familias. Estas deficiencias son el resultado de múltiples causas sistémicas y organizacionales; sin embargo, las Instituciones Prestadoras de Salud tienen un margen de acción limitado para gestionarlas, centrado en la eficiencia de los recursos. Por consiguiente, su manifestación afecta la condición clínica de pacientes clasificados Triage II, que requieren una atención no mayor a 30 minutos posterior a su ingreso, lo cual podría generar impactos indeseados en la salud de los mismos. Por tanto, se pretende demostrar que una de las causas más importantes de insatisfacción de los pacientes son las deficiencias en la oportunidad en la atención en estos servicios.The personal commitment of health professionals, as an important but little explored factor to improve the opportunity in the health care in the Emergency Medical Services, can produce deficiencies in the quality of the attention, this problem can generate in turn dissatisfaction in the patients and their families. These deficiencies are the result of multiple systemic and organizational causes; however, Healthcare Institutions have limited scope for managing them, focusing on resource efficiency. Consequently, its manifestation affects the clinical condition of patients classified as Triage II, requiring attention no more than 30 minutes after their entry, which could generate undesirable impacts on their health. Therefore, it is intended to demonstrate that one of the most important causes of patient dissatisfaction are the deficiencies in the timing of care in these services

Evaluación de la Calidad Ambiental, Grado de Optimismo y Asignación de Responsabilidad con Respecto al Estado del Ambiente en Latinoamérica

This study explores the assessments made by the inhabitants of eight Latin American countries regarding the current state of the environment, at a local, national and global scale, and how it is perceived looking ahead to the future. It also examines the assignment of responsibility in the future management of the environment. A total of 944 people took part in the study from the eight participating countries, men and women over the age of 18 with different levels of education. The study uses the Environmental Futures Scale to which two relevant items have been added to assess the environment in the region, as well as the Assignment of Environmental Responsibility Scale. The results show differences between the countries, although in general they are pessimistic regarding the current and future state of the environment at the local, national and global level, with the exception of Brazil. In general, and with the exception of Brazil, in the countries surveyed, people assign a high level of responsibility to external social agents at the different levels, increasing their judgement of external responsibility at the national and global levels of analysis. The implications of these findings for environmental policy and education in the countries of this region are also discussed

La habitabilidad del espacio público en las ciudades de América Latina

Este artículo presenta los resultados de un estudio descriptivo correlacional que investiga la evaluación personal de las condiciones que caracterizan la habitabilidad del espacio público en 11 ciudades de 7 países de Amé- rica Latina: México, Colombia, Venezuela, Perú, Brasil, Chile y Argentina. En la investigación participaron un total de 1823 personas de ambos sexos y diferentes grupos de edad, que evaluaron la importancia y la satisfacción de diferentes características y condiciones del espacio público a través de un cuestionario ad hoc de 48 reactivos. Un análisis de escalamiento multidimensional de distancias mínimas (ssa) y de coordenadas de ordenamiento parcial (posac) indican que las personas evalúan las condiciones exploradas con base en la función que le atribuyen al espacio público de la ciudad. A pesar de las diferencias importantes entre las ciudades, hay coincidencias en varias condiciones del espacio público que, aunque se consideran importantes, no son reportadas como satisfactorias. Aparte de la importancia del conocimiento de la habitabilidad del espacio público en Latinoamérica, los resultados se discuten a partir de las consecuencias para la calidad de vida urbana y para la formulación de la política pública en la planificación y la gestión urbanaThis article presents the results of a descriptive correlational study that researches the personal assessment of the conditions that characterize the habitability of public space in eleven cities of seven Latin American countries: Mexico, Colombia, Venezuela, Peru, Brazil, Chile and Argentina. The research involved a total of 1823 people of both sexes and various age groups who assessed the importance and satisfaction of different characteristics and conditions of public space through an ad hoc questionnaire of 48 items. A multidimensional scaling analysis of smallest space (ssa) and partial ordering scalogram (posac) indicate that people evaluate the conditions explored based on the function that they attribute to the city's public space. Despite the important differences among cities, there are coincidences on several characteristics of public space that, although considered important, are not reported as satisfactory. Aside the value of understanding the habitability of public space in Latin America, the results are discussed from the perspective of the implications for urban quality of life and for the formulation of public policy on urban planning and managemen

La habitabilidad del espacio público en las ciudades de América Latina

This article presents the results of a descriptive correlational study that researches the personal assessment of the conditions that characterize the habitability of public space in eleven cities of seven Latin American countries: Mexico, Colombia, Venezuela, Peru, Brazil, Chile and Argentina. The research involved a total of 1823 people of both sexes and various age groups who assessed the importance and satisfaction of different characteristics and conditions of public space through an ad hoc questionnaire of 48 items. A multidimensional scaling analysis of smallest space (SSA) and partial ordering scalogram (POSAC) indicate that people evaluate the conditions explored based on the function that they attribute to the city’s public space. Despite the important differences among cities, there are coincidences on several characteristics of public space that, although considered important, are not reported as satisfactory. Aside the value of understanding the habitability of public space in Latin America, the results are discussed from the perspective of the implications for urban quality of life and for the formulation of public policy on urban planning and management.Este artigo apresenta os resultados de um estudo descritivo de correlação que investiga a avaliação pessoal das condições que caracterizam à habitabilidade do espaço público em onze cidades de sete países da América Latina, o México, a Colômbia, a Venezuela, o Peru, o Brasil, o Chile e a Argentina. Na pesquisa participaram um total de 1823 pessoas de ambos os sexos e diferentes grupos de idade, que avaliaram a importância e a satisfação de diferentes características e condições do espaço público através de um questionário ad hoc de 48 reativos. Uma análise de escalamento multidimensional de distâncias mínimas (SSA) e de coordenadas de ordenamento parcial (POSAC) indicam que as pessoas avaliam as condições exploradas com base na função que lhe atribuem ao espaço público da cidade. A pesar das diferenças importantes entre as idades, há coincidências em várias condições do espaço público que, ainda que consideram importantes, não são reportadas como satisfatórias. Aparte da importância do conhecimento da habitabilidade do espaço público na Latino-América, os resultados se discutem a partir das consequências para a qualidade de vida urbana e para a formulação da política pública na planificação e gestão urbana.Este artículo presenta los resultados de un estudio descriptivo correlacional que investiga la evaluación personal de las condiciones que caracterizan la habitabilidad del espacio público en 11 ciudades de 7 países de América Latina: México, Colombia, Venezuela, Perú, Brasil, Chile y Argentina. En la investigación participaron un total de 1823 personas de ambos sexos y diferentes grupos de edad, que evaluaron la importancia y la satisfacción de diferentes características y condiciones del espacio público a través de un cuestionario ad hoc de 48 reactivos. Un análisis de escalamiento multidimensional de distancias mínimas (SSA) y de coordenadas de ordenamiento parcial (POSAC) indican que las personas evalúan las condiciones exploradas con base en la función que le atribuyen al espacio público de la ciudad. A pesar de las diferencias importantes entre las ciudades, hay coincidencias en varias condiciones del espacio público que, aunque se consideran importantes, no son reportadas como satisfactorias. Aparte de la importancia del conocimiento de la habitabilidad del espacio público en Latinoamérica, los resultados se discuten a partir de las consecuencias para la calidad de vida urbana y para la formulación de la política pública en la planificación y la gestión urbana