Modelo estadístico predictivo para el padecimiento de pie diabético en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo II

Fundamento: La necesidad de prever y estudiar el padecimiento de pie diabético es una cuestión primordial y representa un gran reto médico, disminuir el padecimiento de pie diabético puede traducirse en resultados positivos para mejorar la calidad de vida de estos pacientes, además de la incidencia en el aspecto socioeconómico, debido a la alta prevalencia de la diabetes en la población laboralmente activa.Objetivo: diseñar un modelo estadístico predictivo para el padecimiento de pie diabético en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo II.Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, con pacientes atendidos en la Clínica del Diabético de Cienfuegos, en el período 2010-2013. Como varibles, se analizaron los factores de riesgo que influyeron de forma significativa en el padecimiento de pie diabético. Para la elaboración del modelo se emplearon técnicas multivariadas de regresión logística binaria y árboles de decisión con algoritmo de detector automático de interacciones mediante Chi-cuadrado.Resultados: se obtuvieron dos modelos que se comportaron de forma similar a partir de los criterios de comparación considerados con este propósito: porcentaje de clasificación correcta, sensibilidad y especificidad. Se estableció la validación a través de la curva característica de funcionamiento del receptor. El modelo con algoritmo de detector automático de interacciones mediante Chi-cuadrado fue el de mejores resultados predictivos.Conclusión: el uso de los árboles de decisión a través del algoritmo de detector automático de interacciones mediante Chi-cuadrado, garantiza una capacidad predictiva adecuada, factible para ser aplicada en la Clínica del Diabético del municipio de Cienfuegos, provincia Cienfuegos.</p

Interdisciplinarity: a Current Need to Improve the Teaching-Learning Process

The establishment of interdisciplinary relationships is a present imperative derived from scientific development. Education cannot ignore this development, on the contrary, should integrate it into the teaching process. Educational institutions should promote increased methodological activities, curriculum designs and educational actions using this approach in order to train students in correspondence with the time they live in, which will result in better preparation of professionals. This paper aims to update scholars about the possibilities offered by interdisciplinarity to improve the teaching-learning process. The theoretical and methodological premises of interdisciplinarity are analyzed through a literature review. It also presents different experiences from the implementation of this approach, which have enabled ratifying the need for interdisciplinary relationships in the teaching-learning process, the difficulties encountered when designing a proposal using this approach, and the benefits of its application

Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 in Breeding Turkeys, Valparaiso, Chile

Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus was detected in breeding turkeys on 2 farms in Valparaiso, Chile. Infection was associated with measurable declines in egg production and shell quality. Although the source of infection is not yet known, the outbreak was controlled, and the virus was eliminated from the birds

una mirada desde las Ciencias de la Conducta

Este libro es el resultado de los trabajos presentados en el 1er Congreso Internacional "Convivencia y bienestar con sentido humanista para una cultura de paz"

La renovación de la palabra en el bicentenario de la Argentina : los colores de la mirada lingüística

El libro reúne trabajos en los que se exponen resultados de investigaciones presentadas por investigadores de Argentina, Chile, Brasil, España, Italia y Alemania en el XII Congreso de la Sociedad Argentina de Lingüística (SAL), Bicentenario: la renovación de la palabra, realizado en Mendoza, Argentina, entre el 6 y el 9 de abril de 2010. Las temáticas abordadas en los 167 capítulos muestran las grandes líneas de investigación que se desarrollan fundamentalmente en nuestro país, pero también en los otros países mencionados arriba, y señalan además las áreas que recién se inician, con poca tradición en nuestro país y que deberían fomentarse. Los trabajos aquí publicados se enmarcan dentro de las siguientes disciplinas y/o campos de investigación: Fonología, Sintaxis, Semántica y Pragmática, Lingüística Cognitiva, Análisis del Discurso, Psicolingüística, Adquisición de la Lengua, Sociolingüística y Dialectología, Didáctica de la lengua, Lingüística Aplicada, Lingüística Computacional, Historia de la Lengua y la Lingüística, Lenguas Aborígenes, Filosofía del Lenguaje, Lexicología y Terminología

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Didactic strategy to contribute to the development of communicative competence in Health Psychology students

Background: the cognitive, socio-cultural and communicative language teaching approach reveals the importance of syntactic speech closely related to semantic and pragmatic dimensions and aimed at understanding, analysis and construction of discourse. Objective: to design a didactic strategy that contributes to the development of communicative competence. Methods: pedagogic research on the teaching- learning process of Spanish grammar for first year students of Health Psychology in the University of Medical Sciences of Cienfuegos. The amount of knowledge students have on grammatical contents and functionality of the structures in the text and their perception and the one from former teachers on the importance of grammatical knowledge and the way it is addressed were determined. Methods used: analytic and synthetic; logical and historical; inductive and deductive; systemic, structural and modeling; as well as a desk study, surveys, diagnostic testing and consulting experts. Results: the methodologies for teaching grammar in previous educational levels do not enhance the development of communicative competence. Changes were made on the syllabus according to the cognitive, communicative and sociocultural approach and a teaching strategy successfully assessed by experts and involving the treatment of grammar from a communicative-functional perspective using this approach was proposed. Conclusions: a teaching strategy based on the cognitive, communicative and sociocultural approach for teaching Spanish grammar contributes to the development of communicative competence

Didactic strategy to contribute to the development of communicative competence in Health Psychology students

Background: the cognitive, socio-cultural and communicative language teaching approach reveals the importance of syntactic speech closely related to semantic and pragmatic dimensions and aimed at understanding, analysis and construction of discourse. Objective: to design a didactic strategy that contributes to the development of communicative competence. Methods: pedagogic research on the teaching- learning process of Spanish grammar for first year students of Health Psychology in the University of Medical Sciences of Cienfuegos. The amount of knowledge students have on grammatical contents and functionality of the structures in the text and their perception and the one from former teachers on the importance of grammatical knowledge and the way it is addressed were determined. Methods used: analytic and synthetic; logical and historical; inductive and deductive; systemic, structural and modeling; as well as a desk study, surveys, diagnostic testing and consulting experts. Results: the methodologies for teaching grammar in previous educational levels do not enhance the development of communicative competence. Changes were made on the syllabus according to the cognitive, communicative and sociocultural approach and a teaching strategy successfully assessed by experts and involving the treatment of grammar from a communicative-functional perspective using this approach was proposed. Conclusions: a teaching strategy based on the cognitive, communicative and sociocultural approach for teaching Spanish grammar contributes to the development of communicative competence

Situation that presents the spelling in Cuba and in other Spanish-speaking countries at the end of the first decade of XXI century.

The Spanish language is the social communication link from a large number of people distributed in different regions of the world and deserve protection and preservation. The correct spelling of the texts is a way to defend and preserve our language, because the written word is the one permanently fixed language. Speaking of the correct spelling of words we are talking about spelling, this item is diffucult today. The aim of this paper is to analyze how the situation presents spelling of Spanish-speaking countries in the late first decade of the twenty-first century, through a literature review to update readers and constitutes a starting point for further work. A literature search was conducted in different countries, among which are: Spain, Mexico, San Salvador, Nicaragua, Chile, Peru, Colombia, Argentina and Cuba, where it was observed that the spelling is deficient in all matters, covers all levels of education, even professionals, as well as widespread concern about their treatment