32 research outputs found

    La tribune peinte de l'Ă©glise Sainte-Eulalie de Millas: Ă©tude technique et conservation

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    La rĂ©alisation de la tribune de l'Ă©glise de Millas est bien documentĂ©e entre 1440 et 1442. Sa grande originalitĂ© rĂ©side dans la prĂ©sence de 52 tĂȘtes sculptĂ©es et polychromes et de 13 armoiries diffĂ©rentes rĂ©pĂ©tĂ©es Ă  132 reprises qui correspondent probablement aux personnes ayant participĂ© Ă  son financement. Elle est composĂ©e de 26 poutres, 104 corbeaux, 156 closoirs et 104 caissons sculptĂ©s. DiffĂ©rentes interventions par le passĂ© ont contribuĂ© Ă  endommager la structure, mais surtout la polychromie. Une intervention de restauration est nĂ©cessaire afin de reprendre les assemblages, consolider le bois, refixer la polychromie et Ă©liminer les restes de repeints

    Etude des hĂ©tĂ©rogĂ©nĂ©itĂ©s des champs mĂ©caniques dans un acier bainitique Ă  l’aide de la diffraction des neutrons

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    Nous avons dĂ©veloppĂ© une mĂ©thodologie qui associe dĂ©termination de texture cristallographique et mesures de dĂ©formations Ă©lastiques par diffraction de neutrons afin d’analyser les contraintes dans des familles de grains de mĂȘme orientation cristallographique au sein d’un matĂ©riau polycristallin. Nous prĂ©sentons ici son application sur un acier bainitique constitutif des cuves des centrales nuclĂ©aires. Cette mĂ©thode semble ĂȘtre trĂšs prometteuse pour tester et valider les modĂšles de comportement mĂ©canique

    The SuperCam Instrument Suite on the Mars 2020 Rover: Science Objectives and Mast-Unit Description

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    On the NASA 2020 rover mission to Jezero crater, the remote determination of the texture, mineralogy and chemistry of rocks is essential to quickly and thoroughly characterize an area and to optimize the selection of samples for return to Earth. As part of the Perseverance payload, SuperCam is a suite of five techniques that provide critical and complementary observations via Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS), Time-Resolved Raman and Luminescence (TRR/L), visible and near-infrared spectroscopy (VISIR), high-resolution color imaging (RMI), and acoustic recording (MIC). SuperCam operates at remote distances, primarily 2-7 m, while providing data at sub-mm to mm scales. We report on SuperCam's science objectives in the context of the Mars 2020 mission goals and ways the different techniques can address these questions. The instrument is made up of three separate subsystems: the Mast Unit is designed and built in France; the Body Unit is provided by the United States; the calibration target holder is contributed by Spain, and the targets themselves by the entire science team. This publication focuses on the design, development, and tests of the Mast Unit; companion papers describe the other units. The goal of this work is to provide an understanding of the technical choices made, the constraints that were imposed, and ultimately the validated performance of the flight model as it leaves Earth, and it will serve as the foundation for Mars operations and future processing of the data.In France was provided by the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Human resources were provided in part by the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) and universities. Funding was provided in the US by NASA's Mars Exploration Program. Some funding of data analyses at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) was provided by laboratory-directed research and development funds

    Sauvegarde et valorisation d’un patrimoine en dĂ©shĂ©rence

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    Le projet mĂ©diterranĂ©en sur les dĂ©cors de la semaine sainte est nĂ©, dans les PyrĂ©nĂ©es-Orientales, de la mise au jour d’élĂ©ments matĂ©riels : la re-dĂ©couverte de 4 grandes toiles du Monument d’Espira-de-Conflent, en 1993, suivie d’autres dĂ©cors peints, et d’objets liĂ©s Ă  la liturgie des Jeudi et Vendredi saints. En une dizaine d’annĂ©es ce sont une vingtaine de Monuments et de nombreux objets associĂ©s Ă  ces dĂ©cors qui ont Ă©tĂ© retrouvĂ©s dans prĂšs de 40 églises du dĂ©partement. Patrimoine abandonnĂ©..

    Introduction : un outil pour la recherche

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    L’objectif essentiel de la publication de ce corpus des Vierges Ă  l’Enfant mĂ©diĂ©vales des PyrĂ©nĂ©es-Orientales est de mettre Ă  disposition des historiens d’art, conservateurs, scientifiques, historiens, restaurateurs et anthropologues un outil de travail afin d’approfondir l’étude de ces Ɠuvres du point de vue stylistique, technique, historique et des pratiques dĂ©votionnelles. Tous les passionnĂ©s d’art et de culture y trouveront aussi un catalogue complet des Vierges romanes et gothiques du dĂ©..

    Vierges

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    Cet ouvrage rassemble les actes du Colloque transfrontalier et international « Vierges mĂ©diĂ©vales de Catalogue : mises en perspective » qui s’est dĂ©roulĂ© Ă  l’UniversitĂ© de Perpignan, les 1er et 2 dĂ©cembre 2011, en parallĂšle avec l’exposition des Vierges romanes et gothiques des PyrĂ©nĂ©es-Orientales proposĂ©e par le Centre de conservation et de restauration du Patrimoine. L’inventaire de ces Vierges, dirigĂ© par Jean-Bernard Mathon, est publiĂ© en deuxiĂšme partie. Comme l’indique son titre, ce colloque a eu comme objectif d’élargir les points de vue sur ces Vierges des PyrĂ©nĂ©es-Orientales, en les croisant avec d’autres apports, Ă  partir de comparaisons avec des Ɠuvres conservĂ©es tant en Espagne, qu’en Italie, qu’en Languedoc voisin, ou en Île de France et plus largement encore en Europe. Ces actes constituent donc un apport important Ă  la connaissance des Ɠuvres catalanes, en permettant d’en souligner la spĂ©cificitĂ© au sein d’un vaste corpus de Vierges Ă  l’Enfant sur lesquelles les publications d’ensemble en français sont rares ou dĂ©jĂ  anciennes. La seconde partie de ce volume prĂ©sente le rĂ©pertoire exhaustif et abondamment illustrĂ© des 150 Vierges Ă  l'Enfant mĂ©diĂ©vales des PyrĂ©nĂ©es-Orientales, Ă©tudiĂ©es du point de vue historique, technique, matĂ©riel et dĂ©votionnel. Ce corpus dĂ©partemental est le premier rĂ©alisĂ© en France ; il ouvre ainsi de nouveaux horizons Ă  la recherche

    Experimental study of the relation between the permeability of kaolinite and its deformation at micro and macro scale

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    We present an experimental study of relations between hydraulic properties of clayey rocks and their deformation at bulk and micro scale. The experimentation is based on triaxial deformation of kaolinitic core samples, on permeability measurements, and on several methods of analysis of the microstructure. To produce the samples, remoulded kaolinite material is consolidated by axial loading up to 20 MPa in an oedometric cell. Then, in a triaxial cell, an undrained stress path is applied in order to induce shearing damage in the sample. The permeability of the sample is measured by fluid flow across the sample. Before and after these hydro-mechanical tests, the evolution and the homogeneity of the pore space and moreover the texture of the material are analysed by X-ray tomography, environmental scanning electron microscopy and thermic neutron diffraction. Contrary to expectations, the permeability at the sample scale does not vary significantly, although quite large deformation is reached. The final deformation is heterogeneous, with well-developed shear bands. It appears that the development of compacting and dilating zones generates a heterogeneous permeability field, which results in a negligible variation of the bulk permeability at the sample scale

    Role of Zinc and Niobium in the Giant Piezoelectric Response of PbZn1/3Nb2/3O3

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    International audienceRelaxor ferroelectric perovskites are highly polarizable and can exhibit giant coupling between elastic strain and an applied electric field. Here, we report an in situ extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) study of a PbZn1/3Nb2/3O3 (PZN) single crystal as a function of the electric field. We show that the strong dipoles in the NbO6 octahedra bonds are aligned along the four directions close to the orientation of the electric field, while a small reversible polar shift occurs for Zn in the direction of the electric field, i.e., positive or negative. This reversible Zn-O polar shift is proposed to play an important role in both the "easy" switching of the ferroelectric polarization and the giant piezoelectric effect in PZN
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