8,295 research outputs found
Laser method for finding axis of rotation
Illumination of rotating surface with laser beam and examination of interference patterns resulting from diffused reflections determines position of axis and direction of motion. Interference patterns are viewed through a lens or recorded on film as circular streaking patterns
Measurement of temperature and density fluctuations in turbulence using an ultraviolet laser
Noninvasive measurement of density and temperature fluctuations in turbulent air flow was examined. The approach used fluorescence of oxygen molecules which are selectively excited by a tunable vacuum ultraviolet laser beam. The strength of the fluorescence signal and its dependence on laser wavelength vary with the density and temperature of the air in the laser beam. Because fluorescence can be detected at 90 degrees from the beam propagation direction, spatial resolution in three dimensions, rather than path-integrated measurements can be achieved. With spatial resolutions of the order of a millimeter and at supersonic air velocities it is necessary to perform each measurement in a time of the order of a microsecond; this is possible by by using laser pulses of ten nanosecond duration. In this method atmospheric O2 is excited by the emission of a tunable ArF excimer laser, and the fluorescence, which spans the 210 to 420 range, is detected by an ultraviolet phototube
Study of vibration measurement by laser methods
Laser techniques for detecting and measuring vibrations of spacecraft model on shake tabl
Multiplicative Lidskii's inequalities and optimal perturbations of frames
In this paper we study two design problems in frame theory: on the one hand,
given a fixed finite frame \cF for \hil\cong\C^d we compute those dual
frames \cG of \cF that are optimal perturbations of the canonical dual
frame for \cF under certain restrictions on the norms of the elements of
\cG. On the other hand, for a fixed finite frame \cF=\{f_j\}_{j\in\In} for
\hil we compute those invertible operators such that is a
perturbation of the identity and such that the frame V\cdot
\cF=\{V\,f_j\}_{j\in\In} - which is equivalent to \cF - is optimal among
such perturbations of \cF. In both cases, optimality is measured with respect
to submajorization of the eigenvalues of the frame operators. Hence, our
optimal designs are minimizers of a family of convex potentials that include
the frame potential and the mean squared error. The key tool for these results
is a multiplicative analogue of Lidskii's inequality in terms of
log-majorization and a characterization of the case of equality.Comment: 22 page
Optimal dual frames and frame completions for majorization
In this paper we consider two problems in frame theory. On the one hand,
given a set of vectors we describe the spectral and geometrical
structure of optimal completions of by a finite family of vectors
with prescribed norms, where optimality is measured with respect to
majorization. In particular, these optimal completions are the minimizers of a
family of convex functionals that include the mean square error and the
Bendetto-Fickus' frame potential. On the other hand, given a fixed frame
we describe explicitly the spectral and geometrical structure of
optimal frames that are in duality with and such that
the Frobenius norms of their analysis operators is bounded from below by a
fixed constant. In this case, optimality is measured with respect to
submajorization of the frames operators. Our approach relies on the description
of the spectral and geometrical structure of matrices that minimize
submajorization on sets that are naturally associated with the problems above.Comment: 29 pages, with modifications related with the exposition of the
materia
The first experimental flight package of an advanced telemetry system with adaptive capability Technical summary report, 1 Jul. 1963 - 15 Feb. 1965
Mechanical design, and environmental and functional testing of advanced telemetry system flight package with adaptive capabilit
The Physical Properties of the Red Supergiant WOH G64: The Largest Star Known?
WOH G64 is an unusual red supergiant (RSG) in the Large Magellanic Cloud
(LMC), with a number of properties that set it apart from the rest of the LMC
RSG population, including a thick circumstellar dust torus, an unusually late
spectral type, maser activity, and nebular emission lines. Its reported
physical properties are also extreme, including the largest radius for any star
known and an effective temperature that is much cooler than other RSGs in the
LMC, both of which are at variance with stellar evolutionary theory. We fit
moderate-resolution optical spectrophotometry of WOH G64 with the MARCS stellar
atmosphere models, determining an effective temperature of 3400 +/- 25 K. We
obtain a similar result from the star's broadband V - K colors. With this
effective temperature, and taking into account the flux contribution from the
aysmmetric circumstellar dust envelope, we calculate log(L/L_sun) = 5.45 +/-
0.05 for WOH G64, quite similar to the luminosity reported by Ohnaka and
collaborators based on their radiative transfer modeling of the star's dust
torus. We determine a radius of R/R_sun = 1540, bringing the size of WOH G64
and its position on the H-R diagram into agreement with the largest known
Galactic RSGs, although it is still extreme for the LMC. In addition, we use
the Ca II triplet absorption feature to determine a radial velocity of 294 +/-
2 km/s for the star; this is the same radial velocity as the rotating gas in
the LMC's disk, which confirms its membership in the LMC and precludes it from
being an unusual Galactic halo giant. Finally, we describe the star's unusual
nebula emission spectrum; the gas is nitrogen-rich and shock-heated, and
displays a radial velocity that is significantly more positive than the star
itself by 50 km/s.Comment: 25 pages, 5 figures; accepted for publication in The Astronomical
Journa
Digital receiver study and implementation
Computer software was developed which makes it possible to use any general purpose computer with A/D conversion capability as a PSK receiver for low data rate telemetry processing. Carrier tracking, bit synchronization, and matched filter detection are all performed digitally. To aid in the implementation of optimum computer processors, a study of general digital processing techniques was performed which emphasized various techniques for digitizing general analog systems. In particular, the phase-locked loop was extensively analyzed as a typical non-linear communication element. Bayesian estimation techniques for PSK demodulation were studied. A hardware implementation of the digital Costas loop was developed
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