Estudios de resistencia a la compresión en bloques de suelo-cemento

RESUMEN:Se describe un trabajo de investigación y transferencia, realizado en El Puestito (Burruyacu, Tucumán), cuyo objetivo principal es determinar la dosificación más adecuada para fabricar bloques de suelo-cemento que se utilizaran para la construcción de un prototipo de vivienda que responde a las características socio-culturales de los habitantes del lugar. Con dos muestras de suelo, se fabricaron probetas, haciendo dosificaciones con la mezcla de las dos muestras a la vez y con cada una por separado. Teniendo en cuenta lo indicado en Norma IRAM 1546, a los 28 días fueron sometidas a la compresión hasta la primera fisura, incrementando la misma hasta la rotura. Los resultados muestran que a medida que aumenta la presión de fabricación, aumenta la resistencia a la compresión y por otro lado, las dosificaciones en las cuales se aumenta la relación entre la cantidad de suelo 1 con respecto a la de suelo 2, producen un aumento de la resistencia a la rotura.We describe a research project and transfer, put in practice in El Puestito (Burruyacu, Tucumán), which main objective is to determine the proper dosage to produce soil-cement blocks that will be used for the construction of a housing prototype which meets to the socio-cultural characteristics of the local people. With two soil samples, specimens were made, with dosages of the mixture from both samples at a time and of each one of them separately. As indicated in IRAM 1546, after 28 days, they were subjected to compression until the first crack, increasing it to fracture point. The results show that with increasing pressure of manufacture, resistance to compression also increases and, on the other hand, dosages in which the amount of soil 1 vs. the amount of soil 2- ratio increases, end up producing an increased resistance to breakage.Fil: Mas, Jorge Marcelo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Investigación en Luz, Ambiente y Visión. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Tecnología. Instituto de Investigación en Luz, Ambiente y Visión; ArgentinaFil: Kirschbaum, Carlos Federico. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Investigación en Luz, Ambiente y Visión. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Tecnología. Instituto de Investigación en Luz, Ambiente y Visión; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Tecnología. Departamento de Luminotecnia, Luz y Visión; Argentin

Progress report for SRDCP on the Atlantic-wide study on the age and growth of shortfin mako shark

The ICCAT Shark Research and Data Collection Program (SRDCP) aims to develop and coordinate science and science-related activities needed to support provision of sound scientific advice for the conservation and management of pelagic sharks in the Atlantic. This Program was developed in 2013-2014 by the Sharks Species Group, and framed within the 2015-2020 SCRS Strategic Plan. Within this Program, a specific study on the age and growth of shortfin mako in the Atlantic was developed, with the purpose of contributing to the 2017 ICCAT SMA stock assessment. In the paper, we provide an update of the project, including preliminary growth models for the North Atlantic Ocean.Project "LL-Sharks: Mitigação das capturas de tubarões na pescaria de palangre de superfície (Ref: 31-03-05-FEP-44, funded by PROMAR)", Project "MAKO-WIDE - "A wide scale inter-hemispheric and inter-disciplinary study aiming the conservation of the shortfin mako shark in the Atlantic Ocean (Ref: FAPESP/19740/2014)", funded by FCT (Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology) and FAPESP (São Paulo Research Foundation, Brazil), and Project SAFEWATERS SC7 (The provision of advice on the conservation of pelagic sharks associated to fishing activity under EU Sustainable Fisheries Partnership Agreements in the Atlantic Ocean) under the Framework Contract MARE/2012/21, funded by the European Commission. Additional satellite tags were acquired by NOAA in US-Uruguay and US-Portugal-Uruguay collaboration initiatives. Rui Coelho is supported by an Investigador-FCT contract from the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) supported by the EU European Social Fund and the Programa Operacional Potencial Humano (Ref: IF/00253/2014). Catarina C. Santos is supported by an FCT Doctoral grant (Ref: SFRH/BD/139187/2018).info:eu-repo/semantics/draf

Cambios estructurales de la citricultura en las comarcas de la Ribera Alta y la Ribera Baja

[ES] Este Trabajo Final de Grado consistirá en analizar los cambios estructurales que se han producido en la citricultura de las zonas de la Ribera Alta y la Ribera Baja de la Comunidad Valenciana en las dos últimas décadas. Con la realización de este trabajo se pretenden discutir los factores que han afectado al proceso del ajuste estructural, y la situación actual de determinados aspectos estructurales de las explotaciones como son la organización del trabajo (incluyendo la externalización de algunas tareas), la cantidad de trabajo total y el tipo de innovaciones tecnológicas que se están introduciendo (incluyendo variedades empleadas y maquinaria). Para la realización de este trabajo nos basaremos en los datos secundarios recopilados por el Instituto Nacional de Estadística, complementados por información primaria por medio de entrevistas en profundidad realizadas a agricultores de las zonas de estudio. El trabajo puede resultar de utilidad para las Administración Agraria de ámbito regional, dado que proporciona información relevante para abordar unas políticas públicas de estructuras agrarias acordes con las necesidades reales de la citricultura de esta zona.[EN] This work aims to analyze the structural changes that have taken place in the citrus growing areas of the Ribera Alta and Ribera Baja of Valencia over the last two decades. With the completion of this work we will discuss some factors that have driven the structural change and also the current situation of some structural aspects of the agricultural holdings, such as farm labour organization (including the outsourcing some operations), the amount of labour used and the type of technological innovations – including new varieties and mechanization. To carry out this work we will rely on secondary data collected by the National Statistics Institute, complemented by primary data obtained by in-depth interviews with farmers in the study areas. This study may be useful to the regional agricultural administration, since it provides relevant information to design public policies of agricultural structure in line with the real needs of the citrus industry in this area.Carbo Mas, F. (2017). Cambios estructurales de la citricultura en las comarcas de la Ribera Alta y la Ribera Baja. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/85650.TFG

Post-release mortality of shortfin mako in the Atlantic using satellite telemetry: preliminary results

This paper provides an update of the study on post-release mortality of the shortfin mako, Isurus oxyrinchus developed within the ICCAT Shark Research and Data Collection Program (SRDCP). Up to date, 34 tags (14 sPATs and 20 miniPATs) have been deployed by observers on Brazilian, Portuguese, Uruguayan, and US vessels in the temperate NE and NW, Equatorial and SW Atlantic. Data from 28 out of 34 tagged specimens could be used to obtain preliminary information regarding post-release mortality, resulting in a total of 7 mortality and 21 survival events.This study was carried out as part of a cooperative work conducted by the ICCAT Shark species group integrated in the ICCAT Shark Research and Data Collection Program (SRDCP). The authors are grateful to all fishery observers and longline skippers from the Nations involved in this study. Tags from additional sources have been contributed and deployed with several national Projects, specifically: Project "LL-Sharks: Mitigação das capturas de tubarões na pescaria de palangre de superfície (Ref: 31-03-05-FEP-44, funded by PROMAR)", Project "MAKO-WIDE - "A wide scale inter-hemispheric and inter-disciplinary study aiming the conservation of the shortfin mako shark in the Atlantic Ocean (Ref: FAPESP/19740/2014)", funded by FCT (Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology) and FAPESP (São Paulo Research Foundation, Brazil), and Project SAFEWATERS SC7 (The provision of advice on the conservation of pelagic sharks associated to fishing activity under EU Sustainable Fisheries Partnership Agreements in the Atlantic Ocean) under the Framework Contract MARE/2012/21, funded by the European Commission. Additional satellite tags were acquired by NOAA in US-Uruguay and US-Portugal-Uruguay collaboration initiatives. Rui Coelho is supported by an Investigador-FCT contract from the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) supported by the EU European Social Fund and the Programa Operacional Potencial Humano (Ref: IF/00253/2014).info:eu-repo/semantics/draf

Dual labor markets in Spain: a firm-side perspective

Usando microdatos contables, en este trabajo documentamos el uso de los contratos temporales e indefinidos por las empresas españolas entre 2004 y 2019. Mostramos que el uso de contratos temporales es muy heterogéneo entre distintas empresas y que la distribución de la tasa de temporalidad está muy sesgada hacia la derecha: la ratio de temporalidad mediana es de tan solo el 3 %, mientras que la tasa media es del 18 %. Parte de esta variación está asociada con el sector y la región en los que opera la empresa, así como con el ciclo macroeconómico. Sin embargo, aproximadamente el 80 % de la variación viene explicada por diferencias entre empresas pertenecientes al mismo sector, la misma región y el mismo punto del ciclo. Individualmente, incluso tras controlar por el sector y la región, observamos que las empresas más grandes y las más jóvenes son las que hacen un mayor uso de los contratos temporales.Using comprehensive balance-sheet data for Spain, we document the use of fixed-term and open-ended contracts by firms over the period 2004-2019. We show that the use of temporary contracts is very heterogeneous across firms, with the distribution of the temporary share being severely right-skewed: the median share of temporary employment is only 3%, while the average is 18%. Part of this variation is related to the sector and region where firms operate as well as to the macroeconomic cycle. However, around 80% of the variation reflects differences across firms operating in the same industry, in the same location and at the same point of the business cycle. At the individual level, even after controlling for sector and region, we observe that larger and younger firms make more extensive use of temporary contracts

Age and growth of shortfin mako in the South Atlantic

The shortfin mako, Isurus oxyrinchus (Lamnidae), is regularly caught as by-catch in pelagic longline fisheries and is among the most vulnerable sharks to this fishery. The age and growth of I. oxyrinchus was studied along a wide South Atlantic region. Data from 332 specimens ranging in size from 90 to 330 cm fork length (FL) for females and 81 to 250 cm FL for males were analysed. Growth models were fitted using the von Bertalanffy growth equation re-parameterised to calculate L0, instead of t0, and a modification of this equation using the known size at birth. The von Bertalanffy growth equation with fixed L0 (size at birth = 63 cm FL) with resulting growth parameters of Linf = 218.5 cm FL, k = 0.170 year-1 for males and Linf = 263.1 cm FL, k = 0.112 year-1 for females, seemed to underestimate maximum length for this species, while overestimating k. Given the poorly estimated parameters we cannot, to this point, recommend the use of the South Atlantic growth curves.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Viviendas en un área rural de Tucumán: análisis y propuesta

Se describe un estudio sobre las características que debería cumplir una vivienda para adecuarse a los modos de vida de habitantes rurales dispersos de bajos recursos de un área de la Provincia de Tucumán, Argentina, teniendo en cuenta sus costumbres, los equipamientos y los tipos de energías que utilizan. Mediante un relevamiento en la comuna rural «El Puestito», situada a 75 Km al Noreste de la ciudad de San Miguel de Tucumán se realiza un diagnóstico actualizado en relación a las características técnicas de las viviendas y los aspectos socio-económicos de sus pobladores. En función de los resultados obtenidos se proponen módulos que pueden ser utilizados combinadamente para construir una vivienda completa o bien para mejorar las existentes. La propuesta incluye materiales, equipamiento y tecnologías adecuadas para mejorar condiciones de habitabilidad, demandar insumos locales y facilitar la transferencia de tecnología a los pobladores.The current paper describes the study on the features required in a house to satisfy the lifestyle of rural low income dwellers scattered over an area of the province of Tucuman, Argentina. Their customs, equipment and type of energy they use were taken into account. Through a survey in the rural commune «El Puestito», located 75 km northeast the city of San Miguel de Tucuman, an updated diagnosis is carried out in relation to the technical characteristics of housing and socio-economic aspects of its inhabitants. Depending on the results, construction units are proposed to be used either in combination, to build a full house or to improve existing ones. This proposal includes materials, equipment and appropriate technologies to improve living conditions, to sue local inputs and to facilitate technology transfer to the villagers.Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanism

Estudios de resistencia a la compresión en bloques de suelo-cemento

Se describe un trabajo de investigación y transferencia, realizado en El Puestito (Burruyacu, Tucumán), cuyo objetivo principal es determinar la dosificación más adecuada para fabricar bloques de suelo-cemento que se utilizaran para la construcción de un prototipo de vivienda que responde a las características socio-culturales de los habitantes del lugar. Con dos muestras de suelo, se fabricaron probetas, haciendo dosificaciones con la mezcla de las dos muestras a la vez y con cada una por separado. Teniendo en cuenta lo indicado en Norma IRAM 1546, a los 28 días fueron sometidas a la compresión hasta la primera fisura, incrementando la misma hasta la rotura. Los resultados muestran que a medida que aumenta la presión de fabricación, aumenta la resistencia a la compresión y por otro lado, las dosificaciones en las cuales se aumenta la relación entre la cantidad de suelo 1 con respecto a la de suelo 2, producen un aumento de la resistencia a la rotura.We describe a research project and transfer, put in practice in El Puestito (Burruyacu, Tucumán), which main objective is to determine the proper dosage to produce soil-cement blocks that will be used for the construction of a housing prototype which meets to the socio-cultural characteristics of the local people. With two soil samples, specimens were made, with dosages of the mixture from both samples at a time and of each one of them separately. As indicated in IRAM 1546, after 28 days, they were subjected to compression until the first crack, increasing it to fracture point. The results show that with increasing pressure of manufacture, resistance to compression also increases and, on the other hand, dosages in which the amount of soil 1 vs. the amount of soil 2- ratio increases, end up producing an increased resistance to breakage.Asociación Argentina de Energías Renovables y Medio Ambiente (ASADES

Analysis of Lanthanum and Cobalt Leaching Aimed at Effective Recycling Strategies of Solid Oxide Cells

Lanthanum and cobalt are Critical Raw Materials and components of Solid Oxide Cells— SOCs electrodes. This review analyses lanthanum and cobalt leaching from waste materials (e-waste, batteries, spent catalysts), aiming to provide a starting point for SOC recycling, not yet investigated. The literature was surveyed with a specific interest for leaching, the first phase of hydrometallurgy recycling. Most references (86%) were published after 2012, with an interest higher (85%) for cobalt. Inorganic acids were the prevailing (>80%) leaching agents, particularly for lanthanum, while leaching processes using organic acids mostly involved cobalt. The experimental conditions adopted more diluted organic acids (median 0.55Mfor lanthanum and 1.4Mfor cobalt) compared to inorganic acids (median value 2 M for both metals). Organic acids required a higher solid to liquid ratio (200 g/L), compared to inorganic ones (100 g/L) to solubilize lanthanum, while the opposite happened for cobalt (20 vs. 50 g/L). The process temperature didn’t change considerably with the solvent (45–75  C for lanthanum, and 75–88  C for cobalt). The contact time was higher for lanthanum than for cobalt (median 3–4 h vs. 75–85 min). Specific recycling processes are crucial to support SOCs value chain in Europe, and this review can help define the existing challenges and future perspectives

Periurbanos hacia el consenso. Recopilación de trabajos

El presente es una recopilación de los trabajos presentados por los equipos de la Estación Experimental Agropecuaria AMBA y sus agencias de Extensión, en el Segundo Encuentro Nacional y Congreso Científico: “Por la soberanía alimentaria y tecnológica para asegurar un derecho humano a la alimentación adecuada”. El mismo se llevó a cabo del 13 al 16 de octubre de 2022 en Tecnópolis, Villa Martelli, Buenos Aires, Argentina.EEA AMBAFil: Mas, Debora Andrea. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria AMBA. Área de Comunicación; ArgentinaFil: Guerra, Federico Gaston. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria AMBA. Oficina de Desarrollo Local de Lomas Zamora – Agencia San Vicente; Argentin