Incidencia de pacientes aislados por microorganismos multirresistentes en el Servicio de Angiología y Cirugía Vascular en el Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid entre los años 2013-2017

Los microorganismos multirresistentes, su diseminación y su difícil tratamiento, han sido considerados como una alerta sanitaria a nivel mundial, y por tanto, objeto de múltiples estudios. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es conocer la incidencia de los aislamientos por infección o colonización por estos microorganismos en el Servicio de Angiología y Cirugía Vascular del Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid en el periodo comprendido entre los años 2013-2017. Se ha realizado un estudio descriptivo de la cohorte de sujetos sometida a aislamiento de contacto (n=118) por la causa ya descrita, representando un 9,25% de los pacientes aislados en el hospital, y un 1,39% de los pacientes ingresados en el Servicio. Los factores de riesgo estadísticamente significativos para ser infectado o colonizado por un microorganismo multirresistente han resultado ser el hecho de padecer Diabetes Mellitus y neoplasia (p<0,05). El tipo de muestra con resultados positivos más común resultó ser la de herida quirúrgica (41,53%) y el microorganismo más frecuente, Staphylococcus aureus resistente a meticilina (50%). Los pacientes que habían necesitado aislamiento, tuvieron una estancia 4,5 veces más larga que los que no lo precisaron, poniendo de manifiesto su complejidad. La incidencia de aislamientos ha aumentado durante este periodo, habiendo generado la necesidad de nuevos protocolos para prevención, vigilancia y control de este problema, que produce una estancia más prolongada, un mayor gasto sanitario, una mayor realización de pruebas diagnósticas y tratamiento complejo, con una mayor morbimortalidad para los pacientes ingresados.Grado en Medicin

Disintegrability under composting conditions of plasticized PLA-PHB blends

The disintegration under composting conditions of films based on poly(lactic acid) poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PLA-PHB) blends and intended for food packaging was studied. Two different plasticizers, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and acetyl-tri-n-butyl citrate (ATBC), were used to limit the inherent brittleness of both biopolymers. Neat PLA, plasticized PLA and PLA-PHB films were processed by melt-blending and compression molding and they were further treated under composting conditions in a laboratory-scale test at 58 +/- 2 degrees C. Disintegration levels were evaluated by monitoring their weight loss at different times: 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. Morphological changes in all formulations were followed by optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The influence of plasticizers on the disintegration of PLA and PLA-PHB blends was studied by evaluating their thermal and nanomechanical properties by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and the nanoindentation technique, respectively. Meanwhile, structural changes were followed by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The ability of PHB to act as nucleating agent in PLA-PHB blends slowed down the PLA disintegration, while plasticizers speeded it up. The relationship between the mesolactide to lactide forms of PLA was calculated with a Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry device (Py-GC/MS), revealing that the mesolactide form increased during composting. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Authors thank Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness by financial support (MAT2011-28468-C02-01 and MAT2011-28468-C02-02). M.P. Arrieta thanks Generalitat Valenciana for Santiago Grisolia Fellowship (2011/007). Authors gratefully acknowledge Prof. Ma Dolores Salvador (Polytechnic University of Valencia) for her assistance with nanomechanical and optical microscope analysis.Arrieta, MP.; López Martínez, J.; Rayón Encinas, E.; Jiménez, A. (2014). Disintegrability under composting conditions of plasticized PLA-PHB blends. Polymer Degradation and Stability. 108:307-318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2014.01.034S30731810

Morphology and molecular phylogeny of Hyalosynedra lanceolata sp. nov. and an extended description of Hyalosynedra (Bacillariophyta)

The araphid diatom genus Hyalosynedra is a very common component of marine benthic communities, occurring as an epiphyte or colonizing hard substrata, and has a worldwide distribution. The hyaline appearance of the valve and the high striation density, which is indiscernible under a light microscope, makes the identification of most species difficult and very few studies have investigated their morphology, phylogeny or ecology in detail. In an extensive study of diatom communities from the hypersaline Mar Menor coastal lagoon (SE Spain), several new taxa were found. Herein we propose Hyalosynedra lanceolata sp. nov. based on morphological observations (light and electron microscopy) and molecular data (phylogenetic and sequence divergence analyses). The species has distinctive morphological characters (radiate colony, biseriate striation, lanceolate sternum and two long laminar lobed chloroplasts) that are new for the genus and have been included in a proposal to extend the genus description. Our results also show that H. toxoneides does not belong to Hyalosynedra, but appears to be more closely related to Thalassionema and Thalassiothrix. However, further molecular and morphological research is needed to clarify its taxonomic position.Departamento de Ecología de la Universidad de Murci

Stratification of SU(r)-character varieties of twisted Hopf links

We describe the geometry of the character variety of representations of the fundamental group of the complement of a Hopf link with n twists, namely Γn=⟨x,y|[xn,y]=1⟩ into the group SU(r). For arbitrary rank, we provide geometric descriptions of the loci of irreducible and totally reducible representations. In the case r=2, we provide a complete geometric description of the character variety, proving that this SU(2)-character variety is a deformation retract of the larger SL(2,C)-character variety, as conjectured by Florentino and Lawton. In the case r=3, we also describe different strata of the SU(3)-character variety according to the semi-simple type of the representation.Depto. de Álgebra, Geometría y TopologíaInstituto de Matemática Interdisciplinar (IMI)Fac. de Ciencias MatemáticasFALSEunpu

New observations on high-pressure phases in a shock melt vein in the Villalbeto de la Pena meteorite: insights into the shock behavior of diopside

The petrology and mineralogy of shock melt veins in the L6 ordinary chondrite host of Villalbeto de la Peña, a highly shocked, L chondrite polymict breccia, have been investigated in detail using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and electron probe microanalysis. Entrained olivine, enstatite, diopside, and plagioclase are transformed into ringwoodite, low-Ca majorite, high-Ca majorite, and an assemblage of jadeite-lingunite, respectively, in several shock melt veins and pockets. We have focused on the shock behavior of diopside in a particularly large shock melt vein (10 mm long and up to 4 mm wide) in order to provide additional insights into its high-pressure polymorphic phase transformation mechanisms. We report the first evidence of diopside undergoing shock-induced melting, and the occurrence of natural Ca-majorite formed by solid-state transformation from diopside. Magnesiowüstite has also been found as veins injected into diopside in the form of nanocrystalline grains that crystallized from a melt and also occurs interstitially between majorite-pyrope grains in the melt-vein matrix. In addition, we have observed compositional zoning in majorite-pyrope grains in the matrix of the shock-melt vein, which has not been described previously in any shocked meteorite. Collectively, all these different lines of evidence are suggestive of a major shock event with high cooling rates. The minimum peak shock conditions are difficult to constrain, because of the uncertainties in applying experimentally determined high-pressure phase equilibria to complex natural systems. However, our results suggest that conditions between 16 and 28 GPa and 2000–2200 °C were reached.Postprint (author's final draft

Optimisation of Sequential Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Essential Oil and Pigment from Lemon Peels Waste

In this work, a cascade approach to obtain different valuable fractions from lemon peels waste was optimised using microwave-assisted processes. Microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MAHD) with a Clevenger apparatus was firstly used to obtain the lemon essential oil (LEO). The remaining residue was then submitted to microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) to extract the lemon pigment (LP). A Box–Behnken design was used to evaluate the influence of ethanol concentration, temperature and time in LP extraction in terms of extraction yield and colour intensity. Optimal extraction conditions for LP were 80% (v/v) ethanol, 80 °C and 50 min, with a liquid-to-solid ratio of 1:10. The obtained yields for LEO and LP were around 2 wt.% and 6 wt.%, respectively. The composition of LEO was analysed by gas chromatography with flame ionisation detection (GC-FID), and limonene (65.082 wt.%), β-pinene (14.517 wt.%) and γ-terpinene (9.743 wt.%) were mainly identified. LP was purified by using different Amberlite adsorption resins (XAD4, XAD7HP and XAD16N), showing XAD16N the best adsorption capacity. Enrichment factors of 4.3, 4.5 and 5.0 were found for eriocitrin, diosmin and hesperidin, respectively, which were detected as the main components in LP by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–diode array detector–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-DAD-MS) analysis, with final concentrations of 4.728 wt.%, 7.368 wt.% and 2.658 wt.%, respectively. Successful antimicrobial capacity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was obtained for LEO. The results from this work showed the potential of applying a cascading approach based on microwave-assisted processes to valorise lemon wastes, obtaining natural pigments and antimicrobials to be applied in food, cosmetic and polymer industries.The authors express their gratitude to the Bio-Based Industries Consortium and European Commission for the financial support to the project BARBARA: Biopolymers with advanced functionalities for building and automotive parts processed through additive manufacturing. This project received funding from the Bio-Based Industries Joint Undertaking under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 745578

Proyecto de creación y funcionamiento del departamento de recursos humanos para la Asociación de Ahorro, Crédito y Servicios de los mercados de Occidente de Responsabilidad Limitada COOP-1 de R.L

En la actualidad las empresas deben de ser capaces de dar respuestas a los cambios que experimenten la sociedad en general y el mundo laboral en particular. Ninguna empresa funciona sin recursos humanos, este sin duda es el más complejo dentro de cualquier organización por su diversidad; por lo tanto, es necesario gestionarlo adecuadamente para que cada integrante de la empresa contribuya en el logro de los objetivos. La importancia del departamento de RRHH está dada por sus funciones (el reclutamiento, la selección, capacitación, remuneración del personal, entre otros) y el eficiente desarrollo de estas

Types and Distribution of Bioactive Polyunsaturated Aldehydes in a Gradient from Mesotrophic to OligotrophicWaters in the Alborán Sea (Western Mediterranean)

Polyunsaturated aldehydes (PUAs) are bioactive molecules suggested as chemical defenses and infochemicals. In marine coastal habitats, diatoms reach high PUA production levels during bloom episodes. Two fractions of PUA can usually be analyzed: pPUA obtained via artificial breakage of collected phytoplankton cells and dissolved PUA already released to the environment (dPUA). In nature, resource supply arises as a main environmental controlling factor of PUA production. In this work, we monitored the vertical distribution and daily variation of pPUA associated with large-size phytoplankton and dPUA, at three sites located in the Alboran Sea from mesotrophic to oligotrophic waters. The results corroborate the presence of large-size PUA producers in oligotrophic and mesotrophic waters with a significant (58%-85%) diatom biomass. In addition to diatoms, significant correlations between pPUA production and dinoflagellate and silicoflagellate abundance were observed. 2E,4E/Z-Heptadienal was the most abundant aldehyde at the three sites with higher values (17.1 fg center dot cell(-1)) at the most oligotrophic site. 2E,4E/Z-Decadienal was the least abundant aldehyde, decreasing toward the oligotrophic site. For the first time, we describe the daily fluctuation of pPUA attributable to cellular physiological state and not exclusively to taxonomical composition. Our results demonstrate the persistence of threshold levels of dPUA deep in the water column, as well as the different chromatographic profiles of dPUA compared with pPUA. We propose different isomerization processes that alter the chemical structure of the released PUAs with unknown effects on their stability, biological function, and potential bioactivity

Funcionamiento de la escala de intensidad de apoyos en niños y adolescentes con autismo

Funcionamiento de la escala de intensidad e apoyos SIS-C específicamente en personas con TEA

Duplication and divergence: new insights into AXR1 and AXL functions in DNA repair and meiosis

Rubylation is a conserved regulatory pathway similar to ubiquitination and essential in the response to the plant hormone auxin. In Arabidopsis thaliana, AUXIN RESISTANT1 (AXR1) functions as the E1-ligase in the rubylation pathway. The gene AXR1-LIKE (AXL), generated by a relatively recent duplication event, can partially replace AXR1 in this pathway. We have analysed mutants defcient for both proteins and complementation lines (with the AXR1 promoter and either AXR1 or AXL coding sequences) to further study the extent of functional redundancy between both genes regarding two processes: meiosis and DNA repair. Here we report that whereas AXR1 is essential to ensure the obligatory chiasma, AXL seems to be dispensable during meiosis, although its absence slightly alters chiasma distribution. In addition, expression of key DNA repair and meiotic genes is altered when either AXR1 or AXL are absent. Furthermore, our results support a signifcant role for both genes in DNA repair that was not previously described. These fndings highlight that AXR1 and AXL show a functional divergence in relation to their involvement in homologous recombination, exemplifying a duplicate retention model in which one copy tends to have more sub-functions than its paralog