EFFICIENCY OF PHYSICAL REHABILITATION OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE

The analysis of the effectiveness of physical rehabilitation of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is carried out. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease remains one of the most important health problems. In medical, social and economic terms, it is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide; people suffer from this disease for years and prematurely die of it or its complications. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease has a significant negative impact on quality of life, imposing restraints on working capacity, normal physical activity, home occupations, social and family activities, and sleep patterns. The purpose of the research is to study the effectiveness of the proposed method of physical rehabilitation of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A comparative analysis of the data of a survey of 162 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease of moderate severity in the process of treatment and physical rehabilitation was conducted. Patients in control groups underwent treatment according to the protocol and rehabilitation according to the generally accepted method, and patients in treatment groups underwent treatment according to the protocol and rehabilitation according to the proposed method. The effectiveness of rehabilitation was assessed by determining changes in the function of external respiration and quality of life parameters during the study. The use of physical rehabilitation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease has led to an increase in functional capabilities of patients, which was shown by an increase in the mean values of the parameters of external respiration in the study group at the end of the study, which indicate its effectiveness. By virtue of application of the proposed program of physical rehabilitation, it became possible to achieve a significant increase in the overall quality of life and health in patients of the main group by increasing  parameters in problem areas and sub-sectors. Physical rehabilitation should be recommended to patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease to help control symptoms, improve quality of life and increase physical activity

Effect of physical therapy on respiratory function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is one of the most common forms of disease, which leads to high morbidity and mortality of patients, causing significant economic losses. The aim - to examine the effectiveness of the impact of the proposed method of physical therapy on respiratory function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Analyzing the average values of respiratory function of patients in both groups at baseline, it was determined that they are lower than normal and did not significantly differ, indicating that poor functional capacity of the lungs and bronchial patency. This confirms the poor functional health status of patients and requires appropriate treatment and rehabilitation. The physical therapy of patients included several stages: assessment of the patient; learning patient; measures for correction of body weight; physical drilling program; psychological support. For each patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease selected individual program of physical therapy, taking into account the physical features of lung function parameters, specific physiological and psychopathological disorders caused by primary and / or related conditions. Evaluation of physical capabilities of each patient was performed using conventional tests with load (tredmil test, 6-minute walk, etc.). As a result of the comparative analysis of survey data of 130 patients in the control (consisting of those men (n = 32) and female (n = 30) sex) and basic (consisting of those men (n = 36) and female (n = 32) sex) groups were identified following. The use of physical therapy resulted in increasing the functional capacity of patients expressed increasing average values of indicators of lung function studied in the main group at the end of studies that demonstrate its effectiveness

The present state of chronic obstructive lung disease

Рассмотрены определение хронической обструктивной болезни легких, распространение, ущерб, связанный с ней, факторы риска, механизмы развития хронической обструктивной болезни легких, проявления, диагностика и классификация, тактика ведения. Особое внимание уделено необходимости разработки концепции физической реабилитации больных хронической обструктивной болезнью легких с целью улучшения сложившейся ситуации.Consider the definition of chronic obstructive lung disease, the spread of the damage associated with it, the risk factors, mechanisms of development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, manifestations, diagnosis and classification, tactics. Particular attention is paid to the need to develop the concept of physical rehabilitation of patients with chronic obstructive lung disease in order to improve the situation

Efficiency physical rehabilitation patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with moderate severity

The aim - to examine the effectiveness of the impact of the proposed technology for physical rehabilitation of respiratory function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease of moderate severity. The study involved 162 patients. Analysing the average values of respiratory function of patients in both groups at baseline, it was determined that they are much lower than normal and did not differ among themselves, which indicates poor functional capacity of the lungs and bronchial patency. For each patient selected individual program of physical rehabilitation, taking into account the physical features of lung function parameters, specific physiological and psychopathological disorders. Patients of the main group before observed positive dynamics: reducing breathlessness, improved discharge sputum. The use of physical rehabilitation led to the extension of functionality of patients expressed increasing average values of indicators of lung function studied in the main group at the end of studies that demonstrate its effectiveness

Improvement of living standards of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Purpose: to study the effectiveness of the proposed method of physical rehabilitation on the quality of life of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Material & Methods: 162 patients with COPD participated in the study. To determine the effectiveness of the physical rehabilitation, the approved Ukrainian version of the quality of life questionnaire of the World Health Organization. Result: patients of the main group noted a decrease in discomfort, dependence on medications, increased mobility, increased vitality, performance, ability to perform everyday tasks, reducing fatigue, improving sleep, thinking, and improving personal relationships. Conclusion: after applying the proposed program of physical rehabilitation for each patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, we observed an increase in the overall quality of life and health in patients in the main group due to an increase in indicators in problem sub-spheres

Changes in Physical Activity of the ill With COPD in the Process of Physical Rehabilitation

хворих на хронічне обструктивне захворювання легень (ХОЗЛ) тяжкого ступеня. Матеріал і методи. Обстежено 124 хворих на ХОЗЛ тяжкого ступеня. Усім їм проведено стандартне клінічне, лабораторне й функціональне обстеження. Оцінку фізичної активності хворих проведена методом 6-хвилинного крокового тесту (6ХКТ). Результати дослідження. Застосування фізичної реабілітації у хворих на ХОЗЛ призводило до статистично значимо більшої динаміки зростання пройденої дистанції при 6ХКТ як у чоловіків – на 104,66±9,24 м (при стандартному лікуванні – на 57,07±8,99 м; р<0,001), так і в жінок – на 81,17±8,35 м (при стандартному лікуванні – на 44,97±6,67 м; р<0,001). У хворих основної групи, порівняно зі стандартним лікуванням, збільшилася фізична активність як у чоловіків, так і в жінок, в 1,8 раза, а досягнутий стан їхніх фізичних можливостей (511,2±9,38 м; 100,9±1,96 % від належної величини (НВ)) суттєво переважав такий при стандартному лікуванні (481,5±10,59 м; 94,57±1,99 % від НВ; р0,01). Висновки. Застосування фізичної реабілітації у хворих на ХОЗЛ тяжкого ступеня приводить до нарощування їхніх фізичних можливостей, які стають суттєво кращими, порівняно зі стандартним лікуванням. The objective is to study the effectiveness of impact of the proposed physical rehabilitation on the physical activity of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) of severe degree. Material and methods. 124 patients with severe COPD were examined. All patients have undergone a standard clinical, laboratory and functional examination. The assessment of physical activity of patients was carried out by the method of a 6-minute step test (6MST). Research results. The use of physical rehabilitation in patients with COPD resulted in a statistically significant increase in the growth rate of the distance traveled at 6MST, as in men – by 104,66±9,24 m (with standard treatment – by 57,07±8,99 m; p<0,001), and in women – by 81,17±8,35 m (with a standard treatment – 44,97±6,67 m; p<0,001). In patients of the main group, in comparison with the standard treatment, physical activity increased in both men and women by 1,8 times, and the achieved state of their physical abilities (511,2±9,38 m, 100,9±1,96 % from the proper value (PV)) significantly prevailed in the standard treatment (481,5±10,59 m; 94,57±1,99 % of HB; p<0.01). Conclusions. The use of physical rehabilitation in patients with COPD of severe degree leads to an increase in their physical abilities which are significantly better than the standard treatment

Peculiarities of Applying of Breathing Exercises in Physical Rehabilitation of the ill with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Мета статті – визначити особливості застосування дихальних вправ у фізичній реабілітації хворих на хронічне обструктивне захворювання легень. Дихальні вправи обов’язково включаються в програми фізичної реабілітації хворих. Основними серед них були статичне дихання, динамічне дихання, статичне діафрагмальне дихання, довільно кероване або локалізоване дихання, спеціальні дихальні вправи та дихальні вправи з дозованим опором. Звукова гімнастика передбачала спеціальні вправи, пов’язані з вимовою звуків і їх сполучень у визначеній послідовності та визначеним способом. Застосовували також респіраторну гімнастику. The purpose – to determine the application features breathing exercises in physical rehabilitation of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Breathing exercises must be included in the program of physical rehabilitation of patients. The basic breathing exercises were: static breathing, breathing dynamic, static diaphragmatic breathing, or localized random controlled breathing, breathing exercises and special breathing exercises with dosed resistance. Sound exercises included specific exercises related to the pronunciation of sounds and their combinations in a certain sequence and determined way. Also used respiratory gymnastics

Study of the Charge Carrier Collection Coefficient of Silicon p-i-n Photodiodes

The paper investigates the collection coefficient of minority charge carriers in silicon p-i-n photodiodes and the influence of certain technological factors on it. It has been found that the diffusion length of minority charge carriers and the resistivity of the material have a significant effect on the value of the collection coefficient, since the collection area of photogenerated charge carriers increases with increasing these parameters. It was also found that an effective method to increase the collection coefficient of photodiodes is to ensure that the thickness of the high-resistance region of the photodiode is equal to the sum of the diffusion length of minority charge carriers and the width of the space charge region. The effect of the concentration of dopants on the responsivity and collection coefficient is investigated. It was found that, in contrast to the calculated data, in which the collection coefficient increases with decreasing concentrations of phosphorus and boron, in the experimental data, with decreasing concentrations of impurities, the responsivity and, accordingly, the collection coefficient decrease due to a decrease in the degree of heterogenization and, as a result, a decrease in the width of the space charge region and the diffusion length of minority charge carriers

Іmprovement of Function of External Breath in COPD Patients with 2 Degree of Severity in the Process of Physical Rehabilitation

Мета статті – вивчити ефективність впливу запропонованої методики фізичної реабілітації на функцію зовнішнього дихання у хворих на ХОЗЛ 2 ступеня тяжкості. Матеріал і методи. 162 хворі на ХОЗЛ другого ступеня тяжкості. Чоловіків було 84 (51,85 %), жінок – 78 (48,15 %) осіб, середній вік яких склав 56,34±0,97 років. Хворі контрольної групи проходили лікування згідно з нормативним протоколом МОЗ України та реабілітацію за загальноприйнятою методикою, а хворі основної групи – лікування згідно з тим самим протоколом та реабілітацію за запропонованою методикою. Результати дослідження. Застосування стандартного лікування та фізичної реабілітації у хворих на ХОЗЛ другого ступеня тяжкості призводить до суттєвого зростання спірографічних показників. За результатами фізичної реабілітації, в основній групі настає статистично значимо більша динаміка зростання різниці між значеннями після й до реабілітації форсованої життєвої ємкості легень 8,00±1,03 % (при стандартному лікуванні – на 3,16±1,24 %; р<0,05) та пікової об’ємної швидкості видиху – на 11,53±2,14 % (при стандартному лікуванні – на 5,33±1,12 %; р<0,01). У випадку використання фізичної реабілітації за всіма спірографічними показниками вдається досягти динаміки, котра в 1,4–2,5 раза перевищує таку при стандартному лікуванні. Після застосування фізичної реабілітації зменшується напруженість у роботі кардіореспіраторної системи, що виражається кращою (доброю за індексом Скібінскі) поєднаною роботою органів дихання й кровообігу, порівняно зі стандартним лікуванням (задовільна за тим самим індексом). Висновки. Застосування запропонованої фізичної реабілітації у хворих на ХОЗЛ другого ступеня тяжкості приводить до суттєвого покращення функції зовнішнього дихання та функціональних можливостей кардіореспіраторної системи. The aim is to study the effectiveness of the proposed method of physical rehabilitation on the function of external respiration in patients with COPD 2 degree of severity. Material and Methods. 162 patients with COPD 2 degree of severity. There were 84 men (51,85 %), women – 78 (48,15 %), whose average age was 56.34±0.97 years. Patients of the control group underwent treatment according to the normative protocol of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine and rehabilitation according to the standard method, and patients of the main group treated according to the same protocol and rehabilitation according to the proposed procedure. Results of the Study. The use of the standard treatment and physical rehabilitation in patients with COPD of 2 degree of severity leads to a significant increase in spirographic indices. According to the results of physical rehabilitation in the main group, there is a statistically significant increase in the difference between the values after and before the rehabilitation of the forced vital capacity of the lungs 8,00±1,03 % (with standard treatment – 3,16±1,24 %, p<0,05) and peak volumetric expiratory flow rate – by 11,53±2,14 % (with standard treatment – by 5,33±1,12 %, p<0.01). In the case of using physical rehabilitation for all spirographic indicators, it is possible to achieve dynamics that is 1,4 to 2,5 times greater than that for standard treatment. After the application of physical rehabilitation, the intensity of the cardiorespiratory system decreases, which is expressed by the best (according to the Skibinsky index) combined work of the respiratory and circulatory organs in comparison with the standard treatment (satisfactory for the same index). Conclusions. Application of the proposed physical rehabilitation in patients with COPD of 2 severity leads to significant improvement in the function of external respiration and the functional capabilities of the cardiorespiratory system