33 research outputs found
Two simulated annealing optimization schemas for rational bézier curve fitting in the presence of noise
Fitting curves to noisy data points is a difficult problem arising in many scientific and industrial domains. Although polynomial functions are usually applied to this task, there are many shapes that cannot be properly fitted by using this approach. In this paper, we tackle this issue by using rational Bézier curves. This is a very difficult problem that requires computing four different sets of unknowns (data parameters, poles, weights, and the curve degree) strongly related to each other in a highly nonlinear way. This leads to a difficult continuous nonlinear optimization problem. In this paper, we propose two simulated annealing schemas (the all-in-one schema and the sequential schema) to determine the data parameterization and the weights of the poles of the fitting curve. These schemas are combined with least-squares minimization and the Bayesian Information Criterion to calculate the poles and the optimal degree of the best fitting Bézier rational curve, respectively. We apply our methods to a benchmark of three carefully chosen examples of 2D and 3D noisy data points. Our experimental results show that this methodology (particularly, the sequential schema) outperforms previous polynomial-based approaches for our data fitting problem, even in the presence of noise of low-medium intensity.This research has been kindly supported by the Computer Science National Program of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, Project Ref. #TIN2012-30768, Toho University (Funabashi, Japan), and the University of Cantabria (Santander, Spain)
A quaternion-based approach to interference alignment with Alamouti coding
Based on the representation of Alamouti space-time codewords as quaternions, this paper proposes a scheme that combines interference alignment (IA) with Alamouti signals. The proposed formulation allows for a separation of the space-time block coding (to gain spatial diversity) and the IA precoding (to reduce or ideally suppress interference). Although this separation is not necessarily optimal, the splitting of alignment precoding and Alamouti encoding is particularly convenient because it enables the independent optimization of the IA solution using quaternionic versions of standard alternating optimization techniques such as the maximum signal-to-interference-plus-noise algorithm. Some numerical simulations are included to compare the performance of the proposed quaternion IA+Alamouti algorithm with standard IA algorithms in the complex domain as well as with interference cancellation schemes at the receiver side.This work has been supported by the Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (MINECO) of Spain, under grants TEC2013-47141-C4-R (RACHEL), TEC2016-75067-C4-4-R (CARMEN), and FPI grant BES-2014-06978
Cell-level pathway scoring comparison with a biologically constrained variational autoencoder
This preprint has not undergone peer review or any post-submission improvements or corrections. The Version of Record of this contribution is published in: Pang, J., Niehren, J. (eds) Computational Methods in Systems Biology. CMSB 2023. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 14137. Springer, Cham. Available online at https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-42697-1_
Highly accurate whole-genome imputation of SARS-CoV-2 from partial or low-quality sequences
[Background] The current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has emphasized the utility of viral whole-genome sequencing in the surveillance and control of the pathogen. An unprecedented ongoing global initiative is producing hundreds of thousands of sequences worldwide. However, the complex circumstances in which viruses are sequenced, along with the demand of urgent results, causes a high rate of incomplete and, therefore, useless sequences. Viral sequences evolve in the context of a complex phylogeny and different positions along the genome are in linkage disequilibrium. Therefore, an imputation method would be able to predict missing positions from the available sequencing data.[Results] We have developed the impuSARS application, which takes advantage of the enormous number of SARS-CoV-2 genomes available, using a reference panel containing 239,301 sequences, to produce missing data imputation in viral genomes. ImpuSARS was tested in a wide range of conditions (continuous fragments, amplicons or sparse individual positions missing), showing great fidelity when reconstructing the original sequences, recovering the lineage with a 100% precision for almost all the lineages, even in very poorly covered genomes (<20%).[Conclusions] Imputation can improve the pace of SARS-CoV-2 sequencing production by recovering many incomplete or low-quality sequences that would be otherwise discarded. ImpuSARS can be incorporated in any primary data processing pipeline for SARS-CoV-2 whole-genome sequencing.This work is supported by grant PT17/0009/0006 from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, COVID-0012–2020 from Consejería de Salud y Familias, Junta de Andalucía, and postdoctoral contract PAIDI2020- DOC_00350 for C.L., from Junta de Andalucía, co-funded by the European Social Fund (FSE) 2014–2020.Peer reviewe
Assessing the Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Lineages and Mutations on Patient Survival
Objectives: More than two years into the COVID-19 pandemic, SARS-CoV-2 still remains a
global public health problem. Successive waves of infection have produced new SARS-CoV-2 variants
with new mutations for which the impact on COVID-19 severity and patient survival is uncertain.
Methods: A total of 764 SARS-CoV-2 genomes, sequenced from COVID-19 patients, hospitalized from
19th February 2020 to 30 April 2021, along with their clinical data, were used for survival analysis.
Results: A significant association of B.1.1.7, the alpha lineage, with patient mortality (log hazard ratio
(LHR) = 0.51, C.I. = [0.14,0.88]) was found upon adjustment by all the covariates known to affect
COVID-19 prognosis. Moreover, survival analysis of mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 genome revealed
27 of them were significantly associated with higher mortality of patients. Most of these mutations
were located in the genes coding for the S, ORF8, and N proteins. Conclusions: This study illustrates
how a combination of genomic and clinical data can provide solid evidence for the impact of viral
lineage on patient survival.Ministry of Science and Innovation, Spain (MICINN)
Spanish Government PID2020117979RB-I00Instituto de Salud Carlos III
European Commission
European Commission IMP/00019Junta de Andalucia COVID-0012-2020
PS-2020-342European Social Fund (ESF) 871075Carlos Loucera PAIDI2020-DOC_0035
Documentación tridimensional del patrimonio histórico mediante hibridación de técnicas de visión artificial e ingeniería inversa: el Palacio de la Magdalena en Santander
Este trabajo surgió dentro de la colaboración continuada entre el Grupo de Investigación de Gráficos por Computador y Diseño Geométrico de la Universidad de Cantabria, el Taller de Empleo Nuevas Tecnologías del Ayuntamiento de Santander y el Instituto Urban/Eco de la Università Degli Studi di Napoli – Federico II – de Italia. El proyecto, propuesto por el Ayuntamiento de Santander, consistió en aportar una nueva metodología de trabajo, mucho más acorde con la situación de crisis actual, buscando una reducción importante de los costes derivados de la documentación digital del patrimonio histórico. Además de funcionar como soporte a trabajos de catalogación, conservación y restauración del patrimonio arquitectónico de la ciudad de Santander, aportando documentación fotográfica y gráfica del edificio “Palacio de la Magdalena” mediante la hibridacion de tecnicas fotogrametricas con tecnicas provenientes del campo de la visión artificial. El trabajo se ha enmarcado dentro del Plan Director de la Magdalena. Podemos considerar, a este proyecto de colaboración, como un trabajo de investigación con una importante componente de transmisión tecnológica hacia la sociedad. El producto final de este trabajo es la documentación digital de un edificio considerado como patrimonio histórico, de forma que su fortuito derrumbe o demolición no impida el poder volver a construirlo de forma precisa como si de una réplica se tratase. Es muy importante que no existían planos ni alzados previos de este edificio, más allá de los dibujos originales a mano alzada de los arquitectos del edificio y de unos planos aproximados de la reforma interior realizada en la década de los 90, por ello se ha procedido a documentar métricamente este edificio por ingeniería inversa, de forma que se tengan medidas de todos los elementos arquitectónicos del edificio de forma precisa. El trabajo nace con la intención de ser el prototipo para una nueva metodología de trabajo, combinando diferentes técnicas de tratamiento de imágenes y modelado 3D de objetos de rango cercano, hibridando técnicas fotogramétricas con las provenientes del campo de la visión artificial
CSVS, a crowdsourcing database of the Spanish population genetic variability
The knowledge of the genetic variability of the local
population is of utmost importance in personalized
medicine and has been revealed as a critical
factor for the discovery of new disease variants.
Here, we present the Collaborative Spanish
Variability Server (CSVS), which currently contains
more than 2000 genomes and exomes of unrelated Spanish individuals. This database has been generated
in a collaborative crowdsourcing effort collecting
sequencing data produced by local genomic
projects and for other purposes. Sequences have
been grouped by ICD10 upper categories. A web interface
allows querying the database removing one
or more ICD10 categories. In this way, aggregated
counts of allele frequencies of the pseudo-control
Spanish population can be obtained for diseases belonging
to the category removed. Interestingly, in addition
to pseudo-control studies, some population
studies can be made, as, for example, prevalence of
pharmacogenomic variants, etc. In addition, this genomic
data has been used to define the first Spanish
Genome Reference Panel (SGRP1.0) for imputation.
This is the first local repository of variability entirely
produced by a crowdsourcing effort and constitutes
an example for future initiatives to characterize local
variabilityworldwide. CSVS is also part of the GA4GH
Beacon network.Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness
SAF2017-88908-R
PT17/0009/0006
PI19/00321
CIBERER ACCI-06/07/0036
PI14-948
PI171659Regional Government of Madrid, RAREGenomicsCM
B2017/BMD3721
B2017/BMD-3721European Union (EU)European Union (EU)
676559University Chair UAM-IIS-FJD of Genomic MedicineRamon Areces Foundatio
Assessing the Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Lineages and Mutations on Patient Survival
Objectives: More than two years into the COVID-19 pandemic, SARS-CoV-2 still remains a global public health problem. Successive waves of infection have produced new SARS-CoV-2 variants with new mutations for which the impact on COVID-19 severity and patient survival is uncertain. Methods: A total of 764 SARS-CoV-2 genomes, sequenced from COVID-19 patients, hospitalized from 19th February 2020 to 30 April 2021, along with their clinical data, were used for survival analysis. Results: A significant association of B.1.1.7, the alpha lineage, with patient mortality (log hazard ratio (LHR) = 0.51, C.I. = [0.14,0.88]) was found upon adjustment by all the covariates known to affect COVID-19 prognosis. Moreover, survival analysis of mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 genome revealed 27 of them were significantly associated with higher mortality of patients. Most of these mutations were located in the genes coding for the S, ORF8, and N proteins. Conclusions: This study illustrates how a combination of genomic and clinical data can provide solid evidence for the impact of viral lineage on patient survival.This work was supported by Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (grant PID2020-
117979RB-I00), the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), co-funded with European Regional Development
Funds (ERDF) (grant IMP/00019), and has also been funded by Consejería de Salud y Familias,
Junta de Andalucía (grants COVID-0012-2020 and PS-2020-342) and the postdoctoral contract of
Carlos Loucera (PAIDI2020- DOC_00350), co-funded by the European Social Fund (FSE) 2014-2020.
ELIXIR-CONVERGE—H2020 (871075).Peer reviewe
Reconstrucción de curvas desde nubes de puntos ruidosos mediante Simulated Annealing
Máster en Matemáticas y Computació