Pobre, idoso e na rua: uma trajetória de exclusão

This exploratory study aimed to investigate and describe the homeless elderly population user of a shelter specifically designed for them in Sao Paulo. A total of 20 elderly participated in the study. The data were gathered through interviews and field observation. The data analysis was based on Collective Health and Gerontology references. The main results reveal that the vulnerability of the elderly to become homeless occurs in a macro level, characterized by fragile work and residence ties. The micro level is characterized by the lack of familiar support. In conclusion, this study led us to rethink the human values regarding the social inequalities as well the trivialization of social injustice. We learned to view the homeless elderly as subject and not just passive object of charity and assistance.Este estudio exploratorio tiene por objetivo investigar y describir la población anciana que vive en las calles, usuaria de un abrigo exclusivo para este segmento social en la ciudad de Sao Paulo. Los sujetos estudiados fueron veinte ancianos. Los datos fueron recolectados mediante técnicas de entrevista y observación de campo. Estas informaciones fueron analizadas mediante referenciales de las áreas de Gerontología y Salud Colectiva. Los principales resultados muestran que la vulnerabilidad del anciano en la calle ocurre tanto en el nivel macro, caracterizado por lazos de cuestiones laborales y habitacionales frágiles, como en el nivel micro, caracterizado por la falta de apoyo familiar. En conclusión, este estudio llevó a repensar los valores humanos respecto a desigualdades sociales y canalización de la injusticia social. Aprendimos a ver al anciano que vive en la calle como sujeto y no objeto pasivo de caridad y asistencialismo.Este estudo exploratório teve por objetivo investigar e descrever a população idosa em situação de rua, usuária de um abrigo exclusivo para esse segmento, na cidade de São Paulo. Os sujeitos do estudo foram 20 idosos. Os dados foram coletados por meio das técnicas da entrevista e observação de campo. Foram analisados à luz dos referenciais das áreas da Gerontologia e Saúde Coletiva. Os principais resultados mostram que a vulnerabilidade do idoso às ruas se dá tanto no nível macro, caracterizado por laços trabalhistas e habitacionais frágeis, quanto no nível micro, caracterizado pela falta de apoio familiar. Concluindo, esse estudo propocia a reflexão sobre os valores humanos no que diz respeito às desigualdades sociais e banalização da injustiça social. Aprende-se a ver o idoso de rua como sujeito e não um objeto passivo de caridade e assistencialismo

Evaluación para el aprendizaje en enseñanza presencial y virtual de emergencia en la universidad: satisfacción y frustración de las Necesidades Psicológicas Básicas del estudiantado

The satisfaction and frustration of basic psychological needs (BPN) in Assessment for Learning (AfL)-based interventions in the context of Physical Education Teacher Education is a research area that has not received much attention. This study measures students’ BPN in two consecutive cohorts (face-to-face and emergency virtual teaching) during a module at university that uses AfL in an autonomy supportive learning environment. The Satisfaction and Frustration of the Basic Psychological Needs Scale for Training was administered to fourth year students. Qualitative open-ended questions were incorporated into the questionnaire to deepen on students’ opinions on the experience. The results showed high levels of BPN satisfaction plus low levels of frustration in both face-toface and virtual teaching. Likewise, students confirmed the importance of autonomy, structure and feedback in virtual classes, which supports the idea that autonomy and structure are complementary and not contradictory. It also shows how technologies in virtual teaching generated commitment and learning, favoring continual feedback on tutored work. Although this study contributes to scaling up the empirical evidence of the effects of AfL on motivation, a lot of terrain remains to be explored on its implementation in university contexts that support BPN. La satisfacción y frustración de las necesidades psicológicas básicas (NPB) en intervenciones que utilizan la Evaluación para el Aprendizaje (EpA) en el contexto de la Formación Inicial del Profesorado de Educación Física, es un área de investigación que no ha recibido mucha atención. Este estudio analiza las NPB del estudiantado en dos cohortes consecutivas (presencial y enseñanza virtual de emergencia) en una asignatura que utiliza la EpA en un entorno de apoyo a la autonomía. La Escala de Satisfacción y Frustración de las Necesidades Psicológicas Básicas para la Formación se administró al alumnado de cuarto curso del Grado de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y Deportes. Se incorporaron al cuestionario preguntas cualitativas abiertas para conocer la opinión del estudiantado sobre la experiencia. Los resultados mostraron un alto nivel de satisfacción con baja frustración de las necesidades tanto en la docencia presencial como virtual. Asimismo, se confirmó la importancia que el estudiantado da a la autonomía, la estructura y la retroalimentación en las clases virtuales, lo que sustenta la idea de que la autonomía y la estructura se complementan y no son contradictorias. También muestra cómo las tecnologías en la enseñanza virtual generaron compromiso y aprendizaje facilitando la retroalimentación continua del trabajo tutorado. Aunque este estudio contribuye a ampliar la evidencia empírica de los efectos de la EpA en la motivación, queda mucho terreno por explorar sobre su implementación en contextos universitarios que apoyen las NPB.Actividad Física y Deport

Data-Centric Resource Management in Edge-Cloud Systems for the IoT

A major challenge in emergent scenarios such as the Cloud-assisted Internet of Things is efficiently managing the resources involved in the system while meeting requirements of applications. From the acquisition of physical data to its transformation into valuable services or information, several steps must be performed, involving the various players in such a complex ecosystem. Support for decentralized data processing on IoT devices and other devices near the edge of the network, in combination with the benefits of cloud technologies has been identified as a promising approach to reduce communication overhead, thus reducing delay for time sensitive IoT applications. The interplay of IoT, edge and cloud to achieve the final goal of producing useful information and value-added services to end user gives rise to a management problem that needs to be wisely tackled. The goal of this work is to propose a novel resource management framework for edge-cloud systems that supports heterogeneity of both devices and application requirements. The framework aims to promote the efficient usage of the system resources while leveraging the Edge Computing features, to meet the low latency requirements of emergent IoT applications. The proposed framework encompasses (i) a lightweight and data-centric virtualization model for edge devices, (ii) a set of components responsible for the resource management and the provisioning of services from the virtualized edge-cloud resources

Quem mandou ficar velho e morar na rua?

This qualitative case study is part of another study: Aging, health and work. The objective of this excerpt was to identify the meaning of aging on the streets for the elderly living on the street. The subjects' statements were analyzed under the light of the following themes: history of aging and history of life on the streets. It was understood that the streets are usually a hostile environment for the elderly. It does not guarantee the basic life conditions, affecting the mental health of people who are forced to live on the streets, particularly the elderly. The street does not offer any way out and, together with to the life conditions of the elderly living on the streets leads to the gradual loss of self-esteem, significantly affecting self-care. In addition to these issues, we found that compromised functional capacity puts the life/survival of the elderly living on the streets at risk.Esta investigación es un estudio de caso cualitativo; integra el estudio Envejecimiento, salud y trabajo. El presente recorte tuvo por objetivo conocer el significado del envejecimiento en la calle para un anciano en situación de carencia de hogar. La narrativa fue trabajada a la luz de los ejes temáticos: historia del envejecimiento e historia de la vida en la calle. Se infiere que la calle es, casi siempre, un ambiente hostil para el anciano. No garantiza condiciones básicas de vida, perjudicando la salud mental de las personas que son obligadas a vivir en tales condiciones, en particular el anciano. La calle, por no mostrar posibilidades de salida, sumando a esto las condiciones de vida del anciano en situación de calle, induce a un proceso gradual de pérdida de la autoestima, que interfiere radicalmente en el autocuidado. Incrementando dichas cuestiones, se constató que el compromiso de la capacidad funcional coloca al anciano en situación de calle en riesgo de supervivencia.Esta pesquisa é um estudo de caso qualitativo, e integra o estudo Envelhecimento, saúde e trabalho. Esse recorte teve por objetivo conhecer o significado do envelhecimento na rua para um idoso em situação de rua. A narrativa foi trabalhada à luz dos eixos temáticos: história do envelhecimento e história de vida na rua. Depreendemos que a rua quase sempre é um ambiente hostil para o idoso. Não garante condições básicas de vida, interferindo na saúde mental das pessoas que nela são obrigadas a viver, particularmente o idoso. A rua, por não mostrar possibilidades de saída, aliada às condições de vida do idoso em situação de rua leva a um processo gradual da perda da autoestima, interferindo sobremaneira no autocuidado. Acrescido a essas questões, constatamos que o comprometimento da capacidade funcional coloca em risco a sobre/vida do idoso em situação de rua

INFLUENCE OF THE USE OF SLOW-RELEASE PHOSPHATE FERTILIZERS ON THE GROWTH AND PRODUCTION OF CHILI PEPPERS

In general, fertilization recommendations for pepper are old and scarce. Because pepper is a semi-perennial crop with high yield potential and dependence on phosphorus (P), an extremely important element, as it participates in several metabolic processes, it is necessary to look for efficient alternatives for phosphate fertilization, due to its low availability and high adsorption capacity in most Brazilian soils. Slow release fertilizers have been shown to be an excellent alternative to conventional mineral fertilization. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different sources of P on growth and yield of hot pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.). An experiment was carried out in a greenhouse in the JK campus of UFVJM, Diamantina - MG, Brazil, arranged in a completely randomized design with eleven treataments (absence of fertilization, mineral treatment, organic treatment and four slow-release phosphate sources: pelleted organomineral, granulated organomineral, MAP coated and triple formulated, at doses of 150 and 300 kg ha-1 of P2O5). Growth variables, fresh and dry matter accumulation and yield were evaluated 180 days after planting. The pelleted and granulated organomineral treatments at the dose of 300 kg ha-1 of P2O5, promoted the best results for the parameters dry mass of root, number of fruits per plant, fresh and dry mass of fruits and total yield. Such results can be explained by the better efficiency of P release and the better absorption of this nutrient by the plant, making it an excellent option in relation to conventional sources commonly adopted.In general, fertilization recommendations for pepper are old and scarce. Because pepper is a semi-perennial crop with high yield potential and dependence on phosphorus (P), an extremely important element, as it participates in several metabolic processes, it is necessary to look for efficient alternatives for phosphate fertilization, due to its low availability and high adsorption capacity in most Brazilian soils. Slow release fertilizers have been shown to be an excellent alternative to conventional mineral fertilization. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different sources of P on growth and yield of hot pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.). An experiment was carried out in a greenhouse in the JK campus of UFVJM, Diamantina - MG, Brazil, arranged in a completely randomized design with eleven treataments (absence of fertilization, mineral treatment, organic treatment and four slow-release phosphate sources: pelleted organomineral, granulated organomineral, MAP coated and triple formulated, at doses of 150 and 300 kg ha-1 of P2O5). Growth variables, fresh and dry matter accumulation and yield were evaluated 180 days after planting. The pelleted and granulated organomineral treatments at the dose of 300 kg ha-1 of P2O5, promoted the best results for the parameters dry mass of root, number of fruits per plant, fresh and dry mass of fruits and total yield. Such results can be explained by the better efficiency of P release and the better absorption of this nutrient by the plant, making it an excellent option in relation to conventional sources commonly adopted

A influência da gordura visceral e subcutânea na densidade mineral óssea de adolescentes obesos

OBJECTIVE: To verify the influence of visceral and subcutaneous fat, as well adipokines in bone mineral density (BMD) in obese adolescents. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The study involved 125 postpubertal obese adolescents (45 boys and 80 girls). Anthropometric measurements, body composition, visceral and subcutaneous fat, and BMD were determined. Leptin, adiponectin, and insulin levels also analyzed. RESULTS: Data demonstrated a negative relationship between BMD with insulin resistance, visceral fat and leptin concentration; and bone mineral content with visceral/subcutaneous ratio. Positive association between BMD and subcutaneous fat was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Visceral fat and insulin resistance, as well as visceral/subcutaneous ratio and leptin concentration, were negative predictors of BMD in boys and girls, respectively. However, subcutaneous fat had a protective influence in BMD only in boys.OBJETIVO: Verificar a influência da gordura visceral e subcutânea, assim como das adipocinas na densidade mineral óssea (DMO) em adolescentes obesos. SUJEITOS E MÉTODOS: O estudo envolveu 125 adolescentes obesos pós-púberes. Medidas antropométricas, composição corporal, gordura visceral e subcutânea e DMO foram determinadas. Níveis de leptina, adiponectina e insulina foram analisados. RESULTADOS:Os dados demonstraram associação negativa entre DMO com resistência insulínica, gordura visceral e concentração de leptina; e conteúdo mineral ósseo com a razão visceral/subcutânea. Associação positiva entre DMO e gordura subcutânea foi observada. CONCLUSÕES: Gordura visceral, resistência insulínica, razão visceral/subcutânea e concentração de leptina foram preditores negativos da DMO em meninos e meninas, respectivamente. Entretanto, a gordura subcutânea demonstrou exercer influência positivamente na DMO somente nos meninos.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Graduate Studies Program in NutritionUNIFESP Endocrinology DepartmentUNIFESP Psychobiology DepartmentUNIFESP Graduate Studies Program in Interdisciplinary Health SciencesUNIFESP Biosciences DepartmentUNIFESP, Graduate Studies Program in NutritionUNIFESP, Endocrinology DepartmentUNIFESP, Psychobiology DepartmentUNIFESP, Graduate Studies Program in Interdisciplinary Health SciencesUNIFESP, Biosciences DepartmentSciEL

Acúmulo de nutrientes nos frutos e teor foliar de pimenta malagueta (capsicum frutescens) sob diferentes manejos de adubação fosfatada / Accumulation of nutrients in fruits and foliar content of chilly pepper (capsicum frutescens) under different management of phosphate fertilization

O cultivo de pimentas (Capsicum frutescens) tem grande importância para o agronegócio brasileiro. Nos últimos anos vem-se tendo a busca incessante por meio de melhorar a qualidade nutricional das plantas e com isso melhorar a qualidade e produtividade dos frutos. Os fertilizantes de liberação lenta têm se mostrado como uma excelente alternativa em relação a adubação mineral convencional, promovendo melhorias relacionadas a nutrição das plantas. O Fósforo (P) é o nutriente que mais influencia no tamanho dos frutos, crescimento da planta e sistema radicular, o que, consequentemente, pode beneficiar a absorção de outros nutrientes. Desta forma, objetivou-se avaliar a influência de diferentes doses e fontes de adubação fosfatada sobre os teores de macro e micro nutrientes na parte aérea e frutos de pimenta. Realizou-se o experimento em casa de vegetação no campus JK da UFVJM, Diamantina- MG, no delineamento inteiramente casualizado com onze manejos de adubação (ausência de adubação - testemunha, tratamento mineral – Super fosfato simples, tratamento orgânico – Torta de filtro, organomineral peletizado 50% da dose de P2O5, organomineral peletizado 100% da dose de P2O5, organomineral granulado 50% da dose de P2O5, organomineral granulado 100% da dose de P2O5, MAP revestido 50% da dose de P2O5, MAP revestido 100% da dose de P2O5, Formulado triplo 50% da dose de P2O5 e Formulado triplo 100% da dose de P2O5). Foram avaliados os teores de macro e micro nutrientes da parte aérea frutos da pimenta, sendo os macro nutrientes avaliados: Fósforo (P), Potássio (K), Cálcio (Ca), Magnésio (Mg) e os micro nutrientes avaliados: Ferro (Fe), Manganês (Mn), Zinco (Zn). A adubação organomineral se destacou com relação aos teores nutricionais no fruto e folha da pimenta malagueta (Capsicum frutescens), o que provavelmente pode estar relacionado aos benefícios que a adubação mineral com incremento da adubação orgânica apresenta. Em especial tem-se o organomineral granulado 50%, que apresentou resultados expressivos com relação a absorção de macro e micro nutrientes, além da vantagem de poder utilizar metade da dose indicada.            

Desigualdades de gênero e raça na pandemia de COVID-19: implicações para o controle no Brasil

The present narrative review synthesized scientific evidence regarding gender and race inequality in the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on women's productive/reproductive work, gender-based violence, and the access to sexual and reproductive health services (SRHS). The results demonstrated that the effective control of the pandemic and the preservation of rights should consider social inequality. Besides the direct effects of SARS-CoV-2, the literature discusses that access barriers to SRHS can lead to an increase of unintended pregnancies, unsafe abortions, and maternal mortality. Also, the social distancing has led several women to stay confined with their aggressors, which hinders the access to reporting services, incurring in the increase of gender-based violence and severe outcomes to health. As the main responsible for the care, women are more prone to get the virus in both professional and domestic spheres. The conciliation between work and family has become more difficult for them during the pandemic. Literature naturalizes gender, race, and social class differences, emphasizing risk factors. An intersectional research plan is needed to support the information of public policies that incorporate human rights and embrace the needs of the most vulnerable groups to the COVID-19.Esta revisão narrativa sintetizou evidências científicas sobre desigualdades de gênero e raça na pandemia da COVID-19, enfocando o trabalho produtivo/reprodutivo das mulheres, a violência de gênero e o acesso aos serviços de saúde sexual e reprodutiva (SSR). Os resultados confirmam que as desigualdades sociais devem ser consideradas para o efetivo controle da pandemia e a preservação de direitos. Para além dos efeitos diretos do SARS-CoV-2, discute-se que barreiras de acesso a serviços de SSR podem ocasionar o aumento de gravidezes não-pretendidas, abortos inseguros e mortalidade materna. O distanciamento social tem obrigado muitas mulheres a permanecer confinadas com seus agressores e dificultado o acesso a serviços de denúncia, incorrendo no aumento da violência de gênero e em desfechos graves à saúde. Como principais responsáveis pelo cuidado, as mulheres estão mais expostas a adoecer nas esferas profissional e doméstica. A conciliação trabalho-família tornou-se mais difícil para elas durante a pandemia. A literatura naturaliza as diferenças de gênero, raça e classe, com ênfase em fatores de risco. Uma agenda de pesquisa com abordagem interseccional é necessária para embasar a formulação de políticas que incorporem os direitos humanos e atendam às necessidades dos grupos mais vulneráveis à COVID-19

Psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (B-ECOHIS)

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Oral disorders can have a negative impact on the functional, social and psychological wellbeing of young children and their families and cause pain/discomfort for the child. Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) has emerged as an important health outcome in clinical trials and healthcare research. The Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) is a proxy measure of children's OHRQoL designed to assess the negative impact of oral disorders on the quality of life of preschool children. The objective of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the ECOHIS (B-ECOHIS).</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>This investigation was carried out in preliminary and field studies. The preliminary study comprised a cross-sectional study carried out in the city of Petropolis, Brazil. A sample of 150 children from two to five years of age was recruited at a public hospital. In the field study, an epidemiological survey was carried out in public and private preschools of Belo Horizonte, Brazil. The B-ECOHIS was answered by 1643 parents/caregivers of five-year-old male and female preschool children. In both phases, oral examinations were performed by a single previously calibrated dentist. Reliability was determined through test-retest reliability and internal consistency. Validity was determined through convergent and discriminant validities. The correlation between the scores obtained on the child and family impact sections was assessed.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In the preliminary (P) and field (F) study, test-retest reliability correlation values were 0.98 and 0.99 for the child impact section and 0.97 and 0.99 for the family impact section, respectively. The B-ECOHIS demonstrated internal consistency: child impact section (P: α = 0.74; F: α = 0.80) and family impact section (P: α = 0.59; F: α = 0.76). The correlation between the scores obtained on the child and family impact sections was statistically significant (P: r_s= 0.54; F: r_s= 0.62; p ≤ 0.001). In both phases of the study, B-ECOHIS scores were significantly associated with the decayed, missing and filled teeth index, decayed teeth and discolored upper anterior teeth (p < 0.05).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The B-ECOHIS proved reliable and valid for assessing the negative impact of oral disorders on the quality of life of preschool children.</p