2,355 research outputs found
Quality of Life and Impact of Endoscopic Sinus Surgery in Adult Patients With Cystic Fibrosis
The cosmic shallows I: interaction of CMB photons in extended galaxy halos
We report and analyse the presence of foregrounds in the cosmic microwave
background (CMB) radiation associated to extended galactic halos. Using the
cross correlation of Planck and WMAP maps and the 2MRS galaxy catalogue, we
find that the mean temperature radial profiles around nearby galaxies at show a statistically significant systematic decrease of
extending up to several galaxy radii. This effect strongly
depends on the galaxy morphological type at scales within several tens of times
the galaxy size, becoming nearly independent of galaxy morphology at larger
scales. The effect is significantly stronger for the more extended galaxies,
with galaxy clustering having a large impact on the results. Our findings
indicate the presence of statistically relevant foregrounds in the CMB maps
that should be considered in detailed cosmological studies. Besides, we argue
that these can be used to explore the intergalactic medium surrounding bright
late-type galaxies and allow for diverse astrophysical analyses.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figures, submitted to MNRA
How do galaxies populate haloes in high-density environments? An analysis of the Halo Occupation Distribution in future virialized structures
There are hints suggesting that properties of galaxy populations in dark
matter haloes may depend on their large-scale environment. Recent works point
out that very low-density environments influence halo occupation distribution
(HOD), however there is not a similar analysis focused on high-density
environments. Here we use a simulated set of future virialized superstructures
(FVS) to analyse the occupation of galaxies in haloes within these high
globally dense regions.
We use a publicly available simulated galaxy set constructed with a
semi-analytical model to identify FVS in the simulation. Then, we computed the
HOD within these superstructures for different absolute magnitude thresholds
and make several analysis including the comparison to the global HOD results.
We study the dependence on the results on properties of the FVS such as density
and volume as well as consider the morphology of galaxies. We also analysed the
properties of the stellar content of galaxies and the formation time of the
haloes inside FVS.
We find a significant increase in the HOD inside FVS. This result is present
for all absolute magnitude thresholds explored. The effect is larger in the
densest regions of FVS, but does not depend on the volume of the
superstructure. We also find that the stellar-mass content of galaxies
considerably differs inside the superstructures. Low mass haloes have their
central and satellite galaxies with a higher stellar mass content (50%), and
exhibit mean star ages (20%) older than average. For massive haloes in FVS we
find that only the stellar mass of satellite galaxies varies considerably
corresponding to a decrease of 50%. We find a significant statistical
difference between the formation times of haloes in FVS and the average
population. Haloes residing in superstructures formed earlier, a fact that
leads to several changes in the HOD and their member galaxy properties.Comment: 12 pages, 14 figures, the paper has been accepted to be published by
the A&
In Vitro Cytotoxic Effect of Aqueous Extracts from Leaves and Rhizomes of the Seagrass Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile on HepG2 Liver Cancer Cells: Focus on Autophagy and Apoptosis
Aqueous extracts from Posidonia oceanica’s green and brown (beached) leaves and rhizomes
were prepared, submitted to phenolic compound and proteomic analysis, and examined for their
potential cytotoxic effect on HepG2 liver cancer cells in culture. The chosen endpoints related to
survival and death were cell viability and locomotory behavior, cell-cycle analysis, apoptosis and
autophagy, mitochondrial membrane polarization, and cell redox state. Here, we show that 24 h
exposure to both green-leaf- and rhizome-derived extracts decreased tumor cell number in a dose–
response manner, with a mean half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) estimated at 83 and
11.5 µg of dry extract/mL, respectively. Exposure to the IC50 of the extracts appeared to inhibit cell
motility and long-term cell replicating capacity, with a more pronounced effect exerted by the rhizomederived preparation. The underlying death-promoting mechanisms identified involved the downregulation of autophagy, the onset of apoptosis, the decrease in the generation of reactive oxygen
species, and the dissipation of mitochondrial transmembrane potential, although, at the molecular
level, the two extracts appeared to elicit partially differentiating effects, conceivably due to their
diverse composition. In conclusion, P. oceanica extracts merit further investigation to develop novel
promising prevention and/or treatment agents, as well as beneficial supplements for the formulation
of functional foods and food-packaging material with antioxidant and anticancer propertie
A structure in the early Universe at z 1.3 that exceeds the homogeneity scale of the R-W concordance cosmology
A Large Quasar Group (LQG) of particularly large size and high membership has been identified in the DR7QSO catalogue of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. It has characteristic size (volume^1/3) ~ 500 Mpc (proper size, present epoch), longest dimension ~ 1240 Mpc, membership of 73 quasars, and mean redshift = 1.27. In terms of both size and membership it is the most extreme LQG found in the DR7QSO catalogue for the redshift range 1.0 = 1.28, which is itself one of the more extreme examples. Their boundaries approach to within ~ 2 deg (~ 140 Mpc projected). This new, huge LQG appears to be the largest structure currently known in the early universe. Its size suggests incompatibility with the Yadav et al. scale of homogeneity for the concordance cosmology, and thus challenges the assumption of the cosmological principle
Measurements of low-pT electrons from semileptonic heavy-flavour hadron decays at mid-rapidity in pp and Pb-Pb collisions at 1asNN= 2.76 TeV
Transverse-momentum (pT) differential yields of electrons from semileptonic heavy-flavour hadron decays have been measured in the most central (0\u201310%) and in semi- central (20\u201340%) Pb\u2013Pb collisions at 1asNN = 2.76TeV. The corresponding production cross section in pp collisions has been measured at the same energy with substantially reduced systematic uncertainties with respect to previously published results. The modifi- cation of the yield in Pb\u2013Pb collisions with respect to the expectation from an incoherent superposition of nucleon-nucleon collisions is quantified at mid-rapidity (|y| < 0.8) in the pT interval 0.5\u20133GeV/c via the nuclear modification factor, RAA. This paper extends the pT reach of the RAA measurement towards significantly lower values with respect to a previous publication. In Pb\u2013Pb collisions the pT-differential measurements of yields at low pT are essential to investigate the scaling of heavy-flavour production with the number of binary nucleon-nucleon collisions. Heavy-quark hadronization, a collective expansion and even initial-state effects, such as the nuclear modification of the Parton Distribution Function, are also expected to have a significant effect on the measured distribution
Measurement of pion, kaon and proton production in proton-proton collisions at TeV
The measurement of primary , K, p and
production at mid-rapidity ( 0.5) in proton-proton collisions at
TeV performed with ALICE (A Large Ion Collider Experiment) at
the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is reported. Particle identification is
performed using the specific ionization energy loss and time-of-flight
information, the ring-imaging Cherenkov technique and the kink-topology
identification of weak decays of charged kaons. Transverse momentum spectra are
measured from 0.1 up to 3 GeV/ for pions, from 0.2 up to 6 GeV/ for kaons
and from 0.3 up to 6 GeV/ for protons. The measured spectra and particle
ratios are compared with QCD-inspired models, tuned to reproduce also the
earlier measurements performed at the LHC. Furthermore, the integrated particle
yields and ratios as well as the average transverse momenta are compared with
results at lower collision energies.Comment: 33 pages, 19 captioned figures, 3 tables, authors from page 28,
published version, figures at
http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/156
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