160 research outputs found

    Enfoques y metodologías sobre el hábitat: memorias de una experiencia pedagógica

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    Compilación de ensayos producto de los Cursos de Formación Avanzada del Oriente Antioqueño y Medellín, realizados por el Programa FORHUM en el segundo semestre de 1999. Algunos de los ensayos enfatizan sobre conocimientos consolidados en la experiencia de la intervención urbana; otros, proponen nuevas preguntas o sugieren diferentes enfoques para comprender y actuar en los asuntos más candentes de las sociedades locales y sus hábitats

    Laboratorio de experiencias : una estrategia para la cultura informacional en la Biblioteca-CRAI Universidad de Antioquia

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    RESUMEN: El laboratorio de experiencias es una estrategia para generar un espacio de participación, aprendizaje y decisión conjunta en el que los involucrados acuerdan trabajar y aprender juntos para identificar de manera conjunta un horizonte formativo en perspectiva de una cultura informacional. Esto significa la consolidación de un marco teórico que ilumine el sendero de la práctica educativa y un modelo pedagógico que orienten sus acciones. En ese sentido, el laboratorio de experiencias se define como un espacio de trabajo colaborativo que busca apropiar conocimientos en el campo de la pedagogía y la didáctica que permitan la comprensión del proceso de formación desde los contenidos educativos, los métodos de enseñanza y las estrategias de evaluación, en la dimensión de una cultura informacional. Igualmente, se tiene en cuenta a otros actores que han aportado conceptualmente, desde las teorías de la formación y las tradiciones pedagógicas que soportan los pilares de la práctica educativa que se desarrolla en el Sistema de Bibliotecas de la Universidad de Antioquia

    Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

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    Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

    Globalización y dimensiones del desarrollo humano. La búsqueda del desarrollo integral.

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     El artículo plantea la preocupación  acerca  de la influencia de la globalización en las posibilidades del desarrollo integral –sobre  todo de los países en desarrollo o tercer mundistas–,  en relación  con las dimensiones que debe encerrar una concepción y búsqueda de tal desarrollo.  Lo anterior, con el fin de asumir críticamente  el enfoque tradicional economicista del desarrollo  y hacer evidente la necesidad de ir más allá de lo económico si se quiere trabajar por un hombre  que pueda ejercer sus libertades plenas y sus capacidades, fundadas en el reconocimiento social  a sus derechos y responsabilidades.Es por ello que se plantea una reflexión crítica en torno a los denominados modelos o  dimensiones del desarrollo, enmarcándolos  en la era de la  globalización, con la pretensión de enfatizar en la necesidad de buscar un tipo  de  desarrollo integral que articule lo económico, lo político, lo social, lo humano, lo cultural, lo ecológico y lo territorial, con sentido de libertad y  sustentabilidad.   El artículo se divide en dos partes. En la primera se estudia  el tema de la globalización y el desarrollo;   en la segunda se cuestiona el desarrollo asumido como modelo o modelos,  versus el desarrollo  pensado en sus diferentes dimensiones, no antagónicas ni excluyentes,  sino articuladas en forma integral, mas no exentas de  contradicciones . Al final, se esbozan algunas conclusiones que dejan planteado un debate que no concluye y que debe ser continuado y profundizado. Palabras Clave: Globalización, Desarrollo, política, economía, cultura

    De la acción comunal al movimiento comunal en Antioquia : la acción comunal entre la tradición, la democratización y la modernización

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    IP 1115-10-007-92Incluye anexosnueve subregiones : contexto de la accion comunal en Antioquia/Beatriz E. Lopez de Mesa -- Acerca de la;teoria y metodologia de los movimientos sociales en Colombia /Beatriz E.Lopez de Mesa;LIBRO(S): Caracteristicas demograficas, socio-economicas ypoliticas del departamento de Antioquia y su

    Assessment of Exposure to Mycotoxins in Spanish Children through the Analysis of Their Levels in Plasma Samples

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    In this study, we present, for the first time in Spain, the levels of 19 mycotoxins in plasma samples from healthy and sick children (digestive, autism spectrum (ASD), and attention deficit hyperactivity (ADHD) disorders) (n = 79, aged 2–16). The samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (triple quadrupole) (LC-MS/MS). To detect Phase II metabolites, the samples were reanalyzed after pre-treatment with β-glucuronidase/arylsulfatase. The most prevalent mycotoxin was ochratoxin A (OTA) in all groups of children, before and after enzyme treatment. In healthy children, the incidence of OTA was 92.5% in both cases and higher than in sick children before (36.7% in digestive disorders, 50% in ASD, and 14.3% in ADHD) and also after the enzymatic treatment (76.6 % in digestive disorders, 50% in ASD, and 85.7% in ADHD). OTA levels increased in over 40% of healthy children after enzymatic treatment, and this increase in incidence and levels was also observed in all sick children. This suggests the presence of OTA conjugates in plasma. In addition, differences in OTA metabolism may be assumed. OTA levels are higher in healthy children, even after enzymatic treatment (mean OTA value for healthy children 3.29 ng/mL, 1.90 ng/mL for digestive disorders, 1.90 ng/mL for ASD, and 0.82 ng/mL for ADHD). Ochratoxin B appears only in the samples of healthy children with a low incidence (11.4%), always co-occurring with OTA. Sterigmatocystin (STER) was detected after enzymatic hydrolysis with a high incidence in all groups, especially in sick children (98.7% in healthy children and 100% in patients). This supports glucuronidation as a pathway for STER metabolism in children. Although other mycotoxins were studied (aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, G2, and M1; T-2 and HT-2 toxins; deoxynivalenol, deepoxy-deoxynivalenol, 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol, 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol; zearalenone; nivalenol; fusarenon-X; neosolaniol; and diacetoxyscirpenol), they were not detected either before or after enzymatic treatment in any of the groups of children. In conclusion, OTA and STER should be highly considered in the risk assessment of mycotoxins. Studies concerning their sources of exposure, toxicokinetics, and the relationship between plasma levels and toxic effects are of utmost importance in children

    Open-label phase I/II clinical trial of SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine (FINLAY-FR-2) in combination with receptor binding domain-protein vaccine (FINLAY-FR-1A) in children

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    Objectives: To evaluate a heterologous vaccination scheme in children 3-18 years old (y/o) combining two SARS-CoV-2r- receptor binding domain (RBD)protein vaccines. Methods: A phase I/II open-label, adaptive, and multicenter trial evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of two doses of FINLAY-FR-2 (subsequently called SOBERANA 02) and the third heterologous dose of FINLAY-FR-1A (subsequently called SOBERANA Plus) in 350 children 3-18 y/o in Havana Cuba. Primary outcomes were safety (phase I) and safety/immunogenicity (phase II) measured by anti-RBD immunoglobulin (Ig)G enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA), molecular and live-virus neutralization titers, and specific T-cells response. A comparison with adult immunogenicity and predictions of efficacy were made based on immunological results. Results: Local pain was the unique adverse event with frequency >10%, and none was serious neither severe. Two doses of FINLAY-FR-2 elicited a humoral immune response similar to natural infection; the third dose with FINLAY-FR-1A increased the response in all children, similar to that achieved in vaccinated young adults. The geometric mean (GMT) neutralizing titer was 173.8 (95% confidence interval [CI] 131.7; 229.5) vs Alpha, 142 (95% CI 101.3; 198.9) vs Delta, 24.8 (95% CI 16.8; 36.6) vs Beta and 99.2 (95% CI 67.8; 145.4) vs Omicron. Conclusion: The heterologous scheme was safe and immunogenic in children 3-18 y/o. Trial registry: https://rpcec.sld.cu/trials/RPCEC0000037

    Correction to: Comparative effectiveness and safety of non-vitamin K antagonists for atrial fibrillation in clinical practice: GLORIA-AF Registry

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    International audienceIn this article, the name of the GLORIA-AF investigator Anastasios Kollias was given incorrectly as Athanasios Kollias in the Acknowledgements. The original article has been corrected

    Soft-dielectron excess in proton–proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV

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    A measurement of dielectron production in proton-proton (pp) collisions at s√=13 TeV, recorded with the ALICE detector at the CERN LHC, is presented in this Letter. The data set was recorded with a reduced magnetic solenoid field. This enables the investigation of a kinematic domain at low dielectron invariant mass mee and pair transverse momentum pT,ee that was previously inaccessible at the LHC. The cross section for dielectron production is studied as a function of mee, pT,ee, and event multiplicity dNch/dη. The expected dielectron rate from hadron decays, called hadronic cocktail, utilizes a parametrization of the measured η/π0 ratio in pp and proton-nucleus (p-A) collisions, assuming that this ratio shows no strong dependence on collision energy at low transverse momentum. Comparison of the measured dielectron yield to the hadronic cocktail at 0.15<mee<0.6 GeV/c2 and for pT,ee<0.4 GeV/c indicates an enhancement of soft dielectrons, reminiscent of the 'anomalous' soft-photon and -dilepton excess in hadron-hadron collisions reported by several experiments under different experimental conditions. The enhancement factor over the hadronic cocktail amounts to 1.61±0.13(stat.)±0.17(syst.,data)±0.34(syst.,cocktail) in the ALICE acceptance. Acceptance-corrected excess spectra in mee and pT,ee are extracted and compared with calculations of dielectron production from hadronic bremsstrahlung and thermal radiation within a hadronic many-body approach
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