Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Ga Penetration along Grain Boundaries in Al: a Dislocation Climb Mechanism

Many systems where a liquid metal is in contact with a polycrystalline solid exhibit deep liquid grooves where the grain boundary meets the solid-liquid interface. For example, liquid Ga quickly penetrates deep into grain boundaries in Al, leading to intergranular fracture under very small stresses. We report on a series of molecular dynamics simulations of liquid Ga in contact with an Al bicrystal. We identify the mechanism for liquid metal embrittlement, develop a new model for it, and show that is in excellent agreement with both simulation and experimental data

Methodological Approach to Measure the Quality of Life of the Region’s Population

The article is devoted to the urgent problem of the regional development, i.e. to the development of methodological tools to evaluate the quality of life of the population in the region. The article considers the concept of “quality of life”, and the terms related thereto; and substantiate the author’s position with respect to the concept. The existing domestic and foreign approaches to evaluate the quality of life of the population were analyzed, and the application of the comprehensive approach was reasoned within this study. The criteria for evaluation of the quality of life of the population were distinguished. The authors proposed the methodological approach that considers not only objective indicators of the quality of life presented in the statistical reports of the Russian Federal State Statistics Service, but also employs subjective evaluations of the local population enabling more appropriate evaluation of the quality of life in the region. The methodological tools of the research include mathematical methods of statistical data processing and online survey of the population about the level of satisfaction with various aspects of their life. The methodological tools were tested using the example of the Sverdlovsk Region that is characterized both by the steady improvement of statistical indicators of the quality of life and by low satisfaction of population with certain aspects of the quality of life, which generally decreases the integrated indicator of the quality of life despite positive dynamics of social and economic development of the region and vigorous social policy of the regional authorities. The proposed methodology was used in the evaluation of the quality of life of the Sverdlovsk Region population as part of the development of the Concept of comprehensive regional program “New quality of life of Ural residents” (Decree of the Governor of the Sverdlovsk Region No. 45-UG dated January 29, 2014 “On the Concept of the life quality improvement for the Sverdlovsk Region population before 2030 year — “New quality of life of Ural residents”).The article has been prepared with the support of the grant of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) No. 15-06-09169 “Development of methodical measurement tools and evaluation of the impact of social, economic, medical and demographic factors on mortality rates of working-age population”

Waste management based on circular economy principles

Waste management has strategic implications in contemporary world. The demand in combination of economic development with environmental safety is urging to focus on capacities of non-linear economy. Waste management should redirect its efforts to reduction, recycling and treatment techniques, which view the wastes as resources. The goal of this paper is to study theoretical and practical issues of waste management based on circular economy principles from perspective of cross-disciplinary eco-economic collaboration. © 2020 The Authors, published by EDP Sciences.Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Ð Ð¤Ð¤Ð : 20 -010-00558“ The reported study was funded by RFBR, project number 20 -010-0055

Strategic Trade and Industrial Policies with International R&D Spillovers

本稿では,企業の研究開発(R&D)の成果が国境を越えてスピルオーバーする国際貿易モデルにおいて,輸出補助金ならびにR&D補助金の効果を分析する.国際寡占企業間のR&D投資競争がクールノー型数量競争ないしベルトラン型価格競争に先んじて行なわれるという仮定のもとで,輸出国の貿易政策と産業政策の最適な組合せを導出する.最適な輸出補助金とR&D補助金の符号は製品間の代替性,R&Dスピルオーバーの程度,そしてR&D投資の効率性をそれぞれ表すパラメーターに依存して変化することが示される.さらに,輸出国にとって利用可能な政策手段が1つしかない状況下での輸出補助金あるいはR&D補助金の最適性を検討する

Повышение академической мобильности как важнейшее условие формирования образовательной инициативы студентов

In the present article the author describes the new conditions and forms of academic mobility in Russia. The author gives grounds for the importance of international education programs for to enhance the learning activities of students of modern universities.В данной статье автор описывает новые условия и формы академической мобильности в России, обосновывает значение международных образовательных программ для активизации учебной деятельности студентов современных вузов

Phase-transitions in spin-crossover thin films probed by graphene transport measurements

Future multi-functional hybrid devices might combine switchable molecules and 2D material-based devices. Spin-crossover compounds are of particular interest in this context since they exhibit bistability and memory effects at room temperature while responding to numerous external stimuli. Atomically-thin 2D materials such as graphene attract a lot of attention for their fascinating electrical, optical, and mechanical properties, but also for their reliability for room-temperature operations. Here, we demonstrate that thermally-induced spin-state switching of spin-crossover nanoparticle thin films can be monitored through the electrical transport properties of graphene lying underneath the films. Model calculations indicate that the charge carrier scattering mechanism in graphene is sensitive to the spin-state dependence of the relative dielectric constants of the spin-crossover nanoparticles. This graphene sensor approach can be applied to a wide class of (molecular) systems with tunable electronic polarizabilities.Comment: main text: 13 pages, 5 figures ; SI: 14 pages, 12 figure