State-Dependent Nominal Rigidities & Disinflation Programs in Small Open Economies

Empirical regularities from high-inflation economies, especially in Latin America, suggest that exchange rate-based (ERB) disinflations and money-based (MB) disinflations induce sharply different dynamics in consumption and GDP. I study the role of nominal rigidities to explain business cycle fluctuations associated to ERB and MB disinflations within a single framework. By building on Calvo's (1983) pricing theory, this paper introduces elements of state-dependent pricing at the firm level into an otherwise standard small open economy model. This new feature allows for endogenous variations in the aggregate degree of nominal rigidities. The model contains as a special case a time- dependent pricing model discussed in the literature. Nonlinear simulations show that the model with state-dependent nominal rigidities generates a dynamic behavior that is more consistent with the empirical evidence, compared to the model with time-dependent pricing.

Inflation and Output Dynamics with State-Dependent Frequency of Price Changes

This paper extends Calvo's (1983) time-dependent pricing model to incorporate state-dependent features in pricing, while preserving tractability. The pricing scheme delivers a generalized New Keynesian Phillips curve with an explicit role for the frequency of price revisions. The novel feature shows that inflation responds to movements of relative prices and to endogenous fluctuations in the average frequency of price adjustment. The model offers, therefore, a microfounded rationale for systematic deviations in the inflation- marginal cost relation predicted by the new Keynesian Phillips curve. As a byproduct, the model determines endogenously the short-run slope of the Phillips curve. Simulations predict weaker responses of output and stronger responses of inflation to technology, preference and monetary shocks than those of a close time-dependent model.

SimulEditor: Java code to create Matlab code for Uhlig toolkit

SimulEditor creates a Matlab .m-file for your model which is written in the format required by Uhlig's (1999) "Toolkit for Analyzing Nonlinear Dynamic Stochastic Models Easily", so you can simulate your model using Uhlig's Toolkit . The .m-file of your model is created in four intuitive steps in a user-friendly environment.

"State-Dependent Nominal Rigidities & Disinflation Programs in Small Open Economies"

Experiences of high-inflation economies suggest that exchange rate-based (ERB) and money-based (MB) disinflations induce sharply different dynamics in consumption and GDP. I study the role of nominal rigidities to explain such dynamics. I build on Calvo pricing to introduce elements of state-dependent into an otherwise standard small open economy. This new feature delivers state-dependent nominal rigidities (SDNR). Nonlinear simulations show that the model with SDNR generates a dynamic behavior consistent with both ERB and MB disinflations; however the model’s special case with constant nominal rigidities is not successful rationalizing ERB disinflations.Nominal rigidities, disinflations, state-dependent pricing, exchange-rate based stablizations