Analysis of Alternative Routing Methods in MPLS Networks

U ovome radu analizirane su dvije metode alternativnog usmjeravanja u MPLS (MultiProtocol Label Switching) mreži, a to su hop-by-hop (usmjeravanje iz izvora uz prenošenje) i eksplicitno (usmjeravanje s upravljanjem iz izvorišnog čvora). Proizvoljno je definirana topologija mreže koja sadrži 17 čvorova, kao i vjerojatnosti dostupnosti grana između tih čvorova. Temeljem definiranih parametara određene su vjerojatnost blokiranja zahtjeva između svakog para izvorišnog-odredišnog čvora (NNGoS - Node-to-Node Grade of Service) za pojedinu metodu usmjeravanja paketa u MPLS mreži.In this thesis two methods of alternative routing in MPLS (MultiProtocol Label Switching) network are analyzed. These are: hop-by-hop routing and explicit routing. The network topology, which consisted of 17 network nodes, and link availability probability were defined arbitrary. Based on these parameters blocking probability values were defined for each pair of source-destination node (NNGoS - Node-to-Node Grade of Service) and for each of the two routing methods in the MPLS network

Analysis of Alternative Routing Methods in MPLS Networks

U ovome radu analizirane su dvije metode alternativnog usmjeravanja u MPLS (MultiProtocol Label Switching) mreži, a to su hop-by-hop (usmjeravanje iz izvora uz prenošenje) i eksplicitno (usmjeravanje s upravljanjem iz izvorišnog čvora). Proizvoljno je definirana topologija mreže koja sadrži 17 čvorova, kao i vjerojatnosti dostupnosti grana između tih čvorova. Temeljem definiranih parametara određene su vjerojatnost blokiranja zahtjeva između svakog para izvorišnog-odredišnog čvora (NNGoS - Node-to-Node Grade of Service) za pojedinu metodu usmjeravanja paketa u MPLS mreži.In this thesis two methods of alternative routing in MPLS (MultiProtocol Label Switching) network are analyzed. These are: hop-by-hop routing and explicit routing. The network topology, which consisted of 17 network nodes, and link availability probability were defined arbitrary. Based on these parameters blocking probability values were defined for each pair of source-destination node (NNGoS - Node-to-Node Grade of Service) and for each of the two routing methods in the MPLS network

Минералошко-петролошки карактеристики на микашистите од околината на с. Бонче, Прилеп

Во овој труд се објавени резултатите од испитувањето на примероциод микашисти, земени од околината на с.Бонче, Прилеп. Микашистите се откриени од десната страна на патот Слива-Бонче. Со рендгенско-дифракциона анализа еутврдено дека микашистите воглавносе изградени од мусковит кварц и добро оформени кристали на кијанит и алмандин кои често се близнети или сраснати. Големината на кристалите на кијанитите е од неколку mm до 3-4 cm, а на алмандините од неколку mm до 1 cm. Останати минерали кои се утврдени во микашистите, но кои се појавуваат во многу помала мера се: кварц, илит и серицит. Микашистите од с. Бонче се ранатско кијанитски микашисти со шкрилава текстура и лепидобластична структура

Вентрикуларна фибрилација по ендоскопска ретроградна холангиопанкреатографија кај пациент со вграден уред за лево вентрикуларна асистенција – приказ на случај

Congestive heart failure is a growing global health problem. Left ventricular assist device (LVAD) is a method used to extend the life of patients with congestive heart failure as a definitive treatment or to “bypass” the period until heart transplantation. Ventricular arrhythmias in patients with LVAD are not uncommon. The aim of this paper is to present the case of a patient with an already implanted LVAD and the need for appropriate interdisciplinary medical treatment. Case report: We present the case of a 54-year old patient, A. D., with implanted LVAD - HeartMate 3 due to severe congestive heart failure. The patient was admitted with jaundice at the PHIU Clinic for Gastroenterohepatology with performed endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)) procedure and a stent was placed in the choledochus duct. Immeasurable blood pressure and pulse were recorded in this patient. The ECG was approaching VF (ventricular fibrillation) and it was all asymptomatic by the patient.  LVAD mechanical pump leads to continuous blood flow, which means that patients with LVAD not infrequently have no pulse or measurable blood pressure. Also, in patients with LVAD, ECG pulses are with electrical disturbances. VF and ventricular tachycardia (VT) are ventricular arrhythmias that are often seen on ECG in patients with implanted LVAD. Usually these arrhythmias occur with unknown duration and terminate spontaneously. Conclusion: Patients with LVAD are prone to cardiac arrhythmias. The continuous development of medical devices leads to a continuous educational and clinical approach to patients.                                                                        Конгестивната срцева слабост е растечки глобален здравствен проблем. Уредот за лево вентрикуларна асистенција (LVAD) се користи за продолжување на животот на пациентите со конгестивна срцева слабост како дефинитивен третман или за премостување на периодот до трансплантација на срце. Вентрикуларните аритмии кај пациентите со LVAD не се невообичаени. Целта на овој труд е да се прикаже случајот на пациент со веќе вграден LVAD и потребата од соодветен интердисциплинарен медицински третман. Приказ на случај: Ви претставуваме случај на 54-годишен пациент, А. Д., со вграден LVAD - HeartMate 3 поради тешка конгестивна срцева слабост. Пациентот е примен со иктерус на ЈЗУ Клиниката за гастроентерохепатологија по што е извршена ендоскопска ретроградна холангиопанкреатографија (ERCP)) и е поставен стент во холедохусниот канал. Кај овој пациент е регистрирано немерлив крвен притисок и пулс. На ЕКГ е регистрирана VF вентрикуларна фибрилација (VF) и сето тоа беше асимптоматски од страна на пациентот. Механичката пумпа на LVAD води до континуиран проток на крв, што значи дека пациентите со LVAD не ретко немаат пулс или мерлив крвен притисок. Исто така, кај пациентите со LVAD, ЕКГ импулсите се со електрични нарушувања. VF и вентрикуларна тахикардија (VT) се вентрикуларни аритмии кои често се гледаат на ЕКГ кај пациентите со имплантиран LVAD. Најчесто овие аритмии се јавуваат со непознато времетраење и спонтано завршуваат. Заклучок: Пациентите со ЛВАД се склони кон срцеви аритмии. Континуираниот развој на медицинските помагала води кон континуиран едукативен и клинички пристап во третманот на пациентите

Micro-Raman Spectroscopy for Detection of Label-Free and Oil Red O Labeled PEGylated Nanoliposomes in hCmec/D3 Cell Internalization Studies

Rapid development of nanomedicines necessitates advancement in internalization techniques which can accurately distinguish between the complex environments of cells and nanocarriers. Internalization (or endocytosis) studies of oil red O labeled and label-free PEGylated-lecithin/cholesterol nanoliposomes was performed using micro-Raman spectroscopy. The C.O stretching vibrations and CCH scissoring bendings of naphthalene ring around 1225 cm.1 as well as the N=N stretching vibrations at 1377 cm.1 are prominent peaks absent from the label-free spectra which can be used for detection of internalized oil red O labeled nanoliposomes. Suitability of oil red O as a liposome marker was confirmed by stability studies of the incorporated dye and automated fluorescence cell counting. The C.C stretching region with a prominent wide band centered at 1080 cm.1 indicative of larger gauche conformer content typical for the lecithin-cholesterol nanoliposomes and the strong maximum at 980 cm.1 associated with O.C.C.N+ stretching vibrations of the liposome polar head groups are important for studying label-free nanoliposome cell internalization

Water for all : Proceedings of the 7th international scientific and professional conference Water for all

The 7th International Scientific and Professional Conference Water for all is organized to honour the World Water Day by the Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, European Hygienic Engineering & Design Group (EHEDG), Danube Parks, Croatian Food Agency, Croatian Water, Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Faculty of Agriculture in Osijek, Faculty of Civil Engineering Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek Department of Chemistry, Nature Park “Kopački rit”, Osijek- Baranja County, Public Health Institute of the Osijek- Baranja County and „Vodovod-Osijek“ -water supply company in Osijek. The topic of World Water Day 2017 was "Wastewater" emphasizing the importance and influence of wastewater treatments on global environment. The international scientific and professional conference Water for all is a gathering of scientists and experts in the field of water management, including chemists, biologists, civil and agriculture engineers, with a goal to remind people about the significance of fresh water and to promote an interdisciplinary approach and sustainability for fresh water resource management. The Conference has been held since 2011. About 300 scientists and engineers submitted 95 abstracts to the 7th International Scientific and Professional Conference Water for all, out of which 33 was presented orally and 62 as posters. 47 full papers were accepted by the Scientific Committee. 38 full papers became the part of the this Proceedings while 9 papers were accepted for publication in Croatian Journal of Food Science and Technology and Electronic Journal of the Faculty of Civil Engineering Osijek - e-GFOS

Eksperimentalna analiza kavitacijske erozije v toku kapljevine s trdimi delci

Cavitation erosion is a problem that presents a challenge for the engineers in different industries, as it erodes the machinery which leads to lower efficiency and higher maintanance costs. An experimental investigation has been conducted to evaluate cavitation and cavitation erosion with and without the presence of solid particles in a Venturi channel. The methodology is based on observing and analysing the evolution of the vapour structures and occurence of cavitation erosion on the sample surface in the Venturi channel. To conduct experiments the cavitation tunnel was used, with the central component being a transparent test section with a Venturi-like channel (constructed from Plexiglass walls and a metal insert) to monitor the process of cavitation. To detect the damage caused by cavitation erosion and abrasion, the most effective solution was found to be an indicator in the form of black acrylic paint thinned with water (at a ratio of 1:2). On the sample surface, a self-adhesive aluminium tape was applied to protect the aluminium base from erosive characteristics from cavitation Furthermore, a comparison between cavitation with and without solid particles was made to determine the effects of solid particles on both cavitation and abrasion of the sample surface. The observation revealed that no matter the solid particles, damage from cavitation erosion appears at the separation point and in proximity to the location of the detached cloud collapse. The spherical glass particles with diameters between 40 µm and 70 µm added an abrasive effect on the sample surface only in the presence of cavitation structures. It was determined, that the intensity of cavitation erosion and abrasion increases when the cavitation number decreases and volumetric flow rate increases. Also, an economic analysis was conducted, to determine which is the more cost beneficial solution between replacement of the metal insert and application of protective coatings over the metal insert.Kavitacijska erozija je izziv za inženirje v različnih industrijah, saj povzroča erozijo strojev, kar vodi do manjše učinkovitosti in višjih stroškov vzdrževanja. Izvedena je bila eksperimentalna analiza kavitacijske erozije v toku kapljevine s trdnimi delci v Venturijevem kanalu in brez njih. Metodologija temelji na analizi in opazovanju razvoja parnih struktur in kavitacijske erozije na površini vzorca v Venturijevem kanalu. Za izvedbo eksperimentov je bil uporabljen kavitacijski tunel, katerega osrednji del je bil prozoren testni odsek z Venturijevim kanalom (izdelanim iz sten iz pleksi stekla in kovinskega vstavka) za spremljanje procesa kavitacije. Za spremljanje poškodb, ki jih povzročata kavitacijska erozija in abrazija, se je kot najučinkovitejša rešitev izkazal pokazatelj v obliki črne akrilne barve, razredčene z vodo (v razmerju 1 : 2). Na površini vzorca je bil nameščen samolepilni aluminijasti trak za zaščito aluminijaste podlage pred erozijskimi lastnostmi zaradi kavitacije. Poleg tega je bila izvedena primerjava med kavitacijo s trdnimi delci in brez njih, da bi ugotovili učinke trdnih delcev na kavitacijo in površino vstavka. Opazovanja so pokazala, da se ne glede na trdne delce, poškodbe zaradi kavitacijske erozije pojavijo na mestu separacije kavitacijskega oblaka in in v bližini kolpasa kavitacijskega oblaka. Krogelni, stekleni delci premera od 40 µm do 70 µm so zgolj ob prisotnosti kavitacijskih struktur dodali abrazivni učinek na površino vstavka. Opazili smo, da se intenzivnost kavitacijske erozije in abrazije poveča, ko se kavitacijsko število zmanjša, volumski pretok pa poveča. Opravljena je bila tudi ekonomska analiza, da bi ugotovili, katera rešitev je stroškovno ugodnejša med zamenjavo kovinskega vstavka in nanosom zaščitnih premazov na kovinski vstavek

Mineralogical characterization of riebeckite from Alinci, Republic of Macedonia

In this paper are presented the preliminary mineralogical characterization of riebeckite from Alinci, Republic of Macedonia. Several crystals of riebeckite were collected for research. The following three methods were used for the examination: scanning electron microscopy (SEM), coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS), X-ray powder difraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy using Diffuse Reflectance method (FTIR/DRS). With these methods was established that the investigated mineral is riebeckite. Riebeckite from Alinci appears in needle crystals with dark green-black colour, vitreous luster and greenish brown streak. The concentration of elements in riebeckite crystals is: Na (2.97–4.94%), Mg (4.89–6.96%), Fe (10.83–27.21%), Si (21.90– 26.42%), Ca (0.89–4.38%). The Fe/Mg ratio is from 1.8 to 3.8. Riebeckite (with Fe/Mg >> 1) is common mineral in alkaline granites and syenites. In alkaline granites and syenites, a continuous series exists between arfvedsonite and the riebeckite. Оuter surface of riebeckite is covered with the crust various thickness and width. In this crust concentration of elements is: P (0.60–15.22), Mg (0.58–5.14%), Fe(4.98–13.13%), Si (3.50–25.39%), Ca (0.59–1.63%), Al (0.73– 17.33%), Ti (0.12–0.40%). There is proportional dependence between phosphorus and silicon in riebeckite crystals and crust. In the crust content of phosphorus increases, while the content of silicon decreases. Fine-grained phosphates are formed by superficial alteration processes. The nucleation and crystallization of Al and Fe phosphate phases are directly from aqueous solutions. Al and Fe phosphate phases readily precipitate from supersaturated solutions. This crust is likely a result of surface chemical reaction through altered surface layers and riebeckites dissolution at Earth surface temperatures. The most intense registered maxima in the studied powder pattern [d values (in Å), I, (hkl)] are: 8.44 (100), 3.12 (51), 2.80 (17), 3.14 (10), 3.27 (10), 2.71 (5), 4.20 (4), 1.65 (4), 3.25 (3)

OBTAINING OF THE MG2+ FORM OF THE ZEOLITE 4A WITH ION EXCHANGE OF MAGNESIUM SALTS

Zeolites are sodium alumino silicates which in in their composition contain zeolite water. They have a three-dimensional structure. Spatial structure defined by a strictly defined geometry of pores and cavities. For ionic еchange is used magnesium salt (MgCl2*6H2O) whose aqueous solutions were with the following concentrations (MgCl2*6H2O) = 2,5; 3.5; 4,5 mol / dm3 , and other parameters of the ion exchange: time t = 20, 30, 40 and temperature of 298 and 330 K. Ionian capacity is calculated as mmgMgO / 1g zeolite

MINERALOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF RIEBECKITE FROM ALINCI, REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA

 In this paper are presented the preliminary mineralogical characterization of riebeckite from Alinci, Republic of Macedonia. Several crystals of riebeckite were collected for research. The following three methods were used for the examination: scanning electron microscopy (SEM), coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS), X-ray powder difraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy using Diffuse Reflectance method (FTIR/DRS). With these methods was established that the investigated mineral is riebeckite. Riebeckite from Alinci appears in needle crystals with dark green-black colour, vitreous luster and greenish brown streak. The concentration of elements in riebeckite crystals is: Na (2.97–4.94%), Mg (4.89–6.96%), Fe (10.83–27.21%), Si (21.90– 26.42%), Ca (0.89–4.38%). The Fe/Mg ratio is from 1.8 to 3.8. Riebeckite (with Fe/Mg >> 1) is common mineral in alkaline granites and syenites. In alkaline granites and syenites, a continuous series exists between arfvedsonite and the riebeckite. Оuter surface of riebeckite is covered with the crust various thickness and width. In this crust concentration of elements is: P (0.60–15.22), Mg (0.58–5.14%), Fe(4.98–13.13%), Si (3.50–25.39%), Ca (0.59–1.63%), Al (0.73– 17.33%), Ti (0.12–0.40%). There is proportional dependence between phosphorus and silicon in riebeckite crystals and crust. In the crust content of phosphorus increases, while the content of silicon decreases. Fine-grained phosphates are formed by superficial alteration processes. The nucleation and crystallization of Al and Fe phosphate phases are directly from aqueous solutions. Al and Fe phosphate phases readily precipitate from supersaturated solutions. This crust is likely a result of surface chemical reaction through altered surface layers and riebeckites dissolution at Earth surface temperatures. The most intense registered maxima in the studied powder pattern [d values (in Å), I, (hkl)] are: 8.44 (100), 3.12 (51), 2.80 (17), 3.14 (10), 3.27 (10), 2.71 (5), 4.20 (4), 1.65 (4), 3.25 (3). Key words: riebeckite; X-ray powder diffraction; scanning electron microscopy;  Fourier transform infrared spectroscop